Pedagogy is a social science that studies human educational activities and their laws. It exists widely in human life. Through the study of educational phenomena and problems, the general laws of education are revealed.
/kloc-After the middle of the 0/9th century, the emergence of Marxism and the development of modern psychology and physiology laid the foundation of dialectical materialism philosophy and natural science for science education. The development of modern production, science and technology and the extensiveness and richness of educational practice have further promoted the development of pedagogy. The research object of pedagogy is the phenomena and problems of human education and the general laws of education.
Formal education theory and substantive education theory
The theory of formal education originated in ancient Greece and ran through the whole Middle Ages. It was formed in17th century, prevailed in18-19th century and declined in 20th century. The main representatives are Locke and Pestalozzi.
The main points are: the purpose of education is to develop students' various functions or abilities; Formal subjects (such as Greek, Latin, mathematics, logic, etc. ) or classical humanities courses have the most development value; Teaching principles and methods are based on the internal development order of students' psychological function.
The theory of substantive education originated in ancient Greece and Rome, was suppressed in the Middle Ages, formed in18th century, flourished in19th century, and declined in the early 20th century, with Herbart and Spencer as the main representatives.