At present, people dare not talk about "punishment education" because they have not fundamentally understood it correctly.
1. What is "punishment education"
"Punishment education" is an educational behavior that schools or teachers give negative evaluation or corresponding punishment to students' bad behaviors in order to help them correct their mistakes, and it is a compulsory corrective behavior that gives unpleasant psychological or physical stimulation to those who violate the discipline in order to reduce or contain the occurrence of bad behaviors. It is a means to correct students' problem behavior and one of the auxiliary means of school moral education. Punishment can arouse students' shame, pain, anxiety, fear, regret and other psychology, make students distinguish right from wrong, good and evil, and correct bad behavior habits through will, which is an effective educational method.
In my opinion, an education with only "appreciation" and no "punishment" is an imperfect education. "Punishment education" is a useful supplement to "appreciation education". Suhomlinski pointed out in "Conversation with Young Principals": "The task of educators is not only to inspire children's confidence and self-esteem, but also to take an uncompromising attitude towards all wrong things that grow in students' hearts. "If you love students, you should be responsible for their lifelong development. For students who have bad habits, wrong words and deeds, or even bad behaviors that violate social morality or even touch the law, schools and teachers have the obligation to give appropriate criticism and punishment. While vigorously advocating "appreciation education", it is not only necessary but also effective to use the weapon of "punishment education" in a targeted and appropriate way according to the actual situation.
2. The difference between "punishment education" and corporal punishment and corporal punishment in disguised form.
When it comes to punishment education, people often think of corporal punishment and corporal punishment in disguised form. In fact, there is an essential difference between the two.
(1) The starting point is different. Punishment is a conventional means of education, a compulsory corrective action against students' problem behaviors, and an educational measure taken on the premise that students' body and mind can fully bear it, which can play an educational and warning role for students; Corporal punishment is that individual educators cause serious physical and mental harm to students who violate discipline, which is against ethics. The former is implemented on the basis of school teaching management system and class rules and discipline, and is a common agreement among students, teachers and schools; The latter is the educator's personal emotional behavior, lacking the basis of education.
(2) the performance is different. The former is to educate and punish students' spirit and behavior on the basis of respecting students; The latter is a teacher's malicious violation of students' bodies and a casual insult to students' personality.
(3) Different in nature. Punishment is a necessary and reasonable way of education, and "punishment education" is a reasonable "rule of law" in the system. Corporal punishment is a serious violation of rules and should be banned as an uncivilized way of education.
China's Teacher Law stipulates that teachers should care about and care for students, respect their personality, and have the obligation to stop acts harmful to students or other acts that infringe on their legitimate rights and interests. The school or the administrative department of education shall give administrative sanctions or dismiss teachers who physically punish students, refuse to mend their ways or behave badly, insult students and have a bad influence. Therefore, punishment is essentially different from corporal punishment and corporal punishment in disguised form in terms of starting point, performance and nature.
Second, the importance of "punishment education"
"Punishment education" is the need of education itself and the responsibility and right of schools and teachers. Makarenko clearly pointed out: "Teachers have no right not to punish where punishment is needed. As far as punishment is concerned, punishment is not only a right, but also an obligation. " Appropriate punishment for students who make mistakes is the need to ensure the normal development of education and teaching activities and maintain the normal order of education and teaching activities. When a teacher gives up the right of punishment, he gives up part of his responsibility. It is the teacher's dereliction of duty and a manifestation of the teacher's inaction. Sun Yunxiao, deputy director of China Youth Research Center, said: "Education without punishment is incomplete education. Education without punishment is weak education, fragile education and irresponsible education. "
Third, the role of "punishment education"
"Punishment education" can reduce or contain the appearance of bad behavior. The role of "punishment education" mainly has the following two aspects:
1. Correction function. When students' behavior is inconsistent with the requirements of the school, teachers will punish them to make them understand the boundaries of behavior, clarify the concept of right and wrong, the relationship between rights and obligations, and enhance their sense of moral responsibility. This method is especially effective for students who refuse to turn over a new leaf Preaching many times may be a waste of time, but a severe punishment will be unforgettable for life. This is the educational effect of punishment.
2. Deterrence function. Most of students' knowledge, attitudes and concepts come from indirect experience, not necessarily from direct experience of rewards and punishments, but often indirectly from observing other people's behaviors and behavior results. If a student does not do his homework and the teacher punishes him, other students will not dare to make similar mistakes. Durkheim, a French thinker, mentioned in Moral Education that "it is not punishment that gives authority to discipline; What prevents discipline from losing its authority is punishment. " Punishment maintains the majesty of the system and ensures the realization of the collective goal to a great extent.