The memory formula of Gagne's nine teaching items: attracting students' attention, prompting teaching objectives, arousing past experience, presenting teaching content, providing learning guidance, demonstrating learning behavior, timely feedback, evaluating learning results, strengthening memory and learning transfer.

Provide study guidance:

1. Pay attention when giving guidance: when students don't understand factual questions such as names and places, they can give direct guidance and tell students the correct answers directly. For logical questions related to students' experience, we can provide indirect guidance, that is, give students some hints or hints, encourage students to further reason and get answers.

2. In indirect guidance, we should adopt different methods according to the individual differences of students. For students with strong ability and independent personality, we should give less guidance and encourage them to solve problems by themselves. For students with poor ability and personality dependence, we should give more guidance until we get the correct answer.

Show learning behavior:

This stage requires students to understand what they have learned in some way. Teachers can judge whether students have learned according to the three lines of students' behavior: eyes and expressions; Designate student representatives at any time to tell the answers to their studies or questions; Check the understanding of the class according to the students' homework.

Gagne:

1, Gagne (19 16-2002), American educational psychologist; 19 16 was born in north andover, Massachusetts, USA. It turns out that he is a psychologist trained by behavioral psychology. In the later period of his academic career, he absorbed the thoughts of information processing psychology and constructivist cognitive learning psychology, and formed a learning theory that pays equal attention to both theory and technical operation.

2. This theory explains most classroom learning and puts forward practical teaching steps. As a representative figure of information processing,/kloc-0 won the Thorndike Prize in Educational Psychology in 1974, and/kloc-0 won the "Applied Psychology Award" from the American Psychological Association in 1982.

3. With the development and influence of natural science, psychology is separated from philosophy and becomes an independent discipline. Using the method of natural science to conduct research is called scientific psychology. At the beginning, scientific psychology paid special attention to the preliminary evaluation method of natural science, and the research objects focused on the learning and memory of mechanical meaningless materials, conditioned responses of people and animals and other fields.