Name: CFA- Certified Financial Analyst FRM- Financial Risk Manager Certificate Usage: CFA focuses on the company's front-office business: investment analysis and asset allocation FRM focuses on the company's middle and back-office business: asset allocation, risk measurement and monitoring risk object: CFA deals with people, Active, radical and adventurous, FRM's quiet and stable living environment (banking) is relatively strong in subject technology: similarity-(1) quantitative analysis (the mathematics part is very similar to CFA's level I and II difficulty) (2)FRM's financial foundation is difference-(1) CFA's financial asset pricing (2)CFA pays more attention to it. FRM focuses on analyzing operational risk, credit risk, market risk and portfolio risk. For information and consultation about CFA and FRM, please visit CFA website and Rongshi International Education website in China or their forums, where the information may be more comprehensive. First of all, cfa, at least in North America, is highly recognized in the financial industry. Many colleagues in the company are desperately trying to get cfa, but the people who pass it are also high. Every time I chat with them and say that I have passed cfalevel3, they will be surprised and say, then why don't you change to a better job? In fact, according to my own observation, cfa is certainly far more helpful to foreigners' career development than to China students. Because whether you are an analyst in a bank or a consultant in other institutions in the future, the most important consideration is your communication ability. In this respect, we are far behind the white people whose mother tongue is English. For a simple example, in North America, white people must be given priority in the work of analysts, and Chinese people must be given priority in the work of accountants. On the other hand, the goal of frm is risk management. Basically, all the holders work in the risk management team of the bank. They like to hire people from China because they don't require much communication, mainly dealing with numbers. In the risk control teams of major banks, the proportion of Chinese is very high. For example, Wang Yong, deputy governor of Royal Bank of Canada, is engaged in risk management and has climbed up step by step. However, the requirements of risk control on mathematics are very, very high. If you don't have a solid foundation in mathematics, taking the cross-disciplinary frm exam will not help your future development at all. Because I feel that the interview of risk control is more about your mathematical foundation than whether there is frm. In addition, the work of risk control is relatively boring, and the starting salary is generally only about 70,000 US dollars. After that, the development space is limited. As for investment banks, I and others understand that the only way for international students to enter the top investment banks in North America (except for small investment banks, of course, there are too many investment banks in North America) is the prestigious mba. As for whether you have cfa certificate or not, I think the wrong employer doesn't care at all. CFA and FRM are relatively simple. CFA undergraduate students can only take the first-level test center. It takes two years of work experience to complete the FRM exam within five years, and FRM can complete the exam in two months at my level, so I suggest taking the exam again as soon as possible. As for the actuarial science in North China, there are far more people taking the exam than CFA and FRM, because the insurance industry is underdeveloped in 2000, resulting in fewer actuarial posts. If you want to develop actuarial science, you must take the exam. The advantage of taking the actuarial examination is that it will be easier to take the CFA after taking the actuarial examination. It is also very important that if you don't want to study economics and finance as an undergraduate, the job you will find after graduation will be poor (for example, you won't use any model of risk management department), because the core departments of financial institutions are all from science and engineering (mathematics and telecommunications are more), and this science is better in mathematics, statistics or computers. In short, I feel that in North America, career development is relevant. Experience > school > certificate. If you just want to find a living job, it is really helpful to get a certificate. If you want to develop to vp level, I suggest you focus on improving your language and expanding your contacts. Next, let's talk about China. I didn't find a job in China myself, and I have rich experience in this field. But many friends around me have returned to China to work in finance. Through the communication with them, I feel that domestic financial-related work, especially high-end work, whether cfa or frm, is still very helpful. First of all, look at the gold content and international recognition of CFA certificate from the following data; Examination content: 1. Professional ethics, 2. Quantitative analysis, 3. Economics (Mike Parkin Edition), Volume 4. Analysis of financial statements. Corporate finance, 6. Analysis of fixed income securities, 7. Analysis of equity investment, 8. Analysis and application of derivatives, 9. Other investment analysis, 10. 1. The Securities and Futures Commission (SEC) recognizes that CFA charter qualification is equivalent to the seventh series of legal qualifications of American securities practitioners. 2. The new york Stock Exchange (NYSE) of the United States grants CFA franchisees the professional qualification of American securities analysts, and only needs to take the securities rules part of the securities analyst examination. 3. The American Institute of Accountants (AICPA) can obtain AICPA's professional qualification of business valuation (ABV) only by taking the half-day AccreditedinBusinessValuation Examination for CFA chartered holders. 4. The Securities Investment Association of the United Kingdom (SII) grants CFA charter holders, who can directly obtain the membership (MSI) of the Securities Investment Association of the United Kingdom (SII) or meet relevant experience requirements to become senior members (FSI). Top ten CFA Association member companies: Bank of America, CIBC, FidelityInvestments, GoldmanSachs, Merrill Lynch &; Ltd., Morgan Stanley, PrudentialCapitalGroup, RBC, DominionSecuritiesInc and Solomon Smith Barney Wellington Management Company were CFA certification bodies as of May 4, 1965. A total of eleven universities in Chinese mainland have become cooperative universities of CFA Association: Peking University: Master of Finance Tsinghua University: Master of Finance Fudan University: Master of Finance Shanghai Jiaotong University: Master of Finance MBA, Master of Finance China Renmin University: Master of Finance university of international business and economics: Experimental Class for Finance (CFA Direction) Zhongnan University of Economics and Law: Experimental Class for Finance (CFA Direction) Central University of Finance and Economics: Master of Finance Sun Yat-sen University: Master of Finance, Bachelor of Finance Southwestern University of Finance and Economics: Bilingual Major in Finance Shanghai University: MBA in Finance Judging from the above data, if he is accepted, he will be more interested in hiring cfaholder.