Introduction to the composition of Jingzhou ancient city 1.
Jingzhou Ancient City is a scenic spot in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. It has four old city gates and a new south gate in the southeast and northwest. There are mysterious temples, Guandi Temple and Tiannv Temple in the city. Jingzhou ancient city was built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It used to be the official ship dock of Chu State and Zhu Gong, and later it became the county seat of Jiangling County, where the original city outline appeared. As one of the origin centers of Chu culture, a large number of precious cultural relics have been unearthed around the ancient city of Jingzhou, including the ancient corpse of the Western Han Dynasty, the silk book of the Warring States period, and the sword of Gou Jian, the King of Yue. The ancient city of Jingzhou has a long history, including not only the poems and songs of Liu Yuxi, Li Bai and Zhang Jiuling, but also the special foods such as Jingjiang duck, phoenix hidden in the snow and fish cake, which are unforgettable.
Jingzhou is located in the south-central part of Hubei Province, and there is a saying that "Jingzhou is lost by carelessness". Jingzhou is one of the first national historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council, which preserves many places of interest, the most famous of which is the ancient city of Jingzhou, with four old gates in the southeast and northwest and a new south gate. There are mysterious temples, Guandi Temple and Tiannv Temple in the city. In Jingzhou, there are many historical sites related to the story of the Three Kingdoms. Jinan city, 5 kilometers north of the city, was the capital of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and it was well preserved. Jingzhou is located in the north latitude11150-114050, and the north latitude is 29 260-31370. Located in the south-central part of Hubei Province, in the hinterland of Jianghan Plain, the Yangtze River traverses the city from west to east, with a total length of 483 kilometers. Jingzhou is connected to Wuhan in the east, Yichang in the west, Changde in Hunan in the south and Jingmen and Xiangfan in the north. The total area is 1.4 1 000 square kilometers, of which the plain lake area accounts for 78.7% and the hilly and low mountainous area accounts for 2 1. 1%. The city has jurisdiction over Jingzhou, Shashi District 2, Jiangling, Gongan and Jianli counties, and Songzi, Shishou and Honghu cities. There are 1 19 townships and 18 sub-district offices, with a total of 3,398 village (neighborhood) committees and 24,835 villagers' groups.
Jingzhou Municipal Government attaches great importance to the protection of cultural relics and environmental improvement of Jingzhou City Wall, raising a total of 65.438+0.3 billion yuan to demolish about 300,000 square meters of illegal buildings within the protection scope of Jingzhou City Wall, build inner and outer ring roads, dredge moats, treat sewage and improve the surrounding environment. Since 2004, we have been committed to declaring the world cultural heritage. In 2005, through the Hubei Provincial Government, the Preparatory List of World Cultural Heritage was formally submitted to National Cultural Heritage Administration. On June 5438+ 10, 2007, National Cultural Heritage Administration agreed to include the Jingzhou City Wall and the four Ming and Qing City Walls of Xi 'an, Nanjing and Xingcheng in the China World Cultural Heritage Reserve List.
The composition instruction of Jingzhou ancient city II
Jingzhou is located in the south-central part of Hubei Province, in the hinterland of Jianghan Plain, bordering Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in the east, Changde, Yueyang and Yiyang in Hunan Province in the south and Jingmen in the north. It has jurisdiction over Jingzhou and Shashi, three counties of public security, Jianli and Jiangling, and three cities of Songzi, Honghu and Shishou. The total land area is 483 square kilometers and the total population is 6.3 million.
Jingzhou City was formed as early as the Xia Dynasty more than 4000 years ago. It is one of Kyushu, which Dayu decided to control water, because it has a large jurisdiction, including Hubei, Hunan, the junction of Guangdong and Guangxi, and Nanyang Basin in Henan, and it is backed by the Jingshan Mountain Range in the west of Nanzhang County, Hubei Province. At that time, according to the practice of naming places by mountains and rivers, the ancients named it Jingzhou. The city is characterized by one city and two cities, namely Jingzhou City and Jiangling City. The origin of Jiangling City is Jiangling County, which was established more than 2,600 years ago. The word Jiangling means "there are no mountains in the distance, and all ports are nearby", that is, there are no mountains in the distance, and there are mountains and water nearby. The poem "A Thousand Miles of Jiangling Return in One Day" is about this city.
Now our location is Shashi District, Jingzhou City. I wonder if any friends here have been to Shashi? Shashi used to be a light industrial city, especially the textile industry. There were several famous enterprises, such as Vitality 28, which I think everyone should know. In addition, Shashi was not called Shashi at the earliest time, but Shashi, probably because there are more stones here. It turned out to be a busy pier on the Yangtze River. As early as 1895, one of the treaty of shimonoseki signed by the Qing government and Britain was to open five trading ports on the Yangtze River, so Shashi was one of these five trading ports.
Jingzhou is the birthplace of Chu culture, the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms, and the center of the revolutionary base areas in western Hunan and Hubei. It is one of the first 24 famous historical and cultural cities in China announced by the State Council. Located in the Three Gorges Tourism Line, the Ancient Three Kingdoms Tourism Line and the Chu Culture Tourism Line, there are many cultural landscapes and historical sites all over the city. The national key cultural relics protection units include Jigongshan Site, Nanchucheng, Baling Mountain Ancient Tomb, Jingzhou Ancient City Wall and the former site of the revolutionary base in western Hunan and Hubei. There are 32 provincial key cultural relics protection units and more than 500 municipal 9 (county) key cultural relics protection units. Jingzhou has always been a battleground for military strategists. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei, Shu and Wu Wei captured Jingzhou, leaving not only many touching stories such as "Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou" and "Guan Yu lost Jingzhou", but also a large number of sites of the Three Kingdoms. There are mainly Guan Gong's Dianjiangtai and Ma Paoquan in Jiangling, Caocaowan and Wulinzhai in Honghu, Longgang and Huarong Road in Jianli, Lin Xiu Town and Langpu Liu in Shishou, and Mrs Sun's City in Public Security. Jingzhou City has a well-preserved ancient city wall, which has been around for more than 1800 years. The scale of existing cities is well preserved, which is unique to my visit to the south and rare in the whole country. There are Kaiyuan Temple and Xuanmiao Temple built in Tang Dynasty, Taihui Temple built in Ming Dynasty, Confucian Temple, Guanmiao Temple and Tiannv Temple built in Qing Dynasty. According to archaeological findings, Jingzhou was an area where primitive people lived as early as 5,000 years ago, and Jigongshan in the north of the city was a Paleolithic site of 500,000-200,000 years ago. Five or six thousand years ago, mankind created splendid Qujialing culture and Shijiahe culture in Jingzhou. After the Spring and Autumn War, bronze smelting technology, forged cast iron technology, silk embroidery technology and lacquerware technology were at the leading level in the world. Laozi and Zhuangzi's philosophy, Chu Ci literature, music and dance also boarded the palace of ancient world civilization. In and around Jinan, the capital of Chu, there are 5 sites of Chu city, 83 sites of Chu culture and more than 800 large-scale ancient tombs, among which the tomb of Chu king 18. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang said that Jingzhou "is bordered by Han Mian in the north, benefiting the South China Sea, Wu Hui in the east and Bashu in the west, which is an excessive use of troops." Many politicians and military strategists from Wei, Shu and Wu fought bravely around Jingzhou, leaving behind countless well-known stories and many scenic spots in the Three Kingdoms.
Jingzhou Ancient City Composition Instruction 3
Jingzhou has been outstanding since ancient times and is known as "only Chu Youcai". Qu Yuan, one of the four famous historical and cultural figures in the world, worked here for more than 20 years. Qu Yuan is one of the four cultural celebrities in the world, an outstanding writer in China, the earliest great patriotic poet, a great politician, thinker, diplomat and reformer. Qu Yuan, whose real name is Ping, whose original word is also called Regular, has a smart expression. "Constant" means "flat" and "spiritual equality" means "original" and "legal land". During the Warring States Period, Chu people were born in Canggang, Hanshou. Born on the seventh day of the first month in 340 BC, he died on May 5, 278 BC at the age of 62. Qu Yuan is the first royal family in Chu State (Zhao, Qu and Jing) after Xiong Tong. King Wu sealed the second son's "rebellion" in the place where he turned, which is the situation of Hanshou today. "Defect" took "Qu" as its school name and later became "Qu" as its surname. It has been more than 500 years since he defected to Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan's grandfather, a Quyi T-shirt, was Sima when he was king, but Mo Ao when he was emperor. Qu Yuan's father, Qu Gai, was the commander-in-chief of the most elite "Shen Xi" division in Chu.
Qu Yuan entered the Male Monkey No.1 Middle School when he was a child. He is very clever and never forgets anything. He studied hard day and night and accumulated a lot of knowledge about literature, history, mythology and astronomy. In addition, his parents are very strict with his education, and he is recognized as the best among the royal children.
When Qu Yuan was young, he was good at governing the country and rhetoric. Having both ability and political integrity, he is a descendant of King Wu, and Chu Huaiwang highly values him. He was elected to the royal family at the age of 18. At the age of 20, he was ordered to go to Qi for the first time (the ambassador was quite a doctor) and successfully completed the important task of the six-nation alliance. At the age of 22, he was appointed as a left disciple (teacher, secretary-general of Wang), ranking second only to Lingyin (prime minister). He and Chu Huaiwang "made a promise", that is, they swore to heaven that the monarch and his subjects would live forever. He participated in major decisions on Wang Huai's domestic and foreign affairs. He actively advocated the laws of Wang Ming. Recommend talents, unite against Qin, unify China and realize "American politics", and are willing to adopt them. However, the aristocratic group headed by Zheng Xiu was jealous of Qu Yuan, opposed the reform, tried to destroy him and exiled him in a chaotic way. At this time, Qu Yuan was about 30 years old.
After leaving Beijing, Qu Yuan is on his way to Jiangnan. When Qin Wei attacked Chu, he thought of Qu Yuan, so he sent someone to look for him. So he ordered him to go out for the second time and join forces with Qin. With his talent and impeccable eloquence, he persuaded Qi Xuanwang in one fell swoop. However, after Zhang Yi colluded with Nan, he once again vilified Qu Yuan. Wang Huai flew into a rage and was appointed as Dr. San Lv, who was responsible for the related affairs of the royal family's three surnames, genealogy, sacrifice and education. Although he is in a high position, he cannot see the king. When he went to the State of Qin for an appointment, Qu Yuan, who looked haggard, knelt on the roadside and cried to persuade him. But was pushed to the ground by the treacherous court official Shanxi merchants and left by car. The evil result was that Wang Huai was detained, imprisoned for three years and died in the State of Qin. At this time, Qu Yuan was 42 years old.
When Qu Yuan heard that Chu Huaiwang's coffin had been shipped back, he went to Beijing to help the coffin and wept bitterly, and suggested breaking diplomatic relations with Qin. Wang Xiang wanted to go, but failed. Instead, he married the daughter of the king of Qin and admitted that the thief was his father. Qu Yuan desperately asked for an audience, but he met Zilan at the gate of the palace. He loudly condemned Zilan. The next day, Zilan tried her best to bring Qu Yuan to Wang Xiang. Wang Xiang was furious, so he dismissed his position as a doctor in San Lv and exiled him to Jiangnan for a long time. He is over 50 years old.
Qu Yuan left Du Ying and went down the Yangtze River, full of grief and indignation, and wrote Li Sao. While wandering, he wrote "Evocation of Soul" and set up a coffin to recite this poem to worship Wang Huai. After that, I went to Dongting and Yuanshui and returned to my hometown Hanshou Canggang to live for a long time. During this period, he wandered around the rivers and lakes every day and recited poems alone. He is sallow and emaciated, and his figure is haggard. One day, I met a fisherman by the Canglang River and wrote The Fisherman. Later, when he left home for Xiangshui, Qin Jun broke the capital. Hearing the news, he was more worried about the country and the people, and his heart was on fire. He wrote his last poem "Huai Sha", which showed his unswerving determination to die rather than surrender. On May 5, he sank into Guluo River, at the age of 62. As soon as people in Canggang, his hometown, heard that Qu Yuan had thrown himself into the river, they immediately went to Guluo to fish for the body and threw the wrapped zongzi into the river to prevent ichthyosaurs from hurting the body. It has become a traditional custom to race the dragon boat every year, including jiaozi.
From 65438 to 0953, on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, activities to commemorate Qu Yuan were widely carried out in China. In September of the same year, the World Peace Council held a meeting to commemorate Qu Yuan and called on people all over the world to learn from him.
Qu Yuan wrote 25 songs of Chu that won glory for the sun and the moon, 23 of which were written in his hometown of Canggang. Li Sao is a masterpiece of China's poetry. This is also a world-famous epic, which has been translated into many countries. The portraits of Qu Yuan are still hung in libraries in many countries. Guo Feng and Li Sao are both called "coquettish", and even poets are called "poets". During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period, May 5th was designated as "Poets' Day".
Although Qu Yuan has left us for 2283 years, his works are the spiritual wealth of people all over the world and have far-reaching historical significance. It has great practical significance. We should not only remember him from generation to generation, but also publicize and study him seriously. We should learn from his persistent thought of forging ahead, loyal and noble character, indomitable will to die and great spirit of patriotism and love for the people.
The composition instruction of Jingzhou ancient city 4
Zhang, an "outstanding prime minister" of the Ming Dynasty, was born in Huguang Jiangling (now Hubei), also known as Zhang Jiangling. Politicians and reformers in Ming Dynasty. In the 26th year of Jiajing (1547), he was a scholar, from an editor to a professor of Hanlin affairs. In the first year of Qin Long (1567), he served as the left assistant minister of the official department and a college student in Dongge. Qin Long and high arch together of the time, is the official department minister and build machine hall university student ZaiFu. In the early years of Wanli, he conspired with eunuch Bao Feng to hunt down Gao Gong and recorded it. At that time, Zongshen was still young, and all military and political affairs were in charge of Juzheng. During the period of 10, a series of reform measures were implemented and achieved certain results. He inspected the hidden fields of landlords, implemented the whip law, changed the tax system, and improved the financial situation of the Ming government. Use Qi Jiguang, Li and other famous soldiers to train, strengthen the northern border defense, and guard the border town to pacify; Pan Jixun presided over the governance of Huanghuai, which was also quite effective. In the 10th year of Wanli (1582), he died and presented Zhu Guo and Shi Wenzhong. Shortly after his death, he was attacked by eunuch Rizo and conservative bureaucrats and took his home. Reputation will not be restored until the apocalypse. He is the author of Collected Works of Zhang Taiyan and Classic Books. The literary genius of the "Public Security School" is Sanyuan, and contemporary famous writers Cao Yu, Zou Difan and Ouyang Shan are all from Jingzhou.
Jingzhou has developed land and water transportation and increasingly complete communication equipment. Trunk highway 1569, netcom mileage 4099.18km, 28 bus lines in the central city, road network length1.38km ... 207, 318km, Yihuang Highway run through the whole territory. Jiaozhi and Jingsha railways pass through the territory. With the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River as the main waterways, water transportation is convenient. It has modern communication equipment such as program-controlled telephone, optical fiber communication, color TV telephone and digital microwave. At the same time, there are post and telecommunications services in more than 50 countries and regions around the world.
The composition instruction of Jingzhou ancient city 5
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen!
Today we will visit the famous ancient city Jingzhou.
"I want to go to Jingzhou as soon as I listen to the Three Kingdoms." When you mention Jingzhou, you will naturally think of the well-known stories of the Three Kingdoms: Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou, Lu Su begged Jingzhou, Monroe attacked Jingzhou, and Guan Yu lost Jingzhou. There are 120 chapters of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, 72 of which involve Jingzhou. For thousands of years, people came to the ancient city of Jingzhou to mourn and visit, asking about the history of the Three Kingdoms. As your on-site tour guide, I am honored to take this opportunity to show you the historical picture of the evolution and development of Jingzhou ancient city over the past two thousand years.
We are now located outside the east gate of Jingzhou city. The river dozens of meters wide in front of us is the moat. During the war, it was a natural barrier against the enemy's siege. Now, on this river, a grand international dragon boat invitational tournament is held every year. Before entering the city, please allow me to introduce you to the historical background of the ancient city of Jingzhou.
Jingzhou city, also known as Jiangling city. It is the best preserved ancient city in the south of China at present, and it is also one of the first 24 historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council 1982. 1996, Jingzhou ancient city wall was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit; In 2000, Jingzhou, centered on the ancient city of Jingzhou, was named as an excellent tourist city in China by the National Tourism Administration.
Looking back at the history of Jingzhou, it can be said that it is closely related to the 5,000-year history of civilization in China. As we all know, the Chinese nation is a descendant of China. After the Yellow Emperor and the tribes merged to unify China, Jingzhou was one of the ancient Kyushu, which was divided into Kyushu (Ji, Yan, Qing, Xu, Yang, Jing, Yu, Liang and Yong).
The name "Jingzhou" was first seen in the ancient book Shangshu in the Warring States Period. In Gong Yu, "Jing and Hengyang are only Jingzhou". At that time, Jingzhou was a large area, and Chu rose in Jingzhou during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. According to historical records, in the eighth year of King Zhouzhuang (689 BC), King Chu Wen moved his capital to Jinan City, five kilometers north of Jingzhou today. Chu established its capital here for 465,438+065,438+0 years, and experienced 20 kings before and after, creating a Chu culture as beautiful as the Central Plains culture in the Yellow River valley and comparable to ancient Greece and Rome. According to legend, during the reign of Wang Cheng, King of Chu (67 BC1-525 BC), in order to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the Yangtze River, a palace and a palace boat pier were built in Jingzhou City, which is the embryonic form of Jingzhou City today. In the twenty-ninth year of Qin Dynasty (278 BC), the famous Qin commander Bai Qi led his troops to attack Chu and occupied the area between Jianghan. Qin immediately established Nanjun in Chu, which was one of the 36 counties in China at that time. Later, Qin established Jiangling County in the place where Jingzhou City is now located, which was called "Jiangling" because it is near the river and there are no mountains in the near state. In BC 106, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established Jingzhou Secretariat, which was one of the thirteen states in China. Since then, Jingzhou has become the name of administrative division.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, Jingzhou has become an important town where the king appointed the government. It has always been under the jurisdiction of the state and county level, and some dynasties have established their capitals here. During the Three Kingdoms period, this was the key to hegemony. Sun and Liu joined forces to defeat at Chibi, and Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou from Sun Quan the following year, which laid the foundation for the rapid development of Shu power. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there were 1 1 disputed princes in Andi, kings in Qi and Emperor, Liang, You and Sui in the Southern Dynasties, and Nanping kings in the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries in the Late Tang Dynasty, which lasted for more than 100 years. Jingzhou, the capital of Tang Dynasty, was called "South County", echoing the north and south of Chang 'an City. After the establishment of the Song Dynasty, Jiangling House was built here. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Jiangling House was changed to Daoist General House. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Jingzhou Prefecture was established. The Qing dynasty followed the Ming system. During the Republic of China, Jingzhou was the fourth administrative region of Hubei Province. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Jingzhou is the seat of Jingzhou Commissioner's Office and jiangling county People's Government. 1994, the former Jingzhou area merged with Shashi City to form Jingsha City, and 1997 was renamed Jingzhou City. Jingzhou City is the seat of Jingzhou District in six counties and two districts of Jingzhou City.
Jingzhou city is located in the world, where rivers and lakes meet, and has always been a battleground for military strategists. Zhuge Liang once said: "Jingzhou is a martial country, which is bordered by Han Mian and Li in the north, Wu and Hui in the east and Ba and Shu in the west." Emperor Gaozu, a loyal man, Guan Yu, Zhou Yu, Lu Meng, Lu Xun, and Tao Kan in the Jin Dynasty all guarded Jingzhou. Historical celebrities Xie Lingyun and Bao Zhao, Jin poets Zhang Jiuling and Zhang Jian, enlightened prime ministers Han Yu and Yuan Zhen in Tang Dynasty, great writers and great statesman Wang Anshi in Song Dynasty all held different positions in Jingzhou. In addition, many major peasant uprisings in the past dynasties also took Jingzhou as an important goal, such as Wang Kuang and Simomo in the late Western Han Dynasty, Huang Chao in the late Tang Dynasty, Chen Youliang in the late Yuan Dynasty, Li Zicheng and Zhang in the late Ming Dynasty.
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