Prehistoric archaeologists and paleontologists. People from Fengnan, Hebei. 1927 graduated from the Department of Geology of Peking University. 1937 received a doctorate from the University of Paris, France. Researcher, Institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Since 1929, he has presided over and participated in the excavation and research of Zhoukoudian, and was the first skull discoverer of Peking Man.

Since 193 1, the existence of stone tools and ashes has been confirmed, which provides an important archaeological basis for Zhoukoudian to be an ancient human site. He presided over the excavation of Neanderthal sites and obtained a large number of precious Neanderthal fossils and their cultural relics. After 1949, the comprehensive research on the Mesolithic Age and Neolithic Age was actively carried out, which made great contributions to the development of paleolithic archaeology in China.

Liang Siyong:

A famous archaeologist, the first academician of Academia Sinica, his father was Liang Qichao, a famous politician, thinker and master of Chinese studies in modern China. Liang Siyong devoted his life to archaeology. He is one of the pioneers of modern archaeology and modern archaeology education in China. He is the first scholar in China who has been formally trained in modern western archaeology. The Archaeological Collection of Liang Siyong has been handed down from generation to generation.

1948 and his brother Liang Sicheng (architect) were elected as academicians of the first Academia Sinica. After the founding of New China, in August 1950, he served as the deputy director of the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences (at this time, the department has not yet been established and its members have not yet been produced).

He has been in charge of archaeological excavations such as Ang 'angxi microlithic cultural site in Heilongjiang, Yin Ruins in Xiaotun, Anyang, Henan, Yin Gang's tomb in the northwest of Houjiazhuang, Xiaotun in Hougaozhuang, Longshan, Yangshao and Longshan cultural site in Chengziya, Longshan Town, Licheng, Shandong, and verified the relative chronological relationship between Yangshao, Longshan and Shang cultures. 1954 died of a heart attack in Beijing on April 2, at the age of 50.

Li Ji:

Anthropologist, modern archaeologist in China, father of archaeology in China. Accept the word and change it to help it. Hubei Zhongxiang Zhongying people.

19 1 1 was admitted to Tsinghua University, an American preparatory school. He stayed in the United States with the official fee of 19 18, studied psychology at Clark University in Massachusetts, and changed his major in demography the next year. 1920 after obtaining a master's degree in sociology, he transferred to Harvard University to study structural anthropology and obtained a doctorate in philosophy. From 65438 to 0922, Li Ji graduated from Harvard University and returned to China. He was hired as a professor of anthropology and sociology by Nankai University.

Jia Lanpo, whose real name is Yusheng, has pen names Jia Yusheng, Zhou Long and Lan Jiugong. China famous paleolithic archaeologist, paleoanthropologist and Quaternary geologist; Senior research fellow of China Academy of Sciences, foreign research fellow of American National Academy of Sciences, and academician of Third World Academy of Sciences. He is a legend who climbed to the top of the science hall without a college diploma.

Extended data:

culture

name

There is the practice of taking the small place names first discovered in typical sites as archaeological cultural names, which is the most widely used. Such as Moster culture, solute culture and Magdalene culture in Europe, as well as Zhoukoudian culture, Ding Cun culture, Xiaonanhai culture, Yangshao culture, Dawenkou culture and Hemudu culture in China.

Some are named after regions or river basins, mostly to find out the distribution scope of this culture afterwards. For example, the Danube culture in Europe.

Some people prefix the names of places of discovery, such as Yangshao culture in Gansu and Longshan culture in Henan, because they have similarities and differences with typical Longshan culture. If only the local differences are small, of course, this method can be adopted. If the difference is big enough to be considered as an independent culture, then it should be given another cultural name.

Because there is more than one culture in the excavation site, it can be distinguished by adding suffixes to the place names, such as Miaodigou culture in the second phase and Qinglongquan culture in the third phase (see Qujialing culture).

The method of naming characteristic cultural relics is often used, such as microlithic culture, painted pottery culture, black pottery culture, European boulder culture, bell cup tomahawk culture and so on. However, this naming often replaces the characteristics of the whole culture with one-sided characteristics, and at the same time, this individual type of characteristic remains may belong to different archaeological cultures, so it is gradually not adopted by people.

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