? Historical celebrities named Cai: Cai Lun, Cai Shun, Cai Yuanpei, Cai Yong (Jiao), Cai Wenji and Cai E, who set up the Six Classics.
Cai Ji's common surname in ancient times was Cheng Zhonghu.
The origin of Cai's surname has been recorded in ancient books in a very detailed and positive way. For example, "Textual Research on Surnames" said: "Fourteen sons Cai Shu, born Cai Zhonghu, was sealed by Cai. His son and grandson take the country as their surname, Jin has Cai Mo, and there is one. I hope that Jiyang, Cai, Ji and Gu can use it together. "
It is also pointed out in Sex Compilation: "After the death of Zhou and Cai Shu, their son was named Hu, followed by his family."
In addition, there is a new preface to the genealogy of Chua's family in Huating, which belongs to Zhenchuan in Ming Dynasty and explains the ins and outs of Chua's family clearly. "Preface" records: "Cai Zhixian was born, Cai Shudu and his mother and brother were moved by Wu Geng, and his son Hu was able to change careers and live a virtuous and docile life. Zhou Gongju thought that the lives of Lu Qingtu, Cai Shudu, Shang Shu and Cai Zhong were also. Today, there is a Cai City in Cai Zhou, and Houping moved to Xincai, and Zhaohou moved to Zhangzhou. Today, Shouzhou also died in Chu in the last twenty-six years. "
Judging from the above records, the source of Chua's is clear. The beginning of their surnames is mainly from Shangcai County, Henan Province. When they arrived in Caipinghou, the rest were seized by the ambitious Chu State, and they were renamed as Xincai County, Henan Province. By the time the prince of Zhao arrived, the "ghost" of Chu had reached Cai's head again, and they had to move to Fengtai County, Anhui Province. However, they once again made way for Chu, but they still couldn't "move" Chu, and finally they could not escape the fate of being destroyed by the powerful Chu. As a result, Cai Guo, who once set off a storm at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, disappeared from history, while their descendants multiplied from generation to generation and performed well at the same time, eventually becoming the famous surnames of a large number of people.
Cai's performance in history is worthy of the word "outstanding". In the hundreds of years of Han Dynasty, Cai's performance was even worse. Cai Lun, who made paper, Cai Shun, who was the most filial, and Cai Yong, who wrote the Six Classics, all shone brilliantly in history. Their names have been known to everyone for thousands of years, and their deeds have long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
According to the Records of the Later Han Dynasty, Cai Lun was a eunuch and emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Because of his talent and knowledge, he was highly valued by the emperor, and was later named Long Houting by Emperor Gaozu. The paper he invented is called "Cai Hou Paper", and its production method is based on the record in Compendium of Materia Medica: "In the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Cai Lun in Guiyang began to pick bark, so silk, fishing nets and hemp stalks were boiled into paper, which is universal in the world."
Cai Yong's high reputation at that time can be said to be like a spring breeze. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty also recorded another story of his, saying that Dong Zhuo became an ordinary emperor of the Han Dynasty and was forced to be an official in order to establish his own reputation. "After three days, there will be a three-week calendar." Although Dong Zhuo was not a good man, Wang Yun later punished Dong Zhuo and even died in prison, but Cai Yong's resounding reputation at that time was enough to make future generations proud.
The heroine of Moon Hee Returning to Han is Cai Yong's daughter. When she left Hu Fu and nothing, she wrote Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia, which is as famous as the story of More than 400 Graves she read in front of Cao Cao.
What is the origin of the surname Cai? Please refer to the "Cai surname" in Baidu Encyclopedia for a detailed explanation.
What is the origin of Cai surname? 1, origin
(1) from her surname. He is a descendant of King Jichang of Zhou Wen, and takes the country as his surname. After the King of Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, his fifth brother was awarded a degree in Cai, which was called the capital of Cai Shu in history. Now, the son of Cai Shudu was renamed Cai, and the new Cai State is in Shangcai County, Henan Province. After Chu destroyed Cai, Chinese people took the country as their surname and scattered around.
In terms of surnames. From the branch of the Yellow Emperor, the surname is a fief and belongs to the fief name. The surname is a direct descendant of the Yellow Emperor. During the period of Yao, Shun and Xia, the clans to which surnames belonged were Yan, Kan, Yin, Cai and Lu, etc., which were distributed in the Weihe River basin and westward along the Yellow River to eastern and western Henan. Cai, a branch of this surname, has a high position in the tribe and is a sacrificial duty. Cai and Ji were commonly used in ancient times, so Cai came from Ji.
③ Originated from ethnic minorities. The incident of Cai surname flowing into foreign blood mainly occurred after the Song Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the surname Wu of the Nuzhen State of Jin was later changed to the Chinese surname Cai, the surnames of Manchu Eight Banners, Wuling Ashi and Samarasi, and later changed to the Chinese surname Cai. After living together with the Han nationality for a long time, especially in the northeast, these foreigners gradually assimilated into the Cai surname of the northern Han nationality. A large part of Cai's surname among the ethnic minorities in Guizhou and Guangxi was assimilated into the southern Han nationality, mainly in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
2. Migration and communication
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Cai traveled all over Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hubei, Anhui, Shandong, Hunan and Guizhou. During the Warring States Period, the Chua clan set out from Caidian, Hubei Province, entered Changde, Hunan Province, and entered Guizhou along Yuanjiang River, mixing with local aborigines and becoming the ancestors of Chua clans such as Miao, Tu, Yao and Buyi. It can be considered that the chieftain surnamed Cai in Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan during the Tang, Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties was a descendant of Cai in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Cai's main activity place was in the Central Plains, and the famous Jiyang Cai's family was formed in eastern Henan and western Shandong. This is the most glorious period in Chua's history, with many celebrities and far-reaching influence. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a war in the north, and a large number of people in the Central Plains moved south. Cai began to enter Jiangsu and Zhejiang in a big way. In the early and late Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains immigrated to Fujian twice, and Cai was one of the main surnames, which laid the foundation for Cai to become a famous surname in the south. By the Song Dynasty, Chua's family had spread all over the south of the Yangtze River, and Fujian had formed Chua's main body. Cai entered Taiwan Province Province in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.
Hundreds of surnames are all, Cai Baidu what?
What about the Chua family? Born? First, the source of Cai surname: the composition of Cai surname mainly includes three branches: surname, Ji surname and foreign surname change.
(1) surnamed Cai: surnamed Cai, according to legend, is a direct descendant of the Yellow Emperor; During the Yao, Shun and Xia dynasties, it was distributed in the Weihe River basin and the eastern and northern parts of Henan Province. During the Yin Dynasty, Cai served as a priest, and he often served as a consultant beside Shang Wang, so his land was often near Ji Wang. Now Zhengzhou City, Zhongmou County, Changyuan County and Weihui City in Henan Province may have been the location of the ancient Cai City. BC 1046, Zhou Wuwang was ok. Some Cai people migrated to Caihe area in the north of Xingtai City, Hebei Province, while others went south to Caishan, which is located at the junction of Guangji County and Huangmei County in Hubei Province, and some of them joined Caishu City. The surnames of later generations and Ji have been merged into one.
(2) Last name is Cai: After successful business, his fifth brother got a bachelor's degree in Cai. Later generations took the country as their surname: Ji's surname was Cai, which has a history of 3050 years. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Cai has traveled all over Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou and other places. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Cai was mainly active in the Central Plains, and the famous Jiyang Cai was formed in the eastern part of Henan Province and the western part of Shandong Province. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a war in the north, and a large number of people in the Central Plains moved south, and Cai began to enter Jiangsu and Zhejiang on a large scale. Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, people named Cai, who lived in the south of China, all thought that their ancestral home was Kaocheng, Jiyang, Henan Province, and used "Jiyang" as the unique family name, which has been in use ever since. In the early Tang Dynasty, the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the Central Plains immigrated to Fujian twice, and Cai was one of the main clan surnames, which laid the foundation for Cai to become a famous surname in the south. There were many Cai surnames who immigrated to Fujian twice in the Tang Dynasty, and the exact number was incalculable and mixed with each other, which developed into the most popular surname in Fujian and later became the main source of Cai surnames in Taiwan Province Province and Guangdong Province. After the war and looting in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Cai's family has spread all over the south of the Yangtze River (Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Jiangsu). In the Song Dynasty, due to the small impact of the war and the sharp increase in population, Cai inherited the fine tradition of kindness and courtesy of his ancestors, worked hard to forge ahead, and some prominent families and celebrities appeared. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Cai's surname continued to multiply and develop all over the country, and gradually formed a huge and influential surname family in China. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Cai crossed the ocean and entered Taiwan Province Province, mainly from Quanzhou and Zhangzhou in Fujian, Chaozhou and Jiaying in Guangdong. Cai is currently the eighth surname in Taiwan Province Province, and most of them live in Taibei, Tainan and Chiayi.
Cai's migration to foreign countries began in the Ming Dynasty, and its main starting point was the coastal areas of China, mainly Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces, and he went to Southeast Asia, Japan, Europe and America to make a living, do business, work and study.
(3) Foreigners changed their surname to Cai: the northern and southern minorities in China. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the jurchen Wulin of the State of Jin was later changed to the Han surname Cai; In the Qing Dynasty, there were Cai Jia's family, Wu Bian's family and Samara's family. All the Manchu Eight Banners changed their surnames to China's surname Cai. After a long period of mixing with the Han nationality, these foreigners gradually assimilated into the Cai surname of the Han nationality in the north, especially in the northeast.
During the Warring States Period, Cai's family, a highly talented country, later entered Guizhou along the Yuanjiang River, mixed with local aborigines and became the ancestor of Cai's family of Miao, Tujia, Yao and Buyi. It can be considered that during the Tang, Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the chieftain surnamed Cai in Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan was a descendant of Cai in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Migration history of Cai surname
At the beginning of Cai's surname, members of Cai's clan were mainly distributed in Shangcai, Henan. With the relocation of Cai, some people moved to Anhui. In the pre-Qin period, the Cai family mainly developed and multiplied in Henan, Anhui and other places, and some of them went abroad to be officials. During the Warring States Period, Cai Ze, a native of the State of Yan (Duji, now Beijing), lobbied many governors, big and small, but he was never reused. On one occasion, he looked for Tang Dan, a famous fortuneteller at that time. Tang Ju looked at him carefully and said with a smile, "Look, this gentleman has a scorpion nose, broad shoulders and heavy eyebrows, just like a saint." And saints never meet. Cai Ze knew that Tang Ju was joking with him, so he said to Tang Ju, "I know I will be rich in the future, but I don't know how long I can live. I am willing to listen to my husband. Tang Ju said: "Mr. Wang's age can still live for 43 years from now." Cai Ze went away with a smile.
On the way back, Cai Ze said to his coachman, "I ride a big horse, and I can ride it at will;" With the official seal, you can drive with the king; I don't worry about food and clothing, and I am extremely rich. 43 years is enough. "He thought that wealth was at his fingertips, so he began to travel around the world and preached his strategy of governing the country to the governors. He went to Zhao first, then to Korea and Wei, but he didn't expect it to be everywhere ... >>
A story about the origin of Cai surname;
According to legend, Cai's surname comes from the Yellow Emperor, and his distant ancestor is a relative of the grandson of the Yellow Emperor. According to "Chua's Genealogy", the uncle of Wuzi was from the Western Zhou Dynasty.
Was sealed in Cai (now Shangcai, Henan Province), built, known as Cai Shu in history. Cai Shu's descendants ruled Cai Guo from generation to generation and renewed their contracts for 600 years. In 44 BC
In 7 years, Cai was destroyed by Chu, and Cai's adherents changed their surnames to Cai.
After Cai was in China, he began to migrate to all parts of the Central Plains. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Cai Xun moved to Liunai County (now south of Qixian County, Henan Province) to avoid the king's conscription.
Later, it was divided into Jiyang County, and its origin was also called Jiyang people. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, Cai was a local clan. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, some people named Cai moved to Jiang and became officials in the Southern Jin Dynasty. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, Chua developed all over the country. It is along the south bank that there is still a saying that "forest and king are the best in the world"
Half "proverb.
People surnamed Cai got their surnames from Cai Guo and developed in Jiyang, so most people surnamed Cai take Jiyang as their county. During the Warring States Period, Cai Ze was the prime minister of Qin.
Resourceful, the world knows. In the Han Dynasty, Cai Lun was the inventor of papermaking, Cai Yong was a famous politician and writer, and Cai Yan was a famous female literature master.
People are still telling the story of "Moon Hee (Cai Yan) returning to Han Dynasty" as a friendly messenger between the family and the Han Dynasty and Xiongnu. Since then, Chua has been
Cai Jing, a famous minister in the Song Dynasty, Cai You, Cai Yu, and Cai Xiyong, a famous minister in the Republic of China, and Cai Yuanpei, an educator, came out one after another.
And Cai Hesen, Cai Kai, Cai Chang and other contemporary revolutionaries.
The origin of Ke Cai Tongzong Xin, Ke and Cai Tongzong's ancestor is Cai Dunyi.
Cai Dunyi was born in 887 AD (13th year), with his wife Xin and three sons Cai Zhongfu, Cai Zhongzuo and Cai Zhonghui.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Cai Dunyi was appointed as a doctor of the State of Wu and served as an official for 26 years.
In 937, Li Jue destroyed Wu and established Nantang. Cai Dunyi's boss was exposed for taking bribes and sent someone to kill Cai Dunyi.
Cai Dunyi and his wife and children fled in disguise in three ways.
Cai Zhongfu, the eldest son, changed his surname to Xin with his mother, alias Xin;
The second son, Cai Zhongzuo, changed his surname to Ke, alias Stone;
The youngest son, Cai Zhonghui, did not change his surname, but became Cai Zhonglie.
After fleeing for three years, he settled in Luoyang.
Later, when the Khitan invaded the Central Plains, Cai Dunyi went to Fuzhou with his family.
In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, Xin was appointed as a bachelor of Hanlin, and his two younger brothers also became officials one after another.
The three brothers became court officials under the surnames Xin, Ke and Cai, and their surnames never changed.
The origin of the surname? China people's surnames have a long history. It is said that they originated from Archaean matriarchal clan society, and Fu began to take their surnames as his own surnames. However, surnames and surnames in the pre-Qin period are two different concepts. Surnames originated from matriarchal clan society and are the names of the same clan group, while surnames are branches of surnames, which indicate the names of tribal branches and are used to distinguish future generations. Due to population explosion, relocation, changes in identity skills, etc. Some tribes can be divided and these tribes are clans. History is the representative and title of the aristocratic clan system. Before Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, most men were called Shi. Women often call their surnames, such as Confucius, so they are surnames. Kong is the surname, Qiu is the first name. Because men call them by their surnames, they are called Kong Qiu, not Qiu Zi.
Surnames mainly come from four aspects:
First, from the land and surname, the son of heaven is the person who gives the surname Ming. The Yellow Emperor created twelve surnames for his twenty-five sons. The history of Tao Tang was later sealed in Liu Di, and his descendants took Liu Wei's surname.
The second is to take the place of birth as the surname. The Yellow Emperor was born in Shouqiu and grew up in Jishui, so he took Ji as his surname.
Third, surnames are titles and official positions. Wang Shaozi of Chuzhuang became an official doctor, and his descendants took the official as their surname.
The fourth is to get a surname because of something or other reasons.
Tian, the prime minister of the Han dynasty, was old, and he was called the prime minister of the car when he went in and out by car. Later generations took the car as their surname. Ge is an ancient surname, originally from Langya County, and later moved. There used to be a Ge in Yang Du, but later he moved to a place named Ge. Therefore, when there were more people surnamed Ge, Zhuge called them out to distinguish them, and from then on, Zhuge had a compound surname.
Due to the development of tribes and the doubling of population, the names of surnames have gradually increased. A surname can be divided into many surnames, and a surname breeds more surnames, so surnames are not fixed. In fact, the unification or basic stability of surnames began in the Han Dynasty. Shortly after Qin destroyed the six countries, Han unified the world. As an important symbol of maintaining the patriarchal clan system of the Zhou royal family, the system of distinguishing surnames also died with the complete collapse of the royal family. At this point, China people's surnames are combined into one, not surnames, surnames, or both. Actually, they all take male surnames instead. This shows that all future generations are descendants of male surnames, just as Gu said in Rizhilu in the Ming Dynasty: people below the Warring States period take their surnames as surnames, and surnames since the Yellow Emperor are all dead. Surnames began to be mixed from Taishigong, and surnames became a bond to maintain tradition and a symbol to unite clans. Therefore, respecting and honoring ancestors has become a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and it is also a guarantee for safeguarding the reunification of the motherland. It's hard to imagine a China person becoming a patriot if he doesn't even love and respect his tenants and his parents.
Today, foreigners from China who have migrated to other places for hundreds of thousands of years are still obsessed with their motherland, ancestral home and ancestors, and often come to China to seek roots and worship their ancestors. Their genealogy is also clearly recorded, for example, the genealogy of Harada family, a descendant of Liu Bang in Japan: the lineage of Emperor Gaozu, what exists in a strict sense, can be obtained even if you don't want to cry, and you miss the country of China since the Han Dynasty. It's been more than 2400 years, and it's been a long time since I confessed to the thirteenth and fourteenth dynasties. In the meantime, the two countries had ups and downs, but they both longed for the prosperity of the Han Dynasty. They often miss the old country where our ancestors ruled the country, and they are eager to avoid the forbidden area. So they published their own genealogy, which is the basis of their genealogy and reported the virtue of Emperor Gaozu.
According to legend, the earliest origin of surnames is related to the totem worship of primitive people. Clan tribes not only worship totem as a god, but also regard it as the unified clan name. In primitive tribes, totem, clan name and ancestor name are often the same. Over time, the name of totem evolved into the common symbol of all members of the same clan-surname. There are many legends about the evolution of totem into surname. According to textual research, the monarch of Yelang Kingdom is the king of bamboo, and the subjects take bamboo as their totem, and their surname is bamboo. According to historical records, there were foxes and snakes in Jin, dogs in Han, wolves and deer flags in Three Kingdoms and leopards in Three Kingdoms. Through these strange names and surnames with the same names as animals and plants, such as Luo, tiger, ant, cow, sheep, bird, dragon, bamboo, dragon, tea and chrysanthemum, we can vaguely see the indelible historical imprint of totem worship on the origin of surnames.
The formation of surnames is not only closely related to totems, but also closely related to women. Archaeological data show that there are less than 30 surnames in the bronze inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty, but most of them come from women, such as Jiang, Yao, Si, Ji, Wa, maid, pregnant, concubine, kindness and win. Not only ancient surnames are mostly related to the word "female", but even the word "surname" itself comes from female ...
The origin of Cai Lin's compound surname? The compound surname "Cai Lin" has no origin of ancient surnames, but it is not recorded in Tong Surname. According to the family, its origin is because its ancestor was originally in Fuzhou, whose original surname was Lin, and one of its ancestors' surnames was a friend of Cai and Shuangfeng. Cai had no children, so Lin gave one of his sons to Cai and named it.