? Paper Keywords: students; Happiness; ; experience
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Happiness is the basic right of students, and education should give students a happy experience. Unfortunately, due to the exam-oriented school education, students' school life is far from the happy experience, which leads to their popularity? Tired of learning? . The happiness of students is the happiness of healthy growth. In school education, we should try to avoid all factors that may endanger students' happiness, actively create conditions for students to experience happiness, and lay a solid foundation for students' future happiness. This is the educational road leading to students' happiness.
Happiness is the spiritual dimension of subject existence. ? Almost every thinker has discussed happiness at all times and in all countries. But, after careful study, almost all questions about happiness? From the definition, structure and types of happiness to its laws and rules? Until now, it is not clear that happiness is an eternal and new ethical issue. ? Although the exact definition of the concept of happiness is a difficult problem, the human desire for happiness has never stopped. As an outstanding cause of mankind, education should pay due attention to students' happiness and strive to bring happiness to every student. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to examine today's education from the ethical dimension of student happiness. In this article, I want to talk about my superficial views in order to seek advice from Fang Jia.
First of all, education must pay attention to students' happiness.
1. Pursuing happiness is the basic need of people. People who live in reality have various goals to pursue. All kinds of specific goals can be traced back, and the end point of traceability is happiness. So? For people, only happiness is self-sufficient. With happiness, we want nothing; We want nothing but happiness. ? At the same time, the individual's pursuit of happiness runs through the whole process of individual life from the time dimension, which has the characteristics of lifelong. The ultimate and lifelong nature of happiness makes it the ultimate goal of all human undertakings, including school education. Therefore, school education must pay attention to students' happiness and directly or indirectly improve students' happiness, otherwise it will violate the purpose of education as a human being.
People's pursuit of happiness is an important driving force for the continuous development of human society. Judging from the motive force of human development, a history of human development is such a history of pursuing happiness, and it is a history of reflecting on the meaning, way and content of human existence through the pursuit of happiness. ? Therefore, education, as a cause of human self-construction, should lead the next generation to pursue happiness and strive to improve people's ability to obtain happiness, otherwise it is dereliction of duty in education.
3. Education is an outstanding ethical cause of human beings, and students should be given a happy subjective experience. Education is the survival opportunity of growing teenagers, and campus life is an important part of their real life. Education, as a humanized undertaking, should regard students' happiness as an indispensable value goal of school education. From the perspective of the origin of education, recent commentators have put forward a new viewpoint, that is, education? Is it a self-development activity carried out by society in order to continue, or is it a kind of love offered by elders in social life for the happiness of the next generation? . The moral origin view of education shows that education and students' happiness have homology. So? The important goal of education is to make students happy, which can't be sacrificed for any unimportant interests. There should be no doubt about this. ? If school education ignores students' happiness, it is a major defect of educational goals.
4. Some deviations between current education and students' happiness require that education should pay special attention to students' happiness. Since modern times, scientific rationalism has prevailed. Driven by practical utility, education has evolved into technical training and indifferent moral preaching, gradually losing its spirituality and vitality and becoming the spirit of students? Chains? . The alienation of education has turned the happy teacher-student relationship into "a spiritual journey?" Our education has evolved into teachers and students? Total disaster? It also keeps education away from happiness and happiness. Therefore, it is the need of students' healthy growth and the rationality of education's own healthy development to confirm that happiness is an important goal of education and establish a substantive connection between happiness and education.
Second, how to realize the education devoted to students' happiness?
Education is an outstanding moral cause of mankind, and it is the inherent ethical requirement of education to make students happy through moral and rational practice. Guiding education with the concept of happiness has a very wide connotation. We believe that the education devoted to students' happiness should do something in improving students' practical experience and serving their long-term happiness, so as to promote the dialectical unity of present happiness and long-term happiness.
1. Improve students' learning experience and make them feel happy in the process of education. As a means to promote human development, education naturally serves the development interests of students. In this sense, all the goodness of education is to promote human development. In specific educational practice, the design and arrangement of educational activities should focus on the development of students. First of all, teachers need to change their roles, from traditional knowledge givers to promoters of students' learning and development, do everything possible to mobilize students' enthusiasm and give them real help in their studies; Secondly, fully care about students' study and life, solve problems for students in time, adjust students' mentality through specific measures such as counseling, and activate students' upward potential in life; Thirdly, grasping education in a human way means that the educated can no longer be regarded as? Tools? And think of it as. Things? To transform, process and cultivate the educated in that way, whether it is the educational content, educational method or the relationship between teachers and students, we should consciously infiltrate a sense of care and make it full of humanistic care and warmth. In a word, the functional orientation of education promotion is the institutional arrangement of education, the choice of contents and methods, and the possible influence on students must be considered in teachers' words and deeds, so as to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and strive to cultivate students into a new generation with perfect personality and healthy physical and mental development.
To pay attention to students' experience, we must reform the current educational evaluation method and put? Okay？ As the highest measure of educational evaluation rationality. First of all, the educational evaluation of goodness should conform to the principles of kindness, respect and justice. In other words, any evaluation must respect the student as a person, and oppose labeling the student as derogatory, humiliating the student and mocking the student. Secondly, we must change the traditional standardized procedure that obliterates individuality and establish an evaluation mechanism that allows individuality display and all-round development of quality. In many western countries, in order to prevent students from failing in their studies and seek more justice, we should take active measures? Difference principle? Poor students can be treated differently by specific teaching teachers, which effectively avoids the plight of poor students and is worth popularizing. Finally, any evaluation of students should be conducive to their development, and the successful incentive model should be the development model of educational evaluation. Because? The deepest need of human nature is to long for others to appreciate and praise? Therefore, it is the best educational strategy to fully mobilize students' subjective initiative and promote their good development to optimize students' state, adjust their emotions and stimulate their interest in learning and desire for knowledge. In a word, it is an important connotation of happiness education to let more students feel successful and have confidence in themselves and the future through the reform of educational evaluation.
2. Cultivate students' ability to create happiness and lay the foundation for students' lifelong happiness. The education devoted to students' happiness is not only to bring students instant laughter. As a future-oriented cause, education should have the magnanimity to plan students' happiness in life. To this end, education should pay attention to the following aspects:
(1) Cultivate students' correct view of happiness. Kant said: Happiness is a very uncertain concept. Although everyone wants to be happy, he can never be sure and always tell himself what he wants. ? Indeed, happiness always varies from person to person and from time to time. For example, whether learning is a pleasant experience or a heavy burden often depends on their subjective learning attitude, learning ability and other factors. If learning activities are active learning based on students' needs and interests, students will have positive emotional experiences such as stealing quickly and feeling satisfied. On the contrary, what if the students are? Forced? Learning will produce negative emotional experiences such as depression and pain, and there will be a heavy burden. Therefore, the generation of subjective well-being must depend on individual cognition and emotion, and on the formation of a correct view of happiness. For students, the happiness of education belongs to spiritual happiness and self-realization happiness. Students need to have a correct learning attitude and realize the value of learning in the process of consciously participating in school education and teaching activities in order to get happiness.
The happiness that education pays attention to should be the happiness of all mankind. As the British educator Hall pointed out: When a young man is educated to be the happiness of others, he is a person who has received spiritual education. Therefore, only when a person's understanding of happiness transcends vulgar practical interests and selfish interests can he learn from it? Virtue theory? Instead of. Instrumentalism? When he understood happiness from an ethical perspective, did he really grasp it? True meaning? .
(2) Cultivate students' ability to create happiness. The ethical connotation of educational happiness has never been manifested in the grand bearing and goal pursuit of planning a happy education for students' lives. ? As a special way of life, education should not only make people who live in it feel happy, but also enable people to acquire the ability to live better. Therefore, happiness is the natural pursuit of education. Education related to life happiness should go beyond knowledge and face life and meaning, go beyond design and face situations and traditions, go beyond modeling and move towards dialogue generation, go beyond entity and let teachers and students share happiness in communication, and go beyond adjudication and face students' development. ? Actually? Only when a person's ability to transform nature, himself and the material and spiritual world is fully exerted can he have a real sense of self-realization. Happiness is not an established existence, but a realistic creative activity. ? Therefore, the happiness of students pursued by education is the acquisition and continuous improvement of students' happiness generation ability.
From the immediate point of view, students' spontaneous ability of happiness requires students to participate in the whole process of education in a complete life form. Learning is the main task of students and an important part of all their spiritual life. From life? Integrity? On the one hand, education is required to restore students' complete life world, enrich their spiritual life and give them time and space to fully display their personality strength; On the other hand, students must devote themselves wholeheartedly to campus life, be moved by their hearts and be tolerant with love, so as to have the self-generating ability of happiness, and education happiness will become their true experience.
In the long run, the self-generating ability of students' happiness depends on education to give students the necessary knowledge and skills, so that they have the basic conditions to engage in certain professional activities; Relying on education to cultivate students' awareness of children, students, citizens and other roles, participate in social life and achieve social harmony; It is necessary to rely on education to cultivate students' correct goals in life, so that they can transcend practical utilitarianism and not be burdened by utilitarianism. In addition, school education should maintain students' beautiful vision of happiness in life and cultivate the basic qualities they need to create happiness in order to have the ability of lifelong happiness.
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