In order to solve the problems of overstaffed urban schools, shortage of rural schools and uneven distribution of teachers' resources, Daan District launched two rounds of full-time competition in 20 13, and decided whether teachers would stay or not according to their teaching performance.
The reporter learned that the diversion of teachers' competitive employment is not the first in Daan, and similar measures have been taken in other parts of China to alleviate the shortage of teachers in rural schools. However, the diversion of teachers' competitive employment has also caused a lot of controversy-will this move widen the gap between urban and rural education under the background of emphasizing the balanced development of compulsory education? Is it just the balanced flow of "superficial" teachers?
A game of gains and losses.
"Our music and body beauty courses have finally started," Chen Renju, the principal of Niufo Town Central Primary School in Da 'an District, told the reporter. "All the subjects that were suspended in the past because of the lack of teachers have now been offered, and the teacher structure has also changed a lot."
The change of Niufo Town Central Primary School originated from a National Games in Da 'an District. Chen Renju said that before the competition, some subjects in the school were paralyzed by long-term lack of teachers. "We also posted a recruitment notice. Some teachers sent resumes and saw that the village was small, so they turned around and left."
In order to alleviate the shortage of teachers in rural schools, Jin Kui Education Bureau began to implement the teacher appointment system in 2006. "But the teaching at that time was task-based. Teachers volunteered to teach, but which school was assigned was arranged by the Education Bureau. If you are assigned to a school with poor conditions, the teacher will not want it. " Li Changzhi, head of the personnel unit of the Education Bureau of Da 'an District, Zigong City, said.
The reporter learned that there are 17 schools in Niufo Town, and only 6 schools have shuttle buses. Many teaching teachers are uneasy at home and prefer to go back and forth on the same day, so traffic problems have become an important standard for many teachers to measure school conditions.
But even Niufo Middle School, which has convenient transportation, has not completely reversed the predicament of lacking teachers because of teaching. Principal Fu told reporters that teachers in schools are generally older. From 2005 to 20 10, 20 teachers retired. "We recruit teachers and can't just find someone to replace them. We can only wait for the funding from the Education Bureau. Most teachers are fresh graduates. Five college graduates were recruited in 2008, but now there is only one because of poor treatment. There are only a few teachers taught every year, which is really a drop in the bucket compared with the 20 teachers currently lacking. "
Seeing that task-based teaching is not feasible, the Education Bureau of Da 'an District began to implement the personnel system reform of all-staff competition in 20 13, unified the quantitative assessment standards and scales of post competition in the whole region, carried out the quantitative assessment of post competition and two rounds of competition reform, and established a dynamic management mechanism in which professional titles can be raised or lowered and salaries can be raised or lowered. Teachers hired once every three years are faced with two choices: waiting for posts or teaching.
After the competition, seven schools in urban and suburban areas were seriously overstaffed, and 60 teachers were diverted to rural schools at one time. A total of 107 teachers in the whole region teach in rural schools and enjoy certain teaching subsidies. Teachers who don't want to leave will be dismissed if they stay in our school for two years. Many rural teachers can also enter better schools through exams.
Does the competition between employment and diversion cause new imbalance?
Employment competition has brought a lot of shock to the teachers in Da 'an District, and some teachers who are left behind are dissatisfied with it.
Ma Hua (pseudonym), a middle school teacher in Da 'an District, decided to teach six months ago, which was his last choice. He told reporters that teaching is for the number of senior titles in rural schools. "Who else would want to run so far at my age?"
In this regard, the explanation of the Personnel Unit of the Education Bureau of Da 'an District is that urban schools are full and rural schools are short of staff. It is also a way to divert some teachers to apply for professional titles in rural schools. "Teachers are voluntarily applying for teaching. If they don't want to teach, they can stay in the original unit. "
However, the waiting treatment will be reduced, which makes many teachers very embarrassed. Two colleagues of MCA are unwilling to teach after being hired, so they can only stay in the original unit. According to the system, if you still fail the examination after two years, you will face dismissal.
"Don't teach where come of teaching results? How can you pass the exam without grades? It is estimated that this year will be dismissed. " MCA told reporters.
Li Changzhi believes that it is normal for some teachers to be emotional about employment competition, but overall, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. "When we compete for posts, we ensure that every teacher has a position, but some teachers do not obey the work arrangement and insist on staying in the original unit. We must set up a waiting post. " He told reporters that teachers in urban schools who are overstaffed and have poor performance and are unwilling to obey the deployment can only quit the education system.
Generally speaking, the contest did divert many teachers to the countryside, but whether it really solved the problem of rural teachers, Fu didn't quite agree: "Many of the diverted teachers are old and weak, and we can't arrange too much workload, so we haven't solved the problem yet."
In addition, Fu is even more worried about this system. "Competitive recruitment assessment has always made it difficult for our school to retain good teachers." There are three high schools in Jin Kui, and Niufo Middle School is one of them. School teachers tend to teach in the other two schools, so once these two schools are short of people, they will leave in the form of exams. "Our school is like a training base."
Teachers in cities are getting better and better, but schools in rural areas can only accept teachers who have been hired. For this "Matthew effect", Fu is somewhat helpless. "We lack schools and have no choice but to accept assigned teachers. But this will only become more and more unbalanced. "
"The scissors difference is inevitable." The Education Bureau of Daan District responded that more than 100 rural teachers participated in the competition, while only 10 rural teachers went to the city. Matthew effect will exist, but it will not be significant. Regarding this policy, Ji Dahai, secretary general of Sichuan Education Association, questioned: "Using rural schools to accept teachers who have fallen behind will increase the distance between urban and rural areas and violate the educational balance. If the allocation of human resources is not good, it will increase the loss of teachers and students in rural areas. At that time, no matter how good the hardware is, rural education will only be an empty shell. "
Administrative competition and diversion are not feasible.
There always seems to be an insurmountable distance between system and reality. Xiong Bingqi, deputy director of the institute, believes that this is the result of educational management. "How to evaluate competition? Who will evaluate it? Is there any training method before and after the assessment? " In his view, if competitive employment diversion is to promote teachers' professional development, then it is bound to be inseparable from training, and teachers need to acquire abilities through training, not just punishment to motivate them.
"The balance of compulsory education is to let excellent teachers communicate in the countryside, rather than' exile' some teachers. The rotation of teachers should not become punishment." Xiong Bingqi said.
According to media reports, Hunan has also introduced a competitive employment diversion system. Resolutely adjust the personnel who are not suitable and competent for education, teaching and other school work. In two years, more than 20,000 people were diverted, accounting for 4.78% of the teachers in the province.
Different from Da 'an District, the relevant system of how to train teachers after teachers are diverted in Hunan Province has also been introduced. After the diversion of teaching staff, primary and secondary schools implement policies such as internal resettlement, mobile resettlement and encouraging further study. The staff transferred to the new unit can return to the original unit for competitive employment within 3 years, and can also be given priority under the same conditions. During the study period, the length of service is calculated continuously, and the normal salary increase is included in my file salary.
Experts believe that teachers' passive spillover is a normal phenomenon, and it is necessary to find a way out for teachers who have fallen behind and establish a follow-up training mechanism to improve the whole process of competitive recruitment and diversion. However, the reporter learned that the follow-up training mechanism for left-behind and post-waiting teachers in Da 'an District is still blank. Although the district education bureau responded that there were some on-the-job training and online training, it was still a question mark.
In addition to establishing an appropriate training mechanism, Xiong Bingqi suggested that a peer evaluation mechanism should be established to reduce administrative intervention. "The Foreign Teachers Committee was established many years ago, and the education department can't interfere. Only when peers evaluate each other can we avoid administration. "
"The policy of not considering the humanized needs of teachers is doomed to be unsustainable. If you want good teachers to stay in the countryside, you should encourage them to teach in the countryside voluntarily. " Ji Dahai suggested that teachers' material and interest needs should be solved first, and teachers' development and emotional needs should also be considered. "Rural teachers should not only feel hard and poor, but also let them see the future. If teachers think that going to the countryside to teach is' destroying the family', then they will definitely not do their best for rural education, and no one wants to go to the countryside to teach. " (Wu Yuting reporter Liu Lei)