Thoughts and suggestions on the construction of environmental impact assessment institutions
Based on the analysis of the problems in the qualification, personnel management and quality control of environmental impact assessment institutions found in special law enforcement inspections, some suggestions for improvement of environmental impact assessment institutions are put forward. Keywords construction of environmental impact assessment institutions; Qualification management; Personnel management; quality management
■ Text/Hou Kebin Yang Weibo Xu Zhenqiang
Since 1986 "Administrative Measures for Environmental Impact Assessment Certificates of Construction Projects (Trial)" formally established the requirements for the management of qualification certificates of environmental impact assessment institutions, the management of qualification certificates of environmental impact assessment institutions has developed for 27 years, and a huge team has been gradually established. As of June 20 13, there were 59 environmental impact assessment agencies 1 159 in China, including 92 Grade A assessment agencies196 Grade B assessment agencies. Such a large team has played an important role in implementing the requirements of the Environmental Impact Assessment Law and ensuring the environmental protection access of construction projects. However, in recent years, negative news about environmental impact assessment agencies in the media has been constantly. Since August of 20 1 1, the Ministry of Environmental Protection has organized a three-year special law enforcement inspection of EIA institutions, focusing on "qualification, personnel and quality", and randomly selected 19 1 Grade A institutions and 3 10/Grade B institutions nationwide. The special law enforcement inspection of EIA institutions is not only a comprehensive investigation of the management of existing EIA institutions, but also a process of conveying the latest management requirements to various EIA institutions. Based on the problems found in this inspection, the management of EIA institutions is considered, and relevant suggestions are put forward for the construction of EIA institutions according to the inspection experience of EIA institutions for many years.
Branch management system, contract system, engineer signature system, quality control system, etc. The Measures for the Administration of Qualification of Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Projects (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), the Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Environmental Impact Assessment issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Environmental Impact Assessment Institutions and Employees have specific and detailed provisions on how to set up and implement the institutional management system.
During the special law enforcement inspection, it was found that many EIA agencies did not seriously study the requirements of normative documents when formulating the system, but only met the business needs of conventional enterprises, and generally lacked contract system, document system and quality control system, or even relevant systems lacked pertinence and were not really implemented. The main problems and suggestions are as follows.
It is not formulated according to the characteristics of EIA industry, especially in the management of EIA documents and files. The general file management system only needs to file the manuscript or attachment, request and reply, communication and reply of official documents together. In recent years, due to the public's concern about environmental protection issues, especially the increasing doubts about the authenticity of EIA documents, complaints about letters and visits and applications for information disclosure have increased year by year. The competent department requires the EIA agency to record all the information of contract signing, preparation process, quality review and other EIA documents in the file for future reference. The process is clear at a glance, which is convenient for reference and daily management. However, due to various considerations, many EIA agencies lack important documents such as project contracts, EIA approvals, public reference materials and monitoring reports.
It is more prominent, and there is a problem that the archive file is not the original, which does not meet the requirements. It is suggested that EIA agencies strengthen the responsibilities and obligations of project leaders and make a receipt list. The person in charge of the project prepares the filing materials according to the list. If the filing materials are missing, they must be clearly stated and recorded in the files. If the file is lost and there is no clear explanation, it can be handled according to the topic that cannot be closed and economic punishment can be imposed. Although some institutions have files such as contracts, they are managed by different departments, and the files of a project are stored in multiple places without being classified according to projects. It is suggested that all EIA agencies archive the EIA data of the project, which can effectively avoid the loss of documents.
Although there are relevant systems, the procedures are not in place. No matter how perfect the system is, it also needs effective implementation to achieve good results. However, some binding systems of EIA institutions, such as qualification certificate management, personnel certificate management, contract system and engineer signature system, effectively ensure the safety of enterprise operation, but also greatly reduce the flexibility of enterprise business development. In order to create performance, many EIA agencies intentionally or unintentionally bypass the system regulations. Taking the management of qualification certificates and seals as an example, qualification certificates and seals are the proof that EIA agencies are engaged in EIA business. The "Measures" put forward many requirements for the management of qualification certificates, such as not being altered, resold, leased or lent. After the EIA document is stamped with the official seal, it must be reviewed by the technical general manager of the EIA agency before the final result of the EIA agency is submitted to the competent administrative department of environmental protection (such as the general manager).
Qualification management
The unique management system of EIA institutions mainly includes file system, certificate seal management system,
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Work) signature, that is, to play the role of institutions. When applying for reducing the number of copies of agency qualification, EIA engineers must truthfully record the number of copies and reasons for applying for qualification to avoid the qualification being used by others. In the management, it is found that many EIA agencies lack effective records in the use of qualification certificates, the use of legal person signatures and seals, and the management of unit official seals. Some EIA agencies have records, but the audit column is missing. Because the registration system is a mere formality, EIA staff apply for a large number of stamp qualifications at one time, and some of them are used to replace the revised documents in the declaration process, which makes it difficult for EIA agencies to control the revised status of EIA documents and fail to play the role of gatekeeper, resulting in some EIA documents being revised many times, leaving a bad record in the environmental protection administrative department. Individual qualifications are used in other projects and are suspected of borrowing or hanging certificates. Such acts will be punished according to the "Measures" to cancel their evaluation qualifications. It is suggested that EIA institutions establish a strict system for the use and signing of qualification certificates.
The problem of team building.
First, ensure the learning right of full-time EIA technicians. The EIA engineer is the backbone of the team, the overall gatekeeper and the first responsible person of EIA documents. According to the Interim Provisions on Continuing Education of Environmental Impact Assessment Engineers, environmental impact assessment engineers need to complete at least 48 hours of continuing education within the validity period of registration. At present, the personnel with employment certificates are the front-line personnel of various environmental assessment agencies and undertake a lot of specific work.
In this special law enforcement inspection, it was found that some EIA engineers knew nothing about the latest EIA management requirements issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. If EIA engineers are not familiar with the latest requirements of environmental management, it is difficult to guarantee to provide high-quality technical advice to the society. Therefore, EIA agencies should create more learning opportunities for full-time staff. For example, carry out internal training exchanges, convey the latest environmental protection requirements to every full-time technical personnel, and unify the standards for preparing EIA documents within the unit; Invite EIA experts to give lectures to further improve the technical level; In view of special problems, a research team can be formed to organize study in a unified way and sum up experience.
Second, pay attention to the rationalization of the talent team structure. At present, most of the EIA teams of various EIA agencies are mainly environmental science and environmental engineering. Environmental assessment personnel with environmental science background have a relatively accurate grasp of environmental policies and management requirements, are familiar with environmental protection technologies, and have professional advantages in engaging in environmental assessment industry. However, judging from the current development trend of environmental impact assessment, the connotation of environment is expanding and the requirements of management are deepening. For example, the groundwater guideline issued and implemented by 20 1 1 is a great test for all EIA practitioners. Groundwater is very professional, so units engaged in groundwater environmental impact assessment must be equipped with corresponding professionals in hydrogeology, groundwater science and engineering. Therefore, EIA agencies should attach importance to full-time personnel with professional backgrounds such as atmospheric, groundwater and surface water simulation, and better grasp the guidelines from a professional perspective.
According to the Catalogue of Classified Management of Construction Projects, the types of industries that need environmental impact assessment are complex, and the construction projects in different industries have their own industry characteristics and pollution emission characteristics. Engaged in environmental impact assessment of different projects, you must have certain professional knowledge in this industry. For some relatively simple projects, you can complete them with certain professional knowledge. However, for some large-scale and professional projects, EIA agencies must be equipped with relevant professional and technical personnel in order to better grasp the construction content of the project and refine the pollution production links.
At present, the common problem of various EIA institutions is the younger personnel structure. However, EIA is a highly professional industry, and it is necessary to ensure that a certain proportion of experienced full-time EIA personnel are engaged in specific EIA work in the front line. If these personnel only participate in the overall check and review of EIA documents, they will not be able to help, and the service level of EIA institutions will be difficult to improve. Therefore, on the one hand, EIA agencies should retain experienced EIA talents, on the other hand, they should pay attention to the collocation of personnel, and the structure is reasonable in order to play a better role.
Third, strive to introduce expert talents. At present, although the EIA team is younger, the academic level of the team is developing to a high level, which has laid a good foundation for the upgrading of the EIA industry. For EIA practitioners, if they only stay at the stage of project EIA, after the initial adaptation period, they will encounter the bottleneck of career development and their interest in the industry they are engaged in will decline, which is one of the main reasons for the high mobility of employees in many EIA institutions. In order to retain talents, besides work,
Environmental Protection Volume 4 1 Issue 22 20 13
personnel management
Full-time technical personnel for environmental impact assessment include environmental impact assessment engineers and holders of post certificates for environmental impact assessment (hereinafter referred to as "post certificate personnel"). According to the Measures, EIA agencies must have a certain number of full-time EIA technicians before they can apply for corresponding qualifications. In actual management, it is found that the evaluation qualification of many institutions has been reduced or cancelled mainly because of insufficient personnel. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers of EIA institutions should pay attention to the dynamic management of the talent team, so that the lost EIA personnel can be replenished in time and even have a certain talent reserve.
The construction of talent team is the foundation for EIA institutions to settle down. Environmental impact assessment itself is a process of intellectual input. The level of full-time technicians in EIA institutions directly determines the level of service quality, which determines the social recognition and views on EIA industry, thus ultimately determining the fate of the industry. Therefore, managers of EIA institutions should consider from the perspective of institutional capacity building and long-term development.
The promotion encountered should also create hope for the development of employees. First, encourage full-time EIA technicians to participate in academic activities. At the same time, full-time EIA technicians are encouraged to rely on their professional background to engage in EIA business and carry out related research. Secondly, create opportunities to participate in planning EIA. Planning EIA jumped out of the limitation of project EIA, and guided development with the concept of sustainable development and environmental protection from the perspective of regions and industries. rule
44 point of view observation and thinking
Planning EIA requires compilers to have overall and comprehensive grasp ability. Because many technical methods of planning EIA are developing, it can fully mobilize the enthusiasm and subjective initiative of compilers. Finally, strive to introduce experts. From the industry point of view, train full-time EIA technicians to become experts who know both industry knowledge and EIA professional knowledge, and then recommend them to the environmental protection department to become members of the expert database. Having expert talents is not only a boost to the EIA level of this institution, but also a good opportunity for personal development.
Process. Therefore, EIA agencies should pay attention to the process of keeping files for management to consult.
For the double inspection mechanism, many EIA agencies believe that EIA engineers are responsible for their own EIA documents, and then auditors can review and sign them. As a result, many projects are reviewed by two EIA engineers, resulting in the level of EIA documents staying at the technical level of these two EIA engineers, without giving full play to the technical strength of the team. During the inspection, it was also found that some EIA agencies did not have a chief engineer and were finally audited by the company manager. The agency lacks technical comprehensive control and job setting.
To solve the above problems, EIA institutions should pay attention to the importance of institutional checks, and the audit of EIA engineers is only a link of institutional checks. More importantly, it reflects the overall quality control of EIA documents by EIA agencies. For example, if the chief engineer's office is set up, the chief engineer with higher technical level should export the EIA documents well, and the chief engineer is preferably a technician above senior engineer.
Second, pay attention to the continuity of technical knowledge. At present, the technical talents in EIA industry are highly mobile, so we should pay attention to the continuation and accumulation of technical knowledge. In the process of our technical review of environmental impact assessment documents
Now, the two EIA documents declared by the same EIA agency before and after have the same problem. This is mainly because the EIA agencies use the same document template, but the engineers who undertake the two EIA documents are different. After the technical evaluation of the first EIA document, the evaluation center revised the existing problems, while the project leader of another EIA document did not know the existing problems of the previous document. This shows the lack of technical management of EIA institutions. For EIA institutions, it is a process of technical improvement to submit EIA documents to the assessment center for technical review, and the problems raised by them should be carefully studied and accumulated. At present, many EIA institutions adopt the person-in-charge system, and the list of questions put forward by the assessment center may only be known by the project leader, but it is not shared within the institutions, which is one of the main reasons why the turnover of personnel in many EIA institutions has a great impact on their quality. EIA agencies should summarize and sort out the daily EIA documents, especially the problems and suggestions put forward by the management department, which is an important content for EIA agencies to maintain technical continuity.
(Hou Kebin, Beijing Environmental Impact Assessment Center; Yang Fang, Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau; Li Weibo, Beijing Jingcheng Jiayu Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.; Xu Zhenqiang, China Urban Science Research Association)
quality management
First, establish an effective quality assurance system. According to the Measures, environmental impact assessment institutions should have a sound quality assurance system for environmental impact assessment; According to document No.69 of Environment and Development [2008], "The quality audit mechanism of environmental impact assessment documents shall be double-checked by environmental impact assessment engineers and environmental impact assessment institutions". According to the on-site inspection of special law enforcement, most EIA agencies have established an EIA quality assurance system, and some have passed the ISO quality system certification. However, in the implementation of the system, there is a lack of effective records and it is impossible to provide relevant evidence to prove the double check.
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Drawing lessons from international experience to promote the healthy development of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone
-Seminar on Planning Scheme of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone was held.
1 65438+1October1,the planning scheme seminar of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone was held in Shenyang. The seminar was hosted by the Management Committee of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone and undertaken by Zhongzhou Jiuneng Energy Investment Management Co., Ltd., Environmental Protection Magazine and Swedish Environmental Science and Technology Center. The seminar lasted for 4 days. Zhang Jianqiang, executive deputy director of the Management Committee of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Li Jining, director of the Management Committee of Chemical Industry Park of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Zheng Lixin, president of Zhongzhou Jiuneng Energy Investment Management Co., Ltd., and experts and business representatives from scientific research institutions in China and Sweden attended the seminar.
It is understood that according to the compilation of the new urban master plan and environmental master plan of Shenyang Development Zone, it is urgent to implement a comprehensive solution of design, technology, construction, operation and capital in the three stages of planning. The seminar plan focuses on this goal.
At the seminar, Li Jining, director of the Chemical Industry Park Management Committee of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone, and Zheng Lixin, president of Zhongzhou Jiuneng Energy Investment Management Co., Ltd. introduced the overall environmental planning of Shenyang Development Zone, the planning of Shenyang Chemical Industry Park and the comprehensive situation of Shenyang Development Zone. Swedish experts shared the experience of Swedish environmental planning and eco-industrial planning, which provided reference for the future planning of Shenyang Development Zone. Among them, Gothenburg, Sweden, through scientific planning, developing bioenergy, reducing environmental pollution and promoting urban sustainable development, has targeted reference value for Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone.