Children's bronchial asthma can be divided into three types according to age and clinical manifestations: infantile asthma, childhood asthma and cough variant asthma.
Symptoms of bronchial asthma in children
The onset of asthma in children may be different due to different ages and different incentives. Infantile asthma is mostly induced by upper respiratory virus infection, and the onset is slow, while childhood asthma is mostly induced by inhaling allergens, and the onset is more urgent.
1, diagnostic criteria for infant asthma:
(1) age
(2) There is wheezing in the lungs during the attack, and the exhalation is prolonged.
(3) Atopic constitution (eczema, allergic rhinitis).
(4) Family history of asthma.
(5) exclude other asthma diseases.
2. Diagnostic criteria for childhood asthma:
(1) Age >; 3 years old, breathing repeatedly.
(2) There is wheezing sound in both lungs during the attack, and the exhalation is prolonged.
(3) Bronchodilator is effective.
(4) wheezing, chest tightness and cough caused by other reasons.
3, the characteristics of cough variant asthma:
(1) Chronic cough with no wheezing symptoms.
(2) Cough becomes worse at night or early in the morning and after strenuous exercise.
(3) Antibiotic therapy is ineffective.
(4) Bronchodilator and glucocorticoid have special effects.
(5) The skin allergen test is positive, and there is a history of allergy or family history.
Etiology of bronchial asthma in children
1. Respiratory infection
(1) Respiratory virus infection: In infancy, repeated infections caused by viruses lead to repeated colds and coughs.
(2) Mycoplasma infection: Due to the immature immune system of infants, mycoplasma can cause chronic respiratory infection in infants. If not handled properly, it will lead to repeated coughing and wheezing.
(3) Focal infection of respiratory tract: Chronic sinusitis, rhinitis, otitis media and chronic tonsillitis are common chronic focal lesions of upper respiratory tract in children. On the one hand, they can cause recurrent infection, on the other hand, they can cause recurrent cough and asthma through nerve reflex. These lesions need timely treatment.
2. Inhalation of allergic substances
/kloc-children over 0/year old are gradually allergic to respiratory tract, such as indoor dust mites, cockroaches, pet fur, outdoor pollen, etc. Long-term continuous inhalation of low-concentration allergens can induce chronic airway allergic inflammation, which often develops into asthma in children. Short-term inhalation of high concentration allergens can induce acute asthma; This kind of asthma attacks suddenly, mostly in the season when the allergen concentration in the environment is high.
3. Gastroesophageal reflux
Due to anatomical structure, there are also iatrogenic factors that can cause gastroesophageal reflux, especially in infants, which is one of the important reasons for repeated wheezing. Clinically, it is often manifested as severe cough and wheezing during sleep, and generally there is a phenomenon of returning to milk or vomiting.
4. Genetic factors
Many survey data show that the prevalence rate of relatives of asthma patients is higher than that of the population, and the closer the relatives are, the higher the prevalence rate is; The more serious the patient's condition, the higher the prevalence rate of his relatives.
Treatment of bronchial asthma with traditional Chinese medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the disease is congenital or acquired, and the occurrence of this disease is related to deficiency of lung, spleen and kidney. Spleen deficiency leads to dereliction of duty, body fluid can not be transported, dampness is accumulated and phlegm is produced, which is hidden in the lungs; Deficiency of lung leads to loss of descending function, unstable function of exterior and defense, and phlegm pathogen is generated with qi and accumulated in lung; Kidney deficiency can't absorb qi, so shortness of breath leads to shortness of breath. External causes include climate change, imbalance between cold and heat, invasion of the lungs by exogenous pathogenic factors, improper purgation, excessive lung qi, dyspnea and breath reversal. Therefore, the lung should be treated in the attack period to eliminate pathogenic factors, and the spleen and kidney should be treated in the remission period to strengthen the body resistance.
TCM syndrome differentiation treatment can be divided into attack period and remission period.
1. Seizure.
(1) cold syndrome. Treatment: Warming lung and dispelling cold, lowering qi and relieving asthma.
(2) Heat syndrome. Treatment: clearing heat and dispersing lung, resolving phlegm and relieving asthma.