Koi fish belongs to CYPRINIDAE in biology. There are more than 3,700 species of CYPRINIDAE in 2 10 genus in the world, which is a kind of advanced ornamental fish popular in the world today. A living gem in the water? 、? The art of swimming? Good name. Let's take a look at the breeding technology in koi fish and the prevention and treatment technology of common diseases in koi fish. I. Growth habit of koi fish 1. Water quality: koi fish has low requirements for water quality and is suitable for living in a slightly alkaline and low hardness water environment. 2. Environment: The suitable temperature range in koi fish is 2℃ ~ 30℃, but it can't resist the sudden change of water temperature. If the temperature difference suddenly exceeds 2℃ ~ 3℃, koi fish will feel uncomfortable. The optimum water temperature is 20℃ ~ 25℃. 3. Feeding habits: koi fish is an omnivorous fish, and general molluscs, fragments of higher aquatic plants, benthos, even tiny algae or synthetic granular bait can be eaten. 2. The culture technology of koi fish 1. Fish species selection: Fish species with healthy body, no trauma, no desquamation and other diseases, bright body color, diverse colors and clear boundaries should be selected. ① Body shape: The fish is required to have a straight back, a balanced body, a stable and correct swimming posture and a strong body. The shape of the cheek and the position of the mouth should be correct, without skew, full at both ends without depression, symmetrical and complete fins, and flexible when swimming. ② Color: It is the most intuitive embodiment of koi fish. When choosing, those bright, gorgeous, clear stripes, neat edges and dazzling are the top grades. As for stripes, you can choose according to your personal preference. 2. Feeding density: Please refer to the koi fish density table for stocking fish ponds in general. The density of water cluster box is generally 60 cm? 30 cm 15cm can breed 6 koi fish with body length 15cm ~ 20cm, 90cm? 30 cm 8 can stock 50 cm, 1 10 cm? 30 cm and 50 cm can be stocked 10 tail. 3. Feeding bait: koi fish is an omnivorous fish, so it is best to feed synthetic granules, bait, bean cakes, vegetable cakes, bread crumbs, fish worms, clams, crab meat, duckweed, etc. It is best to feed the fish regularly to avoid the stress reaction of the fish. Three, the four seasons management in koi fish 1, spring: The weather is warm and cold at first, and koi fish begins to recover from hibernation, and the breeding is moved from indoor to outdoor, but special attention should be paid to sudden cooling, timely film mulching and keeping the water temperature stable. The feeding amount is mainly plant bait, and the feeding amount is gradually increased from less to facilitate the digestion and absorption of koi fish. 2. Summer: When the weather is hot and scorching, plastic sunshade nets must be covered to prevent direct sunlight, and it is most appropriate to reduce the sunlight illumination from 8000 ~ 12000 lux to 5500 ~ 5800 lux. 3. Autumn: The weather is less rainy and sunny, and the water temperature drops obviously, which is most suitable for the growth of koi fish and can increase the proportion of animals (protein), such as silkworm chrysalis. Increase investment and promote rapid growth. 4. Winter: The weather is cold. When the temperature drops to 0℃, koi fish should be moved to indoor fish ponds for wintering. Indoor water temperature should be kept at 2℃ ~ 10℃. Pay attention to keep warm, feed properly and prevent diseases. The wintering period in koi fish is 1 1 to March of the following year. 4. koi fish's cultural misunderstanding 1. Koi fish released the new koi fish fish tank too early: Even if the best nitrifying bacteria were used, koi fish would not be released until the third day, and premature release of koi fish would only do more harm than good. 2, overfeeding: generally only once a day, remember not to feed more than twice a day. Because the novice has not fully grasped the water quality and the influence of excrement and food residue bait on the water quality, it is enough to feed once a day, and the feeding amount should not be too much. Don't overfeed koi fish for fear of not having enough to eat. After all, the probability of starving fish in koi fish is too low. Overfeeding koi fish will only kill them. 3. Filtration: The continuous operation of the filter is very important, and the nitrifying bacteria population on the filter material is the biggest guarantee to ensure the health of koi fish. Replacing all the filter materials with new ones, or cleaning them too cleanly, is a death warrant for koi fish. The correct method is to separate the time of changing water and cleaning filter materials, and clean filter materials in batches or casually. If the fish in koi fish have problems after cleaning the filter, please stop feeding for two or three days immediately and add nitrifying bacteria immediately. 4. Wrong choice of fish tank in koi fish: Note that the smaller the fish tank in koi fish, the more difficult it is to control the water quality, and the larger the water capacity of fish tank in koi fish, the less difficult it is to control the waste concentration. In addition, many novices buy a small koi fish fish tank, and koi fish fish tank has a filter tank behind it, which is difficult to clean thoroughly. If you want to clean it, you may change too much water. Therefore, novices are not recommended to try this koi fish fish tank. 5、? Chaos? Add medicine? Chaos? Change water? Chaos? Screen washing: these three? Chaos? Usually beginners make the most common mistakes, three together? Chaos? There's a 90% chance that koi fish will all be killed, especially those who raised little koi fish. When there is a problem with fish in koi fish, please stop feeding, then change some water, add better quality nitrifying bacteria, and immediately ask an expert to help you judge before deciding how to deal with it. 6. Don't change the water: If you keep koi fish for too long, don't change the water too much. The frequency of changing water varies with the species and feeding amount of koi fish, ranging from once a month to once a week, and novices can choose to change it every two weeks. The water exchange rate should be within 1/3, and the water adding speed should not be too fast, at least within 20~30 minutes. Because the change of pH value of water has a great influence on koi fish, don't forget to add water stabilizer before adding water, and it will be too late to add water. V. Prevention and Treatment of Common Diseases in koi fish koi fish has strong vitality and few diseases, but it is necessary to disinfect aquaculture ponds and fish bodies. Frequent application of quicklime and trichlorfon. The sick fish should be diagnosed and treated in time. Prevention and treatment of fish diseases The common fish diseases in koi fish mainly include water mold, gill rot, enteritis, squamatosis, cucurbitaciasis, dactylosis and so on. 1, finger disease. Dactylogyrus parasitizes on the body surface and gill filaments of fish, and the gill flap is swollen and gray. The crystal trichlorfon solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.4 mg/L can be sprayed to the whole pond for control. You can also soak fish 10-30 minutes in 0.2 mg/L potassium permanganate solution. 2. There are gray cotton wool-like hairless hyphae on the fish body surface, and there are symptoms of water mold (dermatophyte, white disease). Control method: malachite green is soaked in 0.2 ppm ~ 0.4 ppm and 0.5ppm formalin; Mix 400 ppm ~ 500 ppm salt and 400 ppm ~ 500 ppm sodium bicarbonate into a mixture, and concentrate the sick fish in a small pond. Oral vitamin E, 0.4-0.6 g per 10 kg of fish weight per day, can enhance the resistance. 3. The symptoms of enteritis are black body color, red and swollen anus, swollen abdomen and yellow mucus overflowing from abdominal cavity. Control method: furazolidone 0. 1ppm~0.7ppm ~ 0.7ppm, mixed with oxytetracycline and fed as bait; Furazolidone 1 g ~ 2 g/100 kg orally for 3 days; Mash a small amount of garlic and feed it for 3 days. 4, small melon disease. There are white spots on the body surface, fins and gills of sick fish. In severe cases, the skin and fins of sick fish are covered with white spots and covered with white mucus. You can use 10- 15 mg L of formalin and 1-2 mg/L of methylene blue to spray in the whole pool, 1 time, once every other day, 2-3 times in a row. 5, scale disease (scale disease, pine scale disease) symptoms The fish body surface is rough, the whole body scales stand up like pine balls, the scales are edema at the base, and there is exudate inside. Control: furacilin 1ppm. Feeding in 0.5% salt water, stopping eating for 2 days, and feeding 0.6 g sulfadiazine bait to each tail every day. Soak in 2% saline solution 10 min. Erythromycin was soaked in 2.0 ppm ~ 2.5 ppm for 30 minutes ~ 50 minutes. 6. The symptoms of gill rot fish are slow movement, black body color and head. In severe cases, the cheeks rot and the cheeks are covered with small transparent windows. Control method: bleaching powder 1ppm soaking; Furacillin 1.5 ppm ~ 2 ppm soaking; Erythromycin 0.3ppm immersion; 0.5 ppm ~ 0.7 ppm copper sulfate overflowed. Through the above introduction, we now know the breeding technology in koi fish and the prevention and treatment technology of common diseases in koi fish. Koi fish originated in China, flourished in Japan, and then returned to China. It can be said that it has experienced. Export to domestic sales? Nowadays, koi fish is loved by more and more people because of its unique masculine beauty, and even dubbed as? The king of ornamental fish? The reputation of.