Foreword:
All the viewpoints in this paper are from Zhu Yongxin's annual master report "The Beauty of Adults in Art Education", which is relayed in his own language. The reason why these two points are written separately is because in my opinion, the problem of art education needs to be solved urgently, hoping to arouse some thoughts of educators.
The National Education Research Institute conducted a questionnaire survey on more than 50,000 undergraduate graduates when making a comparative study of art education in the academic year of 1999-2000 and 2009-20 10. One of the questions is: "What knowledge is most useful?" The result of the answer is quite intriguing. The answer to graduation 1-5 years is "basic skills", the answer to graduation 6- 10 years is "basic principles", and the conclusion to graduation1-15 years is "interpersonal relationship", while graduation1.
This shows that the knowledge of basic skills, basic principles and interpersonal relationships has a short-term impact on a person, while art education has a long-term impact on a person, even for a lifetime. There are various acute problems in present education, one of which is the lack of art education, or even the excessive alienation of art education, which leads to the loss of its original artistic charm.
Art is of great significance in the early life of individuals. From the perspective of genetics, children and art are the closest, and every child has an artistic heart. Children are born artists, and games are the best way to connect children with art. The study found that the degree of children's games at an early age directly determines the quality of their growth. Some far-sighted educators believe that art education should be the main theme of school life during the age of 7- 14. Childhood without art is incomplete, and life without art is bleak. Suhomlinski said: "What you missed in childhood can't be made up in adolescence, and it is even more hopeless in adulthood. This law involves all areas of children's spiritual life, especially aesthetic education. " Therefore, we should not miss the art education in childhood. Once you miss it, you will miss it for a lifetime.
In addition, art education can also make people return to themselves and discover themselves. At the same time, art education is inseparable from concentration, persistence and pertinence in the learning process. Therefore, art education has cultivated the excellent quality of human beings to some extent. No matter from which angle, art education is an indispensable part of a person and should be tied up with life. However, the current art education in China is facing many problems in its development. Next, based on the reality and my understanding of art education, on the basis of Zhu Yongxin's point of view, I will talk about many problems existing in art education.
First, the goal of art education is utilitarian, with narrow extension and vulgar content.
Art education in ordinary primary and secondary schools is basically utilitarian, that is to say, art education is a course first, not an indispensable part of students' life. In school, art education is limited to a few top students and special students, and the improvement of artistic literacy has become the patent of a few people and evolved into the result of quality education. In fact, art education is not the patent of a few people, that is to say, all students in the school have equal access to art education resources. In the family, art education is almost alienated. Parents simply think that art education is to pass the exam and get extra points. Art education is even to compare with others, but it is actually an "anti-art" behavior in the name of education. Because in art education, parents and remedial classes often emphasize not to make children's lives happy and complete through art education, but to make children hate art in an "artistic way". According to statistics, 90% of children who are forced to practice the piano when they are young are reluctant to touch the piano when they grow up.
There are also many teachers and parents who simply regard art as music education, art education and dance education, which leads people to pursue art education unilaterally and ignore the real art education. Art education plays an edifying and leading role in daily life.
With the vulgarization of the content of art education, some schools are surrounded by pop art, closer to pop music, movies and singers, thus far away from national art and elegant art, and even the art education of traditional culture only stays in the training of knowledge and skills. The scope of traditional culture is actually very wide, including Yuan Dian, Chinese medicine, music education, self-cultivation and so on. Even many people have not inherited it. But now when people mention traditional culture, they simply think that reading four books and five classics is traditional culture.
Second, the art education curriculum is marginalized and the classroom is single.
Art education curriculum is in a weak position in almost all school education, and even dispensable. Art courses in many schools have been reduced to "miscellaneous courses" and "minor courses", which are on the verge of being able to go up or down. Under the baton of exam-oriented education, teachers are more inclined to ask the sea tactics for the main courses, which takes up a lot of time, making art education "nowhere to hide" and art education has been "occupied" for a long time. Even many schools have "Yin-Yang" timetables. Normal school education has made two sets of timetables. One set of timetables is used to cope with the inspection of the education department, and the other set of timetables arranges the actual classes. But even so, the other set of timetables.
Simplification of art education curriculum. The general art teaching is rigid, single in form, outdated in content, and teachers are not careful in preparing lessons or have limited professional quality, which leads to a large number of coping and casual elements in the classroom, which can not really stimulate students' artistic interest, let alone cultivate students' artistic hobbies. Over time, students' interest in art classes is not high, which further reduces the interest and fun of art teachers.
It should be human nature that the marginalization of art education and the simplification of curriculum lead to students losing interest in art education. Education without artistic nourishment is boring, and life without artistic nourishment is dry.
Third, art education for adults and children
Most art education is "manipulated" in the adult world, that is, what do children learn?
What kind of art is not decided by children themselves, but educators or parents live an involuntary art education life with adults' feelings, eyes, thinking and methods instead of children. This kind of art education is not to cultivate children's artistic interest and talent, but to pay attention to the results of art education, not to cultivate children's eyes and ears to discover beauty, but to "intimidate" children with difficult skills and so on. Recently, it is often reported in the media that children are paralyzed by learning dance, which makes art education happen from time to time.
Art education has even become the "best policy" for many children who fail to meet the standards in cultural courses, because the requirements for cultural knowledge are not very high, which directly leads to art education becoming a "special channel" for students with poor cultural knowledge. In the art education in colleges and universities, art seems to have been far away from life. People often think that people who dress strangely are "artists". In fact, art is the elegant taste of ordinary life. But now, when it comes to art, it seems to be no different from "alternative".
Fourthly, the desertification of rural art education.
Art education is still a short board in rural areas. The lack of art teachers in rural schools has great limitations on the development of art education, and even if it is carried out, it does not meet the psychological characteristics of children. For example, when I was in primary school, although I had offered music courses, because there was no professional music teacher, most of the songs we learned in music classes were pop songs, such as Love and Love, and we didn't know the simple music score at all. At that time, some people could sing pop songs, but they couldn't sing a children's song of their own. This is my lifelong regret.
Fifth, the art curriculum lacks management.
Nowadays, with the country's emphasis on art education and increasing investment in art education, many schools have special music equipment and music classrooms, but these have been idle for a long time, even many years later. The reason is: 1 Art teachers do not take the initiative to develop art courses; 2. The school's attitude towards art education is still "turning a blind eye". For rural children, educators only need to meet the minimum requirements, rather than promoting children to Excellence through various means. Of course, most art education teachers will not take the initiative to develop courses. In order to improve students' art education, schools should carry out fine management of art courses.
Although art education in some schools seems to be in good condition, it is actually specially set up to cope with the inspection by superiors. For example, students' art works and scientific and technological works are always those works, and students are better than one, so for freshmen, they just stay to see or touch the works made by their children before. Although they have been highly praised by their superiors in the inspection, for children, there is no improvement in creativity and art, and most of them are bored with art classes, so they think this is the performance of art.
The utilitarian nature of education makes art education also utilitarian. When cultivating children's art education, people basically choose according to which art is more useful for children's future. In fact, it is difficult for a person to know which kind of education is most useful for his life. Just as most students spend more time learning knowledge at school, knowledge seems to retreat behind the scenes of life after taking part in work, and art education stands in front of the screen of the spiritual world.
Art is another key to the world, so whether it is school education or family education, children's art education must not be ignored. One end of art education is children's spiritual world, and the other end is their own life.
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