1.
Modesty is a polite expression, expressing humility and self-modesty.
Modesty, in addition to the "big family" and "small family" mentioned above, also includes:
Mean-humble people, humble themselves. Like me, contempt, contempt, etc.
Fool-a fool who claims to be modest. Like stupid brothers, stupid ideas, stupid opinions.
We-humble ourselves or things related to ourselves. Such as my last name, my place, my school, my home and so on.
Bad-no intelligence, modesty and self-esteem, also known as incompetence and corruption.
Clumsy-mostly used to humble one's own works and opinions. For example, my work is not good, my pen is not good, my publication is not good, my translation is not good, my humble opinion and so on.
In addition, scholars humbly call themselves "late students", "primary school students", "late students" and "late students" in front of their elders. Old people sometimes call themselves "old ladies" and "old ladies".
2. Beautiful language
Elegant language is an elegant language as opposed to vulgar language, which often reflects a person's civilization. Today's elegant language is first manifested in the appellation, for example, people with disabilities of hands and feet are called "people with incomplete hands and feet", people with dementia and mental retardation are called "mentally retarded people", people who serve patients are called "waiters" or "hygienists", people who pick up junk are called "scavengers", people who sweep streets and clean up garbage are called "urban beauticians" and "sanitation workers".
Elegant language. It is also manifested in the elegance of some behaviors. For example, eating is called "eating" and "dining"; Call pouring wine "full of wine" and "pouring wine"; Call drinking tea "using tea" and "tasting tea"; Call going to the toilet "clean hands", "convenient" and "going to the toilet"; Wait a minute.
These polite expressions are part of traditional etiquette. Proper use of polite language is a sign of modesty and politeness, which will undoubtedly be respected by others. Those who call themselves "Lao Zi" and "Lao Niang" and call others "Old Immortal" and "Bunny" will only raise eyebrows.
When dealing with others, you always start with a title. Calling seems to be a greeting and a passport to the door of communication. Proper address can make the other person feel kind and have a basis for communication.
There is such a story.
Once upon a time, a young man was riding a horse when he suddenly saw an old man passing by. He immediately shouted, "Hey! Old man, how far is it from the inn? " The old man said, "Five Li." The young man got on his horse and hurried on. As a result, he ran more than ten miles in one breath, but still no one was seen. He thought to himself, this old man is so hateful that he has to go back and teach him a lesson. As he thought about it, he said to himself, "Five miles, five miles, what five miles!" Suddenly, he came to his senses. Isn't this "five miles" a homonym for "rudeness"? So I turned my horse's head and drove back. Caught up with the old man, he quickly turned over and dismounted, affectionately calling "the old man". Before he finished, the old man said, "The inn has passed. If you don't mind, you can stay at my house. "
This story tells people the importance of politeness in interpersonal communication in a popular and clear way.
So, how to address it is polite? 1. Consider each other's age characteristics.
You must be respectful when you meet your elders, especially when you want something from others. For example, grandpa, grandma, uncle, aunt, old gentleman, old master, you are old, etc. Don't shout: hello, hello, cyclist, cowherd, worker, etc. Otherwise, it will be annoying and even have an unpleasant quarrel. In addition, it should be noted that the address of people should be accurate according to their age, otherwise it will make a joke. For example, if you see a woman in her twenties, you can call her "big sister", but in fact she is not married, which will make people unhappy. Might as well call her "big sister".
2. Consider each other's professional characteristics
We see some young people in society. No matter who we meet, we call them. Master ",it is inevitable that people are disgusted. Therefore, we must distinguish between different occupations in terms of address. It is of course reasonable to call workers, drivers, hairdressers, cooks, etc. "Master", but addressing farmers, soldiers, doctors, salespeople and teachers is somewhat neither fish nor fowl, which makes people uncomfortable. People in different occupations should have different names. For example, farmers should be called "uncles", "aunts" and "fellow villagers"; Doctors should be called "doctors"; Teachers should be called "teachers"; For national cadres and public officials, it is best to call them "comrades." With the in-depth development of reform and opening up, people's social interaction has become more frequent and complicated, and people's names have become more and more diverse. For example, managers of foreign companies and foreign businessmen should not be called "comrades", but should be called. Sir, miss, lady, etc. Addressing Hong Kong compatriots, Taiwan Province compatriots and overseas Chinese with "Comrade" may make them feel unaccustomed, while addressing them with "Mr.", "Ms." and "Miss" will make people feel natural and cordial.
Consider each other's identity
A college student went to the teacher's house to ask questions. Unfortunately, the teacher was not at home, and the teacher's lover opened the door to meet him. At that time, the college student didn't know what to call him and blurted it out. Jenny. "As a result, the teacher's lover felt embarrassed, and the students realized that it was wrong. They suddenly felt embarrassed because this" Jenny "was no older than a college student.
What should I call this situation? It depends on the identity of the other party. According to status, the teacher's lover is "Jenny", of course, but this is an old name that people are unwilling to accept. The best way is to call her "teacher", no matter what occupation she is (or don't know what occupation she is engaged in). Calling others teachers means respect and humility.
4. Consider your intimate relationship with each other.
When addressing others, we should also consider the intimacy of our relationship. For example, when you meet your brothers and sisters, classmates' friends and partners in the same workshop, it will be more intimate, cheerful and chic to call them by their first names. Otherwise, you will be called "comrade", "monitor" and "miss" solemnly after meeting, but you will appear strange and distant. Of course, it is ok to make a joke "seriously" for fun.
At the same time, when greeting many people, we should pay more attention to the distance and the relationship between primary and secondary. Generally speaking, it is advisable to grow up first and then be young, first go up and then down, first be female and then male, first be sparse and then be dense. In diplomatic occasions, when entertaining foreign guests, this kind of address is more important in order. 1972, Premier Zhou Enlai called it "Mr. President, Mrs. Nixon, ladies and gentlemen, comrades and friends!" This polite, thoughtful and orderly diplomat has left a deep impression on people and is an example for us to learn from.
Consider the occasion of speaking.
Call superiors and leaders to distinguish between different occasions. In daily communication, it is best not to call leaders and superiors official titles, but to call them "Lao Zhang" and "Lao Li", which makes people feel equal, cordial, approachable and not bureaucratic. A wise leader would welcome such a title. However, if leaders are called "Manager Wang", "Director Zhang", "President Zhao" and "Director Sun" in formal occasions, such as meetings, contacts with foreign units and work talks, it can reflect the seriousness of the work, the authority of the leaders and the legal person qualification, which is necessary for the smooth development of the work.
6. Consider each other's language habits
China has a vast territory, a large population and different dialects and customs. On the premise of promoting Putonghua, we should also pay attention to the language habits of various places. If we violate the local language habits, we may encounter difficulties.
Someone has encountered such a thing in Chengde. Several young people went on a trip together. On this day, they came out of the summer resort and wanted to go to Waiba Temple. In order to cut corners, two boys asked for directions and met a peasant girl selling eggs. A young man stepped forward and politely shouted, "Premium!" At first, the girl disagreed. The young man thought she didn't hear him, so he shouted again and angered the girl. She was furious and said, "Go home and give your mother superfine products!" These two young people are very cultured, but they controlled their temper and didn't have an attack. I used to ask the way politely, but I got a scolding. Why is this? Later, I learned that local farmers only called monks and nuns "masters". How can a big girl be called a "super product"? It is not surprising that the two boys were severely scolded.