First, the test questions:
Each major has four subjects: basic knowledge, relevant professional knowledge, professional knowledge and professional practical ability, which are divided into four and a half days. The number of questions in each subject is 100, and they are all multiple-choice questions, including A 1, A2, B 1, A3 and A4.
Examples of technical qualification examination questions for health professionals:
(1)a 1 type questions (single-sentence best multiple-choice questions) Each question consists of 1 stem and 5 alternative answers. The stem of this question is a narrative sentence. Among the alternative answers, only 1 is the best choice, which is called the correct answer, and the other four are interference answers. The interference answer is either completely incorrect or partially correct.
(2) The test structure of 2)A2-type questions (best multiple-choice questions plus case summary) consists of 1 brief medical record as the stem of the questions and five alternative answers, of which 1 is the best choice.
(3) Type 3)A3 (case-group-type best multiple-choice question) structure is to describe a patient-centered clinical scene first, and then ask two or three related questions, each of which is related to the original clinical scene, but the test sites are different and the questions are independent of each other.
(D) A4-type questions (case series multiple-choice questions) begin to describe a clinical scenario centered on a single patient or family, and then ask 3 to 6 related questions. When the disease develops gradually, new information can be gradually added. Sometimes some secondary or presupposed hypothetical information is stated, which is not necessarily related to the specific patient described in the case. The order in which information is provided is very important for answering questions. Each question is related to the initial clinical scenario and subsequent changes. Answering such questions must be based on the information provided by the questions.
(5) Type B 1 (compatibility of standards of the Young Nurse Qualification Examination Network) starts with five alternative answers. After choosing the answers, ask at least two questions and ask the candidates to choose an answer closely related to each question. In a set of questions, each alternative answer can be selected once or more, but it can also be selected once.
Second, the focus of the exam
(1) The content structure of the nurse qualification examination paper includes three aspects. They are:
1. Main nursing tasks
2. Nursing knowledge needed to complete the task.
3. Every question of common diseases can include the above three aspects, that is, taking common diseases as the background, using what you have learned to complete a specific nursing task.
For example, the patient, male, 78 years old, suffered from primary hypertension for 26 years and was hospitalized for heart failure. The doctor prescribed oral digoxin. Before applying digoxin to patients, nurses should first evaluate the following contents:
A. Heart rate, heart rhythm B.24-hour urine volume C. Respiratory frequency D. Blood pressure E. Edema degree This topic mainly investigates patients with hypertension complicated with heart failure (disease background). Nurses should use their own nursing knowledge (pharmacological knowledge) to evaluate patients (tasks) before using drugs.
(2) the main nursing tasks involved in the inspection
The main nursing tasks refer to the common nursing tasks of nurses in the initial stage of clinical work (0 ~ 3 years). Seven kinds of nursing tasks are involved in the examination, namely:
1. Take care of patients and meet their basic needs:
Carry out patients' daily nursing activities and nursing specific operations (such as daily life nursing, measuring vital signs, moving patients and maintaining patients' posture; Perform specific nursing operations, such as wound care, catheter placement, intravenous infusion, etc. )
2. Tasks related to adjuvant therapy:
Carry out activities of safe medication and assistance in treatment (including: checking compatibility contraindications, administering drugs according to correct procedures, administering drugs by different methods/routes, observing efficacy/adverse reactions, etc.). ).
3. Communication and coordination activities: communicate with patients to meet their psychological needs (including: evaluating patient/family support system, coping and maintenance, etc.). ) and communicate effectively in the medical team.
4. Evaluation/evaluation activities: evaluation/evaluation of patients (such as evaluation of physiological status, collection of various specimens, evaluation of laboratory test results, observation of treatment effect, repeated evaluation and other procedures). ).
5. Ensure patient safety: provide patients with a safe and effective treatment and rehabilitation environment (such as protecting patients from the threat of various injuries, providing a safe nursing environment, and evaluating the safety and effectiveness of patient care tools, etc.). ).
6. Health guidance: providing education support for patients and their families (evaluating knowledge level, explaining patients' current situation, providing health knowledge and nursing information, etc.). )
7. Ethical/legal activities: carry out activities related to the ethical and legal aspects of nursing work (such as protecting patients' privacy and reporting specific events as required). )
(3) Knowledge modules involved in the examination
Related knowledge module refers to the requirements of nurses for related knowledge when they complete the above nursing tasks, which mainly includes basic medical knowledge, nursing professional knowledge and skills closely related to nursing work, and social medical and humanistic knowledge related to nursing work.
1, the knowledge involved in the exam includes:
1). Basic medical knowledge needed for nursing work: basic knowledge of modern medicine, including: human life process; Anatomy, physiology, pathology and pathophysiology, pharmacology, psychology, immunology, medical microbiology and parasitology, nutrition, preventive medicine and other knowledge. People's network collects and sorts out.
2) Nursing professional knowledge and skills: Clinical knowledge and skills needed in nursing work are the main part of the exam. Including basic nursing skills, clinical manifestations of diseases, treatment principles, health assessment, nursing procedures and professional knowledge, health education and appropriate basic knowledge and skills of traditional Chinese medicine nursing.
3) Social and humanistic knowledge related to nursing, including laws and regulations, nursing management, nursing ethics and interpersonal communication knowledge.
Among the above knowledge modules, the examination contents of basic nursing, laws and regulations and nursing management, nursing ethics and interpersonal communication are shown in (5), and other knowledge modules highly related to clinical diseases will be tested in the background of various common diseases. For example, combined with arrhythmia, the ability of candidates to complete clinical tasks by using relevant basic medical knowledge, clinical manifestations of diseases, treatment principles, health assessment, nursing procedures, nursing professional knowledge, health education and other knowledge and skills is examined.
(4) Various common diseases involved in the examination.
Refers to the types of diseases that nurses care for patients at the beginning of clinical work. Its main classification basis is the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD- 10). The frequency of these diseases in the examination paper is related to the incidence of various diseases in clinic. When examining basic medical knowledge, nursing professional knowledge and skills, these diseases will appear as important information in the examination questions.
The following diseases may occur in the examination.
1. circulatory system diseases, including: cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, hypertension, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, valvular heart disease, infective endocarditis, myocardial disease, pericardial disease, peripheral vascular disease, varicose veins of lower limbs, thromboangiitis obliterans and cardiac arrest.
2. Diseases of digestive system, including stomatitis, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis, infantile diarrhea, intestinal obstruction (including intussusception, volvulus, intestinal adhesion), etc. ), acute appendicitis, abdominal hernia, hemorrhoids, anal fistula, perianal abscess, liver cirrhosis (including portal hypertension), liver abscess, hepatic encephalopathy, biliary tract infection, biliary tract fistula.
3. Respiratory diseases, including: acute upper respiratory tract infection (including acute infectious laryngitis), acute bronchitis, pneumonia (including adults and children, including bronchiolitis), bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, chronic pulmonary heart disease, hemopneumothorax (including spontaneous pneumothorax), respiratory failure (including acute and chronic) and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Infectious diseases, including measles, chicken pox, mumps, viral hepatitis, AIDS, Japanese encephalitis, scarlet fever, bacillary dysentery, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and tuberculosis (including lung, bone, kidney, intestinal tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis).
5. Skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases, including furuncle, carbuncle, acute cellulitis, acute purulent infection of hand, acute lymphangitis and lymphadenitis.
6. Diseases during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium, including: normal delivery, normal puerperium, spontaneous abortion, premature delivery, overdue pregnancy, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, placental abruption, placenta previa, abnormal amniotic fluid volume, multiple births and giant fetuses, fetal distress, premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy-related diseases, abnormal labor force, abnormal birth canal, abnormal fetal position, postpartum hemorrhage and amniotic fluid embolism.
7. Diseases and diseases originating in perinatal period, neonatal and neonatal diseases, including: normal newborn, premature baby, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, neonatal jaundice, neonatal frostbite syndrome, neonatal omphalitis, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal hypocalcemia.
8. Urogenital diseases, including: glomerulonephritis (including acute and chronic diseases), nephrotic syndrome, renal failure (including acute and chronic diseases), urolithiasis (including kidney, ureter and bladder stones), urinary system injuries (including kidney, bladder and urethra injuries), urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis and cystitis), benign prostatic hyperplasia, vulvitis and vaginitis.
9. Mental disorders, including: schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, hysteria, sleep disorder, Alzheimer's disease.
10. Injury and poisoning, including: trauma, burns (including chemical burns), heatstroke, drowning, foreign body in children's trachea, rib fracture, limb fracture, pelvic fracture, skull fracture, tetanus, bite (including poisonous snakes and dogs), abdominal injury, food poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, organophosphorus poisoning, sedative-hypnotic poisoning and alcoholism.
1 1. Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, including: lumbago and leg pain, neck and shoulder pain, bone and joint purulent infection, spinal and spinal cord injury, joint dislocation, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and osteoporosis.
12. Tumors include: primary bronchial lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, primary liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, renal cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, hysteromyoma, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole and invasive mole, leukemia, osteosarcoma and intracranial tumor.
13. Hematopoietic organs and immune diseases, including: iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, hemophilia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, allergic purpura and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
14. Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, including: simple goiter, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, diabetes (including adults and children), gout, malnutrition/insufficient calorie intake in protein, rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency, and tetany caused by vitamin D deficiency.
15. Nervous system diseases, including: increased intracranial pressure, acute cerebral hernia, scalp injury, brain injury, cerebral embolism, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, transient cerebral ischemia (TIA), trigeminal neuralgia, acute demyelinating polyneuritis, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, purulent meningitis, viral meningoencephalitis and convulsions in children.
16. Factors affecting health status and their connection with health care institutions, life development health care, including: family planning, pregnancy health care, growth and development, child health care, adolescent health care, women's health care, and elderly health care.
(5) Other knowledge modules
The examination contents of basic nursing, interpersonal communication, laws and regulations, nursing management and ethics are as follows:
Basic nursing and skills: the quality and code of conduct of nurses
Nursing project
Hospital and inpatient environment
Prevention and control of nosocomial infection
Nursing care of hospitalized and discharged patients
Lying position and safety nursing
Cleaning care of patients
Vital sign assessment
Nursing care of patients' diet
Cold and heat therapy
Excretion nursing
Drug therapy and allergy testing
Intravenous infusion and blood transfusion
Specimen collection
Observation of illness and rescue of critically ill patients
Nursing care of dying patients
Writing and handling of medical and nursing documents
Laws and regulations and nursing management
Laws and regulations related to nurses' practice: Nurses' Regulations, Measures for the Administration of Nurses' Registration, Infectious Diseases Prevention Law, Tort Liability Law, Regulations on Handling Medical Accidents, Blood Donation Law, etc.
Organizational principles of hospital nursing management
Organizational structure of clinical nursing work
Nursing quality standards commonly used in hospitals
Defects and management of hospital nursing quality
Nursing ethics
Ethics and code of conduct in nurses' practice; Rights and obligations of nurses; Patients' rights: privacy, information and judicial power.
interpersonal communication
Basic theory and technology of interpersonal communication
Interpersonal communication in nursing work
Communication methods in nursing practice