Chinese name: Edison. Full name: Thomas Alva Edison English name: Thomas Alva Edison (1847 ~ 193 1) is a world-famous American electrician and inventor, and is known as the "king of inventions". In addition to his inventions and contributions in phonograph, electric light, telegraph and film, he also has many famous creations and opinions in mining, architecture, chemical industry and other fields. Edison had about 2,000 inventions in his life, which made great contributions to the progress of human civilization. Edison was also a great entrepreneur. 1879, Edison founded "Edison Electric Lighting Company". 1880, incandescent lamps went on sale. 1890, Edison merged its various businesses into Edison General Electric Company. 189 1 year, Edison's thin filament and high vacuum incandescent bulb were patented. 1892, Tom? 6? 1 Houston merged with Edison Electric Lighting Company to form General Electric Company, which opened the hegemony of General Electric in the electric field for a century. Edison was born on February 1847+0 1 in Milan, Ohio, in the midwest of the United States. My father is descended from Dutch, and my mother is a primary school teacher, descended from Scots. When Edison was 7 years old, his father lost money in the tile business, so his family moved to Otterborg, a suburb north of Huron, Michigan. Shortly after moving here, Edison suffered from scarlet fever and was ill for a long time. It is believed that this disease is the cause of his deafness. Edison went to school at the age of eight, but after only three months of study, he was dismissed as an "imbecile" by his teacher and expelled from school (he was ordered to drop out of school for being "stupid"). From then on, his mother was his "mentor" and decided to teach his son to read and write, and to educate him to be honest, love his motherland and love mankind. Because of his mother's good educational methods, he took a keen interest in reading. He not only reads widely, but also reads all kinds of books. At the age of eight, he read the works of Shakespeare and Dickens, the most important playwrights in the English Renaissance, and many important historical books. By the age of nine, he could quickly read difficult books, such as Parker's philosophy of nature and experiment. Edison's earliest interest in natural science was in chemistry. 10 years old, he loved chemistry. He collected about 200 bottles and saved every penny to buy chemicals and put them in bottles. At the age of 1 1, he experimented with his first telegram. In order to make money to buy chemicals and equipment, he began to work. At the age of 12, he got a job selling newspapers on the train and traveled between Portron, Michigan and Detroit. While selling newspapers, he also deals in fruits and vegetables. Whenever he is free, he goes to the library to read books. 186 1 year, the American civil war broke out. Edison, who just turned 14 years old, bought an old money printing machine and used the convenience of taking the train to run a tabloid (weekly) Herald to convey the war situation and news along the way. The first weekly was printed on the train. He is also a journalist, editor, typesetter, proofreader, printer and publisher. The tabloids are very popular, and he also gained talent, knowledge and experience from his intense work, and earned a lot of money to continue his chemical experiments. With the money he earned, he set up a chemistry laboratory on the baggage car. Unfortunately, when he was doing an experiment on the train, the train suddenly bumped, causing a piece of phosphorus to fall on the board and cause burning. The conductor came to put out the fire and gave him a heavy slap, which made his left ear deaf. He was kicked off the train when Edison was 16 years old. Another way of saying it is: Unfortunately, once a chemical caught fire, he was thrown out of the car with his equipment. Another time, when Edison tried to board a freight train, a conductor grabbed him by the ear and helped him get on the train. This action led to Edison's lifelong deafness. ) Reference: When Edison 12 years old, he began to sell newspapers on the train. He catches the early train to Detroit every day, and then takes the late train back to Port Huron at 9 pm. Edison, when he was young, got on the train to sell newspapers. On the one hand, he is tired of studying at school; On the other hand, he can accumulate a sum of research and experimental funds for his own control. During the afternoon break in Detroit, he can also read many science books in the city library. Edison, 12 years old, built his own small laboratory in the corner of the luggage compartment with the help of the train conductor. It was not until an experiment caught fire that Edison finished his original scientific experiment in the train laboratory. Frustration did not discourage Edison. He fell in love with the telegraph again. After repeated research, he invented the automatic power recorder at 1868, which was his first invention. Later, he invented two new types of telegrams. 1877, he invented the carbon telephone transmitter to make the original telephone sound clearer. In addition, he invented the phonograph. People call him a magician. 1878 In September, Edison began to study electric lights when he was 3 1 year old. At that time, the gas lamp had replaced the kerosene lamp, but the flame flickered and when it was extinguished, it would produce harmful gas; Arc lamp has also been invented and used in public places, but it is not suitable for indoor use because it hisses when burning and is too bright. At that time, many European and American scientists were already exploring to make a new and stable luminous body. Edison studied the arc lamp and announced that he could invent a satisfactory lamp, but he needed money. At that time, he was a man with 170 invention patents, and his inventions brought huge profits to capitalists, so a consortium was willing to provide him with financial assistance. After thousands of failures, in April of 1879, he improved the rod-shaped and tubular lamps of his predecessors and made a glass ball. 1879 65438+1Oct. 2 1 He fixed a carbon-treated cotton thread in a glass bulb, pumped out air, sealed the mouth, applied current to make it glow, and a new lighting object appeared. From 1880 to 1882, Edison designed light sockets, buttons, fuses, current breakers, electric meters, chandeliers, and also designed main line and branch line systems, making the world's largest generator at that time, establishing the first power plant in new york and opening up the first civil lighting system. Later, he and george eastman invented the movie camera together. Edison's three great inventions: the phonograph, the electric light and power system and the movie camera enriched and improved the civilized life of mankind. Edison died in 65438 at the age of 82. However, so far no one can break his record of holding 1093 invention patents, and people call him the king of invention. Li Ka-shing, male, Han nationality. 1928 was born in Zujia (now Xiangqiao District), No.5 Beimen Street Lane, Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province ⊕ 1928 was born in Chaozhou, Guangdong Province on July 29th, and his father was a primary school principal. ⊕ 1932, entered⊕1940 in September. In order to escape the oppression of the Japanese invaders, the whole family fled to Hong Kong to visit relatives and friends. At the end of the year, I entered a middle school in Hong Kong to attend junior high school. His father Li died of illness. In order to support his mother and three younger brothers and sisters, Li Ka-shing was forced to drop out of school to make a living in society. Li Ka-shing is a salesman in a toy manufacturing company. Although busy with work, Li Ka-shing, who dropped out of school, still went to night school to study and catch up with culture in his spare time. 1948, due to diligence and cleverness, he was promoted to the general manager of plastic toy factory before he was 20 years old. 1950, Li Ka-shing seized the opportunity to set up his own plastic factory in Shau Kei Wan with the $7,000 he usually saved. He named it "Changjiang Plastic Factory". ⊕ 1958, Li Ka-shing bought a piece of land in North Point to build a factory building with a height of 12, and officially entered the real estate market. With its unique vision and shrewd development strategy, "Changjiang" has quickly become a major real estate development and investment industrial company in Hong Kong. ⊕ 1963, married Ms. Zhuang Yueming. Li Zeju, the eldest son of Kloc-0/964, was born in August. Li Zekai, the second son of ⊕ 1966, was born in June of 10. Left-wing riots, land prices plummeted, and Li bought a lot of land reserves at a low price. ⊕ 1972, "Changjiang Industry" went public, and its shares were oversubscribed by 65 times. By the end of 1970s, he had stood out among the tycoons of his generation. ⊕ 1978 Meeting with Deng Xiaoping. ⊕ 1979, "Cheung Kong Industrial" announced that it had reached an agreement with HSBC to buy a 22.4% stake in Hutchison Whampoa, an established British-funded firm, at a cost of 620 million yuan from HSBC Group, thus making Li Ka-shing the first China person to buy a British-funded firm. ⊕ 1984, "Changjiang Industry" purchased the controlling stake of "Hongkong Electric Company". ⊕ 1986 March into Canada and purchase more than half of the rights and interests of Haschi oil. ⊕ 1987, together with two Chinese tycoons, Lee Shau Kee and Zheng Yutong, successfully won the development right of the former site of the 86 Vancouver World Expo. 1990, Mrs. Zhuang Yueming passed away. ⊕ 1994 The after-tax profit of the enterprises managed reached 2.8 billion US dollars. ⊕ 1995, the total market value of three listed companies under Changjiang industrial group in June 5438+February has exceeded $42 billion. ⊕ 1999, the after-tax profit of Changjiang industrial group reached10.85 billion Hong Kong dollars. In 2000, the total market value of Changjiang Industrial Group was about HK$ 81200 million.