Liuzhou's industrial status today has actually developed through three important stages of precipitation and consolidation.
Zhang Qian, the champion of the late Qing Dynasty, set off a wave of saving the country by industry during the Republic of China. At that stage, the whole economy of China developed to a certain extent, including Guangxi.
However, the obvious feature is that most light industries developed during this period. It is not difficult to understand that the development of machinery industry and heavy industry needs the support of smelting technology, design level and manufacturing technology, so it is difficult to reach a higher level in a short time and the investment is huge.
After the five-port trade, especially allowing foreigners to set up factories in the mainland, it had a great impact on the handicraft industry in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and the handicraft industry declined. For example, the textile industry began to produce machines on a large scale.
From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, Guangxi handicraft industry was extremely prosperous. This is different from the coastal economic zone.
In the past, many people only knew the "coffin" of Liuzhou, but they didn't know that Liuzhou was first famous for its textile industry.
"Tube cloth" in Tang Dynasty, "willow cloth" in Song Dynasty, kudzu cloth, linen cloth and cotton cloth in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
In the early years of the Republic of China, Liuzhou began to weave with machines, and the output and quality were greatly improved.
The turning point of Liuzhou's industrial development was when Li Bai was in charge of Guangxi.
After the unification of Guangxi by Li and Bai, although they used troops abroad, they maintained strong control at home and the overall environment was relatively stable.
Therefore, "Li Bai" is determined to revitalize the economy and build Guangxi.
Developing emerging industries has become an important means to revitalize the economy. Of course, another purpose of developing emerging industries is to enhance our military strength.
After the war between Jiang and Gui, the relationship seems to have eased, but it is not. Jiang is a vengeful man, and one of the important means is that he tried to weaken Li Bai's military strength by blocking his foreign arms trade.
In the face of encirclement and suppression, "Li Bai" had to rely on their own efforts.
(The first car designed and produced by Guangxi)
Liuzhou was the best choice.
Why choose Liuzhou instead of Nanning or Guilin? Actually, it's for strategic reasons.
At that time, today's Qinbei defense was still under the jurisdiction of Guangdong, and Nanning was equivalent to the junction of Guangdong and Guangxi. Putting a new industry in Nanning is tantamount to exposing yourself to gunfire and bombing indiscriminately, leaving no rubble.
"Li and Bai" did not forget how easily the Guangdong army occupied Nanning, then occupied Guangxi and expelled Lu Rongting.
At that time, warlords were fighting, and Guilin, as the north gate, was also the first place where Hunan invaded Guangxi. Naturally, we can't put our things there.
As mentioned earlier, if the provincial capital is to resist foreign invasion, Guilin has enough strategic depth and terrain buffer. If it is coveted by internal and external warlords (such as Hunan), the situation is different.
The new industries are all in Liuzhou, with Guilin, Baise, Hechi and Nanning as buffers. It is impossible to destroy these emerging industries in a short time, and it can resist the invasion of Yunnan, Guizhou and Hunan warlords. This is very important, because many so-called emerging industries are military industries, which are related to the absolute control of Guangxi.
"Li Bai" has high hopes for Liuzhou. Under extremely difficult circumstances, he hired technical elites from Guangdong, Hong Kong and Britain with high salaries to support Liuzhou's emerging industries with the help of the whole province.
(Designer: Tang)
In the end, Liuzhou lived up to expectations and built its own cars and fighter planes in Guangxi, which was an absolutely remarkable achievement at that time and looked at the whole country.
Liuzhou took this opportunity to establish its position and become the center of machinery industry in Guangxi.
The far-reaching significance is that the invited technical elites have trained the first batch of technical industry workers in Liuzhou. Talent is the primary productive force. This has also become an industrial gene in Liuzhou people's bones.
In many fairy plays, we often see such a scene: a group of young people in their early twenties, with iconic student heads, carrying books full of ten or twenty kilograms and wearing a pair of worn-out shoes, migrated from all over the country to the southwest. When they met, they talked about the teachings in the books and were filled with emotion.
But the factory moved in before this.
Before the Battle of Songhu, the Kuomintang government, which felt that its strength was different, passed the Factory Relocation Act in order to preserve its industrial strength and economic lifeline, and planned to relocate a large number of industries in the developed eastern coastal areas to the southwest and northwest regions.
There are many mountain barriers in Guangxi, and there are abundant natural and mineral resources at the same time, so it is more suitable to build factories in such mountainous areas. So Guangxi became one of the main inward relocation places of factories at that time, and more than 230 factories moved to Liuzhou, Guilin and Wuzhou successively.
The inward relocation of industries has made up for the gaps in some fields of Guangxi's industry and built a complete industrial system with complete categories and equal emphasis on light and heavy industries. Guangxi's industry has developed vigorously, reaching an unprecedented height.
The inward migration of industry not only brought advanced equipment, but also brought a considerable number of technicians and skilled workers, production technology and management experience.
However, it is obvious that the technicians and skilled workers who moved in can't meet the production needs. Therefore, these technicians and skilled workers have cultivated and enriched Guangxi's industrial talent pool through guidance and various training courses.
Liuzhou was the city that benefited the most from the industrial migration, and the machinery manufacturing and military industry had formed a considerable scale at that time. After the opening of the Gui Xiang-Guizhou-Guangxi Railway, Liuzhou became a southwest traffic fortress, and its position as an industrial center was further consolidated and developed.
Because of its geographical barrier and strategic depth, Nanning did not get the "courtesy" from Liuzhou, Guilin, Wuzhou and other cities, nor could it be compared with Liuzhou at that time.
In terms of industrial development, the gap between South and Liu has widened.
1958 is a special year in the history of Guangxi.
This year, the autonomous region was established; This year, Chairman Mao visited Guangxi for the first time in history.
From a certain point of view, Chairman Mao's visit to Guangxi is no less significant than the circles and poems written by Deng Gong in the South China Sea of China.
With a stroke of Chairman Mao's pen, Nanning Jiangnan Industrial Zone, Liuzhou Liubei Industrial Zone and Guilin Wayao Industrial Zone were established one after another.
Since then, Guangxi has ushered in the east wind of aiding Xinjiang.
About the situation of Nanning Jiangnan Industrial Zone, because of the lack of historical data, it is impossible to verify it at present. The industrial and cultural corridor located in the creative block of Baiyi Shanghecheng in Jiangnan District, from which the representative Nanning veteran crafts are introduced, can roughly spy out the clues of Nanning's industrial categories in that year.
Interested friends can go and have a look.
Nanning watch factory, machinery factory, bicycle factory, silk and linen textile printing and dyeing factory, Nanning monosodium glutamate factory. ...
This was the industrial category of Nanning in those days. Compared with the "top ten industrial construction projects" implemented by the state in Liuzhou, Nanning's is simply not worth mentioning.
Liuzhou's projects include: Liuzhou Iron and Steel Plant, Liuzhou Electric Heating Plant, Liuzhou United Machinery Plant, Liuzhou Chemical Plant and Liuzhou Power Machinery Plant.
Does it feel particularly familiar? !
Yes, they are the predecessors of Liuzhou industrial giants such as Liugang, Liugong and SAIC-GM-Wuling.
These are the foundations of Liuzhou Industrial Building! Liuzhou Industrial Building is 100 feet high. The foundation stone was laid that year, and it was inseparable from policy support and hard work of several generations.
After three stages of consolidation and precipitation, Liuzhou has become the industrial center of Guangxi today in nearly a hundred years.
Don't forget the well digger when drafting. Among the strugglers, Guangxi, especially Liuzhou, should be most grateful to the disciples and grandchildren trained by technicians in those years. They responded to the call of the country and went to Guangxi and Liuzhou from all over the country, and then took root in the local struggle. Among them, there are industrially developed cities like Shanghai.
In the above narrative about how Liuzhou was gradually established as an industrial center from a textile town, we inserted the situation of Nanning as a comparative introduction to give you an intuitive understanding.
Nanning's weak industrial base actually refers to heavy industry.
Liugang, Liugong, SAIC-GM-Wuling, etc. Very powerful and easy to remember. They are already the city cards of Liuzhou, just like Yuchai is to Yulin.
When it comes to Nanning, people can't seem to find a convincing business card. In recent years, South-South Aluminum has been struggling to death. Obviously, Nanning Foxconn does not have the scale, volume and influence of Zhengzhou Foxconn.
Today, Nanning's industry is influenced by historical factors, wartime environment, policy support and, of course, traffic and talent constraints.
For example, before the high-speed rail was built, it took me about 13 hours to travel from Nanning to Guangzhou next door in those years, and even the shuttle bus took nearly 10 hours.
For example, in the 1990s, when the spring breeze of reform was blowing all over the sky, Nanning failed to become the stupid pig that was blown by the wind because of talent constraints.
1990 Nanning1The proportion of illiterate and semi-illiterate people over 5 years old is still above 10%. Compared with 1982, the population with technical secondary school and high school education in urgent need of economic development decreased by 274 per 1982! Quote: Zhang Donghang talks about Nanning real estate development
Capital, technology, talents, policies, transportation, etc. The development of heavy industry is indispensable, and Nanning seems to be stretched.
This is the root cause.
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