Computer Network Security Paper 1
Discussion on computer network security protection technology
The development of computer and network provides unlimited opportunities for the progress of human society, but also brings severe challenges to information security. Computer network security is to use various technologies, means and measures to ensure the safe operation of the network system and ensure the integrity, confidentiality and availability of data in the process of network transmission and exchange. This paper focuses on the analysis of various unsafe factors affecting the network, and further puts forward some measures to ensure network security.
[Keywords:] computer; Network security; Protective technology
First, computer network security issues
Security problems in computer networks mainly affect two aspects. One is the threat to all kinds of information data, including a series of data destruction such as illegal modification, theft, deletion and illegal use of information data; The second is to attack various devices in the computer network. System network disorder paralysis, and even equipment damage.
1. Security risks of network structure and equipment itself.
In fact, the network topology is a mixed structure, which integrates various topologies such as bus and star. Each node in the topology uses different network facilities, including routers, switches and hubs. Each topology has its own security risks, and each network device also has different security defects due to its own technical limitations, which brings different security problems to the network.
2. Operating system security
The operating system directly uses computer hardware to provide users with an interface for use and programming. All kinds of application software must rely on the system software foundation provided by the operating system in order to obtain high reliability of operation and integrity and confidentiality of information. Similarly, the security of a network system depends on the security of each host system in the network. If there are defects and loopholes in the operating system, it is easy to become the target of hacker attacks. Therefore, operating system security is the basis of computer network security.
3. Viruses and hackers
Viruses can make use of the computer's own resources to make a lot of self-replication, which affects the normal operation of computer software and hardware and destroys computer data and information. Hackers mainly intercept, steal, decipher, modify and destroy network data information through network attacks and network reconnaissance. Viruses and hackers are the biggest threats to computer networks at present.
Second, computer network security protection technology
1. encryption technology
Data encryption is to replace the original plaintext or data with unreadable ciphertext according to some algorithm, and then store and transmit information. The winner of ciphertext can read the original content only by inputting the corresponding key, which realizes the confidentiality of data. The key of encryption technology lies in encryption algorithm and key management.
Encryption algorithms are usually divided into symmetric encryption algorithms and asymmetric encryption algorithms. Symmetric encryption algorithm uses the same key for encryption and decryption. Symmetric encryption algorithm has fast encryption and decryption speed, high encryption strength and open algorithm. Asymmetric encryption algorithm uses different keys for encryption and decryption, and data encrypted with encryption key can only be opened with corresponding decryption key. Asymmetric encryption algorithm has high security and reliability of encrypted data, and the key is not easy to decipher.
2. Firewall technology
Firewall technology is the most widely used technology to control access between networks, prevent outsiders from illegally entering internal networks and protect internal network resources. Firewalls are deployed between networks with different network security levels. Firewall matches the preset access control rules by detecting the source address, destination address, source port, destination port and other information in the data packet. When the match is successful, the packet is allowed to pass, otherwise it is discarded. At present, the common firewalls in the market are mostly state detection firewalls, that is, deep packet filtering firewalls. Firewalls can't prevent threats from users in internal networks, nor can they completely prevent the spread of infected programs and files.
3. Intrusion detection technology
Network intrusion detection technology mainly searches for possible intrusions by collecting relevant information such as operating system, application programs and network data packets, and then takes measures such as alarming and cutting off intrusion lines to prevent intrusions. Network intrusion detection is an active security protection technology, which only monitors data information, does not filter data and does not affect normal network performance.
Intrusion detection methods mainly adopt anomaly detection and misuse detection. Anomaly detection can detect intrusion behavior according to the abnormal behavior of system or user and the abnormal situation of computer resources. It is universal, not limited by the system, and can detect attacks that have never happened before. However, the false alarm rate is high because it is impossible to fully scan the users of the whole system. Misuse detection is a model-based knowledge detection, which detects intrusion behavior according to known intrusion patterns. The false alarm rate is low and the response speed is fast, but it takes a lot of time and work to establish various intrusion models in advance according to the intrusion behavior.
Intrusion detection system is divided into host-based intrusion detection system and network-based intrusion detection system. Host-based intrusion detection technology is to supervise and detect the historical audit data and system logs of the host system and local users in order to find suspicious events. Its advantages are: accurate intrusion detection; The disadvantage is that it is easy to miss detection. The network-based intrusion detection system obtains data packets related to security events from the network according to certain rules, and then passes them to the intrusion analysis module for security judgment and informs the administrator. Advantages: saving resources, strong anti-attack ability and real-time response detection. Disadvantages: Data encryption limits the discovery of anomalies from network packets.
4. Antivirus technology
Network virus technology mainly includes virus prevention technology, virus detection technology and virus removal technology. Virus prevention technology gives priority to gain control of the system through its own system memory, monitor and judge whether the virus exists, and prevent the spread and destruction of the virus. Virus detection technology can judge whether the system is infected with virus by detecting the characteristics of computer virus and the characteristics of the file itself. Virus removal technology is the reverse process of computer virus infection program. According to the analysis of the virus, install online antivirus software for antivirus.
In a word, with the continuous expansion of network scale, the importance of network security has been paid more and more attention. At present, the research on information network security in China has gone through two stages: communication secrecy and data protection. Entering the research stage of network information security, enterprise network security solutions mainly rely on firewall technology, intrusion detection technology and network anti-virus technology. However, network security is not only a technical problem, but also a social problem. The publicity and education of f64 network security should be strengthened. Strengthening the security awareness of network users, from passive acceptance to active prevention, can minimize network security risks.
References:
[1] Zhang Xiaowei talks about the influencing factors and safeguard measures of computer network security.
[2] Ann Lu Ping on computer network security protection technology "Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information" No.36, 2009.
[3] Xing's ARP virus defense system based on "Regulations of the Second International Conference on Modeling and Simulation"
Computer Network Security Thesis II
On computer network security protection
Abstract: With the rapid development and popularization of computer network, people rely more and more on the network, and a lot of information exchange is realized through the Internet. At the same time, a large number of important information is stored on the Internet, and network security problems also arise. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the security protection of computer networks. This paper focuses on the threats to network security and puts forward corresponding solutions.
Keywords: computer; Network security; protect
1 Introduction
The development of information technology has brought great changes to people's lives. Computer network has been integrated into people's daily life, which has changed and facilitated people's life and work. Nowadays, people's demand and dependence on information network is increasing day by day, and the problem of network security is becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is of great significance for network security protection to comprehensively analyze the main reasons affecting network security and put forward relevant countermeasures. The two important characteristics of the Internet are openness and sharing, which is also the reason why there are security risks in computer systems under the open network environment. With the deepening of network security research, different security mechanisms, security strategies and network security tools have gradually emerged to ensure network security.
Computer network security is actually a comprehensive subject involving multi-disciplinary theoretical knowledge, including computer science, network technology, cryptography, communication technology, number theory, information security technology, information theory and so on. Network security protection is to protect the data in the system from malicious intrusion, data change and disclosure, and system destruction from both hardware and software, so as to ensure the normal and continuous operation of the system and uninterrupted network.
2 computer network security threats
The security threats faced by the network are also multifaceted, such as natural disasters, the fragility of the network system itself, misoperation, man-made attacks and destruction.
2. 1 natural disasters
Computer network is also built by various hardware, so it is easily influenced by external factors. Many computer storage spaces lack waterproof, fireproof, shockproof, lightning protection, electromagnetic leakage prevention and other related measures. Therefore, in the event of natural disasters or drastic changes in the external environment, including temperature and humidity, the physical structure of the computer system will be broken.
2.2 network vulnerabilities
(1) The basic infrastructure of computer network is the operating system, which is the foundation and guarantee for all software to run. However, although the operating system has powerful functions and powerful management functions, there are also many unsafe factors, which have hidden dangers for network security. The security vulnerabilities of the operating system are easily overlooked, but the harm is serious. In addition to the operating system, other software will also have defects and loopholes, which will make the computer face danger. When connecting to the network, it is prone to slow speed or crash, which will affect the normal use of the computer.
(2) The openness and freedom of computer networks also make attacks possible. Open network technology makes physical transmission lines and network communication protocols become the new targets of network attacks, which will cause more software and hardware vulnerabilities, and then attack vulnerabilities, which will also lead to serious paralysis of computer systems.
(3) Computer security configuration is also prone to problems, such as firewalls. Once the configuration is wrong, it will not be able to protect the network security, which will easily cause some security loopholes and affect the computer security. In addition, the existing network environment has no technical restrictions on users, and any user can freely share all kinds of information, which also increases the difficulty of network security protection to some extent.
Many netizens feel insecure. The password of online account is simple, so you don't pay attention to protection. Even the passwords of many important accounts are relatively simple and easy to be stolen, threatening the security of accounts.
2.3 man-made attacks
Man-made attack is the biggest security threat to the network. There are two kinds of man-made malicious attacks: active attacks and passive attacks. The former refers to taking effective measures to destroy the target information; The latter is mainly to obtain or hinder the transmission of important confidential information, and intercept, steal and decipher the information without affecting the normal work of the network. Both of these attacks will lead to the leakage of important data and do great harm to computer networks. Hackers will take advantage of the defects and loopholes in the system or network to enter the system illegally, eavesdrop on important information, or modify or destroy the information network, resulting in system paralysis or data loss, which often brings serious adverse effects and major economic losses.
Computer virus is an artificially developed executable program, which has the characteristics of latency, infectivity, triggering and serious destruction. Generally, it can be hidden in executable files or data files and will not be easily found, which makes computer viruses spread very quickly and difficult to prevent, and will spread in the process of file copying, file and program running. After the virus is triggered, it can quickly destroy the system, reduce the working efficiency of the system, and even destroy, delete and rewrite files, resulting in data loss and even damage to the system hard disk. Viruses usually spread in the use of floppy disks, hard disks, optical disks and networks. There have been many malignant viruses in recent years, such as? Panda incense burning virus? Wait, it spread quickly on the internet, causing very serious adverse consequences.
Besides viruses, spam and spyware also threaten users' privacy and computer security.
3 network security protection measures
3. 1 Technical means to improve safety protection
Computer security protection means mainly include firewall technology, encryption technology, access control and virus prevention. Generally speaking, improving protection means mainly starts from two aspects: computer system management and physical security.
Computer network security, first of all, should start with management. The first is to educate users about network security and raise their awareness of self-prevention. Second, we must rely on a complete network security management system, strictly enforce the law on the network, and severely crack down on cyber crimes committed by criminals. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of laws and regulations and moral concepts of network users, reduce malicious attacks, popularize the basic skills of network prevention, and enable users to use computer knowledge to compete with hackers and computer viruses.
Physical security is the basis of improving network security and reliability. Physical security is mainly the physical environment and hardware security of the network. First of all, we should ensure that the entities of the computer system are in a safe physical environment. The network computer room and related facilities have strict standards and requirements to follow. It is also necessary to control physical access rights to prevent unauthorized individuals from intentionally destroying or tampering with network facilities.
3.2 Improve vulnerability scanning facilities
Vulnerability scanning is a technology that automatically detects the security of remote or local hosts. By scanning the main service ports and recording the response of the target host, some specific useful information can be collected. Vulnerability scanning is mainly a program to realize security scanning, which can find the security vulnerabilities of the system in a short time, thus providing useful reference for the program developers of the system. In this way, problems can be found in time, so as to find a solution as soon as possible.
4 conclusion
After the analysis of this paper, with the rapid development of communication technology, computer network technology is constantly updated and developed. While using the network, we should constantly strengthen the computer network security protection technology. New applications will continue to emerge, and the research on network security will continue to deepen, so as to maximize the security protection technology of computer networks, reduce the security risks of network use, and realize the security and continuity of information platform communication.
refer to
Zhao Zhen. Analysis of computer network security problems and protection strategies [J]. Institute of Education, Shanghai Institute of Engineering Technology, 20 10, (03): 65-66.
[2] Liu Lijun. Computer Network Security Protection Problems and Strategy Analysis [J]. Hua Zhang, 20 1 1, (34): 83-84.
[3] Zhao. Protection Strategies of Computer Network Application Security [J]. Qinghai Education, 20 12, (04): 45-46.
[4] Zheng. Computer Network Security Protection Problems and Strategies [J]. Computer CD Software and Application, 20 12, (15):158-158.
Computer network security paper 3
Influencing factors and countermeasures of computer network security
Introduction to 0
With the development of computer networks, malicious attacks such as viruses, hackers and Trojans have made network security problems increasingly prominent, and how to improve the defense ability of network security has attracted more and more attention. This paper analyzes the threats and influencing factors faced by computer network security at present, and puts forward some countermeasures to strengthen the network security defense ability in view of the existing problems. The development of network technology provides a platform for people to exchange information and realizes the dissemination and sharing of information resources. However, with the extensive and in-depth application of computer network, the operating environment is also complex and changeable, and the network security problems are becoming more and more prominent, and the negative impact and seriousness brought about by this can not be ignored. Viruses, hackers, Trojans and other malicious attacks. It destroyed the computer software and hardware, and greatly affected the security and reliability of the computer network system. Therefore, we must vigorously develop network security technology to ensure the normal operation of network transmission.
1 Factors affecting computer network security
1. 1 system defect
Although the computer operating system is very mature at present, there are inevitably security loopholes, which bring problems to the computer network security and provide opportunities for some hackers to use these system loopholes to invade the computer system. Vulnerabilities are weaknesses in computer systems. This weakness may be caused by defects in software or hardware itself, or by improper system configuration. Because the operating system inevitably has loopholes of one kind or another, it will be exploited by hackers, bypassing the security protection of the system and gaining a certain degree of access rights, so as to achieve the purpose of invading other people's computers.
1.2 computer virus
Virus is the biggest threat to destroy computer information and data. It usually refers to a kind of artificially designed code or program that can attack users' computers, which can slow down users' computers, tamper with data, crash or even crash, and also make some important data information leak, causing users to suffer huge losses. Typical virus, such as Trojan horse virus, is a premeditated program code hidden in the program and disguised as legal code by extreme means. When users unconsciously run this malicious program, it will cause computer poisoning. Computer virus is a common means of destruction, with strong destructive power, which can slow down the computer and even crash in a short time. It is difficult for ordinary users to find computer viruses during normal use, and even if they do, it is difficult to completely remove them. Therefore, in the process of using the computer, especially the database system containing some important information, we must strengthen the security management of the computer to make the computer running environment healthier.
1.3 management defects
Strict management is an important measure to protect enterprises, institutions and users' network systems from attacks. Many users' websites or systems are neglected in this respect, such as using fragile user passwords, downloading unverified software from insecure network sites indiscriminately, network security loopholes caused by untimely system upgrade, setting up dial-up servers inside firewalls, and not strictly restricting account authentication. It has created an opportunity for some lawless elements. Facts have proved that the security threat of internal users is far greater than that of external users, and users lack security awareness. The security vulnerability caused by human factors is undoubtedly the biggest hidden danger of the whole network security.
2 computer network security precautions
2. 1 Establish a network security management team
Technicians are an important force to ensure the security of computer networks. Through the joint efforts of network management technicians and users, the unsafe factors can be eliminated as much as possible. We are vigorously strengthening the construction of security technology and strengthening network security management. Those who deliberately create disasters must be dealt with severely according to the system. Only in this way, the security of computer network can be guaranteed, the reliability can be effectively improved and the interests of users can be guaranteed.
2.2 Improve the network security mechanism
In view of the problems existing in China's network security, China has successively promulgated the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Internet Website Operation and News Release, the Interim Measures for the Registration of Internet Domain Names in China, and the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services. This shows that the government attaches importance to and regulates network security issues. However, at present, management needs to be further strengthened, and we should focus on the implementation of these laws and regulations. According to China's national conditions, it is necessary to establish a network security prevention system in political, economic, military and cultural industries, increase investment, and increase the security protection of important data and information. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the training and popularization of network security education, increase the public's network security education, expand network security knowledge, enhance network security awareness, and consciously fight against bad phenomena. In this way, network security can be realized and the normal operation of the network can be guaranteed.
2.3 Strengthen network virus prevention and fix vulnerabilities in time.
The openness of the network not only brings convenience to people, but also is a way for computer viruses to spread and spread. With the continuous progress of computer technology, computer viruses have become more and more advanced and destructive, posing a great threat to the security of computer information systems. Therefore, computers must be equipped with anti-virus software to clean up and detect viruses in real time, especially key departments such as the army, government agencies and scientific research institutes should do a good job in virus prevention and control to ensure the safety and reliability of data and information in computers. When there are security risks and loopholes in the computer system, it is easy to be invaded by viruses and hackers, and the loopholes need to be fixed in time. First of all, it is necessary to know the security risks and vulnerabilities in the network, which can not be completed only by relying on the experience of administrators. The best solution is to use protection software, discover network vulnerabilities in time through scanning, conduct risk assessment on network security issues, repair and optimize them, solve system bugs, and achieve the purpose of protecting computer security.
3 computer information security precautions
3. 1 data encryption technology
Information encryption refers to a computer technology that encrypts some important data on the computer network and then restores it by compiling. It can encrypt confidential files, passwords, passwords and other important data content, so that illegal users can't read the information content, thus ensuring the security of these information in the process of use or transmission. According to the logical location of the application of encryption technology, the principle of data encryption technology can be divided into three levels: link encryption, endpoint encryption and node encryption.
Link encryption is to encrypt files below the network layer to protect the link information between network nodes; Endpoint encryption is to encrypt files above the network layer to protect data from source users to destination users; Node encryption is to encrypt files above the protocol transport layer to protect the transmission link between the source node and the destination node. According to the functional differences of encryption technology, it can be divided into data transmission, data storage, key management technology and data integrity authentication technology. According to the key required for encryption and decryption, it can be divided into symmetric encryption (private key encryption) and asymmetric encryption (public key encryption).
Symmetric encryption means that encryption and decryption need the same key, such as data encryption mark (DES) in the United States; Asymmetric encryption means that encryption and decryption keys are different. The decryption key required by this technology is held by users themselves, but the encryption key can be made public, such as RSA encryption technology. The protection of data information security by encryption technology is not the protection of system and hardware itself, but the protection of key, which is a very important issue in the process of information security management.
3.2 Firewall technology
In computer network security technology, setting firewall is one of the most widely used technologies at present. Firewall technology is a kind of isolation control technology, which refers to a protective barrier composed of computer hardware and software equipment between internal network and external network, private network and public network based on defined security policies.
(1) packet filtering technology. In the process of transmitting information data in the network, the target address, source address and port of each data packet are detected based on pre-specified filtering logic, filtered and selectively passed.
(2) Application of gateway technology. Connect the protected network with other networks through communication data security check software, and use this software to hide the protected network and protect its data from threats.
(3) State detection technology. Under the premise of not affecting the normal operation of the network, the engine that implements the network security policy at the gateway detects the network security state, extracts relevant information and data, and realizes the detection of all layers of network communication. Once the parameters of a connection are found to change unexpectedly, it will be terminated immediately, thus making it have good security features. As a barrier of network security, firewall technology can not only restrict external users' access to the internal network, but also give them permission in turn. It can effectively isolate some unsafe information in real time, prevent it from destroying important computer data and information, and avoid the disclosure of confidential information.
3.3 Identity authentication
Controlling users' access rights to computer information resources through identity authentication is an important technology to maintain the security of system operation and protect system resources. According to the user's authority, access control is carried out for different users. Its main task is to ensure that network resources are not illegally used and accessed, which is the key means to prevent illegal invasion by criminals. The main technical means are encryption control, network authority control, keyboard access control, logical security control and so on.
4 conclusion
Computer network security is a complex system engineering. With the increasing complexity of network security, computer network security needs to establish a multi-level and multi-channel protection system. It is necessary to adopt necessary security technology to resist the invasion of viruses and hackers, and at the same time, it is necessary to adopt rules and regulations to restrain people's behavior, so as to pay equal attention to management and technology. Only by facing up to the vulnerability and potential threats of the network, vigorously publicizing the importance of network security, constantly improving the relevant laws and regulations of network security, and improving the technical level of network security prevention, can the network security problem be truly solved.
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