1. Marketization: Industrialization and marketization of education have become the trend of global education reform. Many countries began to adopt market-oriented mechanism, introduce competition mechanism and market rules, and encourage privatization, autonomy and diversification to improve the quality and efficiency of education.

2. Decentralization: Education reform began to pay attention to the independent management and professional development of schools and teachers, trying to reduce government intervention in education and improve the autonomy and sense of responsibility of schools and teachers.