In the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government appointed Cecilia Cheung and Zhang Zhidong successively to formulate two academic systems, namely "Renyin Academic System" and "Guimao Academic System", which were named according to the year of promulgation.

Renyin, pronounced as rén yín (initial r, y, vowel en, in), is the constitution of the King James School, which was promulgated in 1902 (the year of Renyin) but not implemented.

Guimao, pronounced gu ǐ m ǐ o (initial g, m, vowel ui, ao, three tones), is the constitution of the school, which was implemented in 1903 (Guimao year).

Extended data

Characteristics of Renyin Academic System

(1) Based on Japanese academic system;

(2) Although officially announced, it has not been implemented.

Nature: The first systematic educational system in the modern educational history of China, and the first one officially promulgated by the state in the modern educational history of China.

Characteristics of Guimao academic system

(1) mainly inherited the Japanese academic system;

(2) The education system is divided into three parts and five grades;

(3) The biggest feature of this academic system is the long study period;

(4) The educational system clearly embodies the idea of "taking middle school as the body and western learning as the use".

Nature: The first educational system in the history of modern education in China, which was promulgated by the state and implemented nationwide, marked the institutionalization and legalization of modern education in China.

Baidu encyclopedia-human voice academic system

Baidu Encyclopedia-Guimao Academic System