Marx once quoted a vivid metaphor conceived by Hegel to illustrate the joy of human beings in realizing their own essential strength in creative activities: a little boy threw a stone into the water, and he saw that the ripples of the water were getting bigger and bigger. He appreciated his own creation and gained great joy from it ... By the junior high school stage, the students at this time had changed from the original happiness, freedom, innocence and liveliness to silence, shyness and seriousness. They want to find a new way to express their self-awareness At this critical moment, if we instill in them an ideological education that plays a telepathic role-aesthetic education, students can be educated in the enjoyment of beauty and unconsciously influenced by noble and healthy thoughts and feelings. The special effect of this kind of education is difficult to achieve by general moral preaching. By junior high school, students are getting hot both physically and psychologically, so it's time to prepare for an independent life. Their self-confidence and self-esteem are increasing, and they have their own independent thinking ability and a wider range of contacts. They are eager to learn, and the knowledge taught by school teachers can no longer meet their needs. They are eager to accept new ideas and new knowledge from various channels. But at the same time, we should realize that the contemporary world is at a huge historical turning point, and students are experiencing unprecedented conceptual and cultural shocks. Just as computers and abacus coexist, washing machines and washboards coexist, test-tube babies and dinosaur eggs coexist, the spirit of living in the same era is not the same generation.
Under the influence of this concept, art also seems strange. For example, modernist art is an inverted art. A psychologist once humorously summed up the fundamental difference between modern art and traditional art with vivid language. He said: "What's the difference between today's younger generation and ours? They are becoming more and more sensible, running away from home and having children. Only the order is reversed. " Indeed, in modernist and post-modernist artists, the meaning of art is broader, including both beauty and ugliness: both good and evil; It includes both material things and spiritual things: both pure physical things and pure mathematical things.
At the same time, with the rapid development of China's commodity economy, there are inevitably many negative factors in the society, such as the surge of Shang Chao, the collapse of culture, the prevalence of fake and shoddy products, real money and silver, and the flying dust. Today, we seem to have reached such a confusing and puzzling era.
Philosophers no longer respect Descartes and Hegel; Writers no longer admire Shakespeare and Lu Xun; Artists no longer appreciate Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Beethoven. A national symphony performance, the audience is very few, but a "singer" holding a guitar and screaming like a singer has attracted tens of thousands of fans. Similarly, in the art market, some profit-making painting shops and dealers are generous, investing in batches, forging paintings and famous calligraphy and painting. At the same time, in today's art halls, it seems increasingly difficult to see all kinds of beautiful myths, sacred legends, beautiful music and charming paintings created by ancient humans. But more evil, more absurd, more hateful and uglier.
Shakespeare once wrote in History as a Mirror: Qixin people admire new toys, whether they are made of old things or not, and would rather praise the inferior products with gold plating than appreciate the covered golden pool.
Therefore, as art teachers, our task is not only to appreciate a painting and a handicraft in class, but more importantly, to drive students to understand beauty independently and accept new ideas selectively. In my art appreciation class in junior high school, I made the following attempts:
First of all, choose excellent painters and excellent works. In class, students should first have a full understanding of the painter's thoughts and personality spirit, and then combine the painter's thoughts and behaviors when analyzing his works. Students should also receive ideological education while appreciating beauty. We should know that a great work of art can stand not only because of its beautiful appearance, but also because of its influence on society.
For example,/kloc-Rodin, the greatest sculptor in the 9th century. In his view, art is the so-called contemplation, going deep into nature and infiltrating nature. The joy of soul assimilated with it is the joy of wisdom, the joy of seeing the world clearly and reappearing the world under the illumination of conscience.
Students get aesthetic pleasure from it, which corresponds to the artistic representation of the world, that is, the fresh spiritual embodiment of familiarity, kindness and strangeness. As for Rodin's marble sculpture Meditation, we will have a double sense of reality at the same time: first, we will reproduce the image through white and moist marble, modeling language and other materials and media; The other is the association of external objective reality caused by this reproduced image. These two kinds of reality are both produced in hallucinations, and they go back and forth from reappearing images to objective reality many times, which constitutes the leaping reappearance of spiritual images. Capturing such a greatly expanded and changed image will arouse ripples in psychology, wisdom, imagination, affection and even life experience. The "power" mode of this spiritual activity itself reflects the contradiction between dream and reality, spiritual world and material world. Gesell, Rodin's assistant, wrote down the aesthetic experience given to him by the statue "meditation"-it is a very young, God's relaxation and reciprocating, accompanied by extreme aesthetic pleasure, showing spiritual creation, freedom and transcendence. In his performance, he paid special attention to emphasis and contrast, pushed his eyes from eyebrow arch to forehead, highlighted the most important field of spiritual life, and approached the audience with the spiritual power of voice. The neck and shoulders are almost "trapped" in the stone seat, and the "show" of "protruding" and "trapped" is a beautiful female head with her head down, surrounded by a dreamy atmosphere, which shows the edge of her hat in her immaterial mind, like the wings of a dream, but her neck and even her chin are on a thick stone.
In reality, Rodin's obsession with art made him think he was a "believer". In his will, he earnestly taught young people: Be patient! Don't rely on inspiration, it doesn't exist. The excellent qualities of artists are nothing more than wisdom, concentration, sincerity and will. Finish your work like an honest worker! .
Students will certainly have a new understanding of art through various understandings. While appreciating beauty, they will consciously accept ideological education and new ideas.
The above is my superficial view on the appreciation of art in junior high school. It should be said that this is a long process, and the effect is still unknown.