Written in the front: Chinese teachers should use reading to improve their spirit, enrich their lives with words, cultivate their temperament with elegance, gain insight into life with keen insight, ignite students with passion, treat their careers with rigor, defend civilization with conscience and walk in life with poetry. Reading, writing, reflection, diligence, persistence, pursuit, embedding these keywords into the journey of life, the road will be wider and wider.
The third part of Chinese curriculum standard, "implementation suggestions", requires teachers to develop synchronously with Chinese curriculum.
The specific requirements are: teachers are organizers and guides of learning activities; Teachers should strive to meet the needs of curriculum reform, keep learning, update their concepts, enrich their knowledge and improve their cultural literacy; We should study hard, carefully study textbooks, strengthen guidance and guidance to students in equal cooperation and interaction with students, and realize teaching and learning from each other; Teachers should follow the basic laws of teaching, give full play to their advantages and specialties according to their own characteristics and conditions, and strive to form their own teaching characteristics.
These implementation opinions put forward clear requirements for the development of teachers' classroom teaching level and professional quality. Under the current situation of new curriculum reform, we should strive to improve the professional quality of teachers, so as to improve the level of classroom teaching.
How to improve the professional level of teachers? The author believes that "stones from other mountains can attack jade". Learning from famous teachers, learning and imitating the growth path of famous teachers, learning and practicing the art of classroom teaching of famous teachers, self-control and self-pull should be important ways to improve teachers' professional quality and classroom teaching level.
First, walk into the famous teacher's classroom and feel the charm of the classroom
Whenever we listen to a famous teacher in class, we will feel this way:
First, their language is fluent, their feelings are full, their teaching attitude is natural and generous, and their recitation is hearty. Therefore, tempering basic skills, enriching oneself and creating "self-hardness" are the prerequisites for the success of Chinese teaching.
Second, the teaching styles presented in the classroom are different. Some pay attention to trying to figure out the language, some pay attention to problem traction, some pay attention to reading comprehension and so on. Different literary themes have different teaching methods, but through everyone's concentration, we can also see the degree of mastery of Chinese and texts. There is no definite teaching method, but the first thing is the accurate interpretation and in-depth excavation of the text, as well as the unique classroom teaching on this basis.
Third, they all show the vitality of Chinese. Emotion is the life source of Chinese teaching, and teachers are full of affection, which fully embodies the appeal and appeal of Chinese teachers. Chinese is a living subject, and only people with emotion and life can form an effective docking with her. The rich connotation in the text depends on the students' understanding, but it also depends on the teachers' awakening. If the teacher is dead, withered, mentally exhausted and emotionally exhausted, how can students be involved in the life of Chinese learning?
Fourth, teachers themselves are rare curriculum resources. Rich knowledge accomplishment is an inexhaustible source for Chinese teachers to show and explore, and teachers' resources are embodied in knowledge accomplishment. The external expression of knowledge accomplishment is the teaching language and teaching behavior in the classroom, and teaching behavior includes controlling the teaching wisdom in the classroom. The display of famous teachers in the classroom, from their use of language, can deeply feel their rich sense of language and literary accumulation, as well as strong ability to deal with problems on the fly. This calm and generous ability comes from one's own knowledge accomplishment. Only when Chinese teachers have rich knowledge can they become a guide for students' understanding and a resource for classroom teaching.
Listening to the historical buildings of young famous teachers, I feel that his classes are tall and straight in the mountains, magnificent in the deep sea, ethereal in the blue sky and deep and heavy in the earth. It seems that there is not a redundant detail, not a redundant word. His class is not a simple word "beauty" to describe. It can really be said that "like flowing water, there is no definite quality at first, and there is a right way at last, and it can't be stopped." His Chinese class shows the cultural connotation of Chinese, the main personality of Chinese and the original flavor of Chinese. His Chinese class is a real Chinese class.
While admiring the history teacher's class, the author has been thinking about why the Chinese class can be brought to such a state. After reading his articles such as Books Along the Way and Cultural Thinking of Chinese Teachers, I suddenly became enlightened. Because this book has given him too much profundity, elegance, perseverance, greatness, integrity, persistence, kindness and wisdom ... because he wants to "make our Chinese teaching closer to the teaching practice, more in line with the cognitive law, and more popular with students", he believes that "the ultimate goal of education is to cultivate people with profound cultural heritage, healthy harmony, distinctive personality and comprehensive and sustainable development". A good Chinese class hides a Chinese teacher's diligence, conscience and exploration. I think it would be really lucky for modern students and our Chinese education circle if every Chinese teacher can take Chinese lessons like a history and architecture teacher. I believe that as long as we have such a desire and can put it into practice, our Chinese teaching will certainly make progress.
Second, enter the course of famous teachers and interpret the secrets of growth.
How can I grow up to be an excellent Chinese teacher? Interpreting the growth experiences of famous teachers in China, especially young teachers, we find that there are several key words hidden in their life course.
One of the key words: reading
It is an indisputable fact that teacher China seldom reads books because she is busy with classes, correcting compositions and doing students' homework on weekdays. Those famous teachers, like us, have faced and still face the same practical problems. Some famous teachers grew up in an environment even worse than ours, but there is no one who does not read widely and likes reading. In this regard, the teacher's feelings about history and architecture can explain the problem: "I set the reading and writing volume almost harshly every day. At first, I was extremely uncomfortable. I often fight with myself, but later I have a tacit understanding and I can't stop. " In the first half of 2005 alone, I finished reading more than a dozen books by Ji Xianlin, Feng Youlan, Li Zehou, Zhou, Shen Zhiyuan, Zhu Yongxin, Xiaochuan and Heidegger. "Everyone is lazy, and the key is how to overcome it. Teacher Shi is undoubtedly an example for us to learn.
Excellent teachers have a great reading complex. Cheng Hongbing, a famous special-grade teacher, "Literature, history and philosophy love reading everything but reference books"; Zhao Qianxiang, a special-grade teacher attached to the Middle School of Tsinghua University, who is famous for his diligence, said that all he can do is to fly first, keep flying, recite ancient prose and words, read Ci Yuan and Ci Hai, and immerse himself in the appreciation of ancient and modern poems day and night. The study of Gao Wanxiang, president of Zhangjiagang Senior Middle School, "shows the ideological essence of human civilization at all times and at all times, just like a general with a million elite soldiers, and almost every' soldier' of him is a master of human thought".
Throughout the history of reading by famous teachers, the author thinks that the significance of reading lies not only in the accumulation and renewal of knowledge, but also in a habit, a consciousness and, to a greater extent, a form of life.
It can keep your thoughts fresh, keep your passion alive, and keep you from getting lost in mundane trifles, but you can always keep a new vision and fighting posture. This power of spiritual construction is beyond any money or power. In this sense, reading is a hotbed of Chinese education, and the history of Chinese teacher's spiritual development determines his teaching realm. Therefore, I strongly recommend that teachers who are interested in education in China study.
Keyword 2: Writing
"Chinese teachers should love writing", which is the words of Wang Dongsheng, a middle school teacher attached to South Normal University, and also the aspiration of famous teachers. Mr. Wang has always liked writing. After working in middle school, he wrote nearly a million words of teaching notes and work essays. Write column essays for newspapers from 1988. In the past ten years, he has published nearly 2000 essays and essays and four books. Among them, China People's Outlook on Life and China People's Employment Skills were published in Taiwan Province Province, translated into Korean and published in Seoul. He said all this was unexpected. He also said: "I never consider myself an essayist. I am a Chinese teacher, and writing is just my habit." I like writing, because I think every writing is discovery and creation. Similarly, in my composition teaching, I also tell students the joy of discovery and creation. If a teacher doesn't like writing, will his students love writing? Writing didn't take me much time, but it brought many new ideas to my teaching. Because after all, writing needs discovery, thinking and language training, and these are the basic qualities of Chinese teachers. Many of my colleagues have published literary works in public, and they all feel the same way on this point. Chinese teacher can't write, will it be regarded as fake? "
As an ordinary teacher, I feel the same way. Nowadays, Chinese teachers generally can't write and write decent articles, but they can talk about "ideas and skills" in composition class. In fact, it's a waste of breath. You should know the "Duck Prophet of Spring River Plumbing". Reading is the source of writing, and writing is the sublimation of reading. Only by combining reading and writing can we grow steadily. Writing should be another way of life for Chinese teachers. Therefore, the author wants to appeal: Chinese teacher, please pick up your pen and throw it into the water!
Keyword 3: Learn from students.
Many colleagues are used to putting on airs as teachers, thinking that only in this way can teachers have dignity and be respected. That was not the case. What those excellent teachers have in common is to be close to students and learn from them.
Cai Ming, the first batch of famous teachers in Jiangsu Province, said, "I always pay attention to students' needs and wishes. Students pointed out that it is difficult to improve the quality of reading, so I studied the characteristics and essence of reading with students, summed up the laws and methods, and wrote a paper on reading; Students point out that it is difficult to improve their writing level, especially the gap is large. I observe life, experience life, think about life, express life with students, conduct research and write articles around compositions. My teaching level has improved and my students have made great progress. " He often announces the spark of his teaching ideas to students, arouses their discussion and asks them to choose the best scheme, which benefits them a lot. His Chinese class has realized "between students, between teachers and students, opening their hearts and having a big collision of true feelings". Teachers have increased their practical skills in learning from students, which is "teaching and learning from each other".
Teachers who often go deep into students will also feel that they get more than just teaching from students. Cheng Xiang, a special-grade teacher in the middle school affiliated to Peking University, concluded: "Years of teaching work have made me realize that good teachers also have students' support. Without the supervision of students, there would be no teacher's growth. ..... The enlightening influence of students on me is not limited to study. In life, the excellent quality of students is also worth learning by teachers. "
Keyword 4: Reflection
Nowadays, the educational circles are advocating to be scholar-type teachers and reflective teachers. What is reflection? Teacher Li Zhenxi, the representative of "democratic education", explained it very well: "The same two college graduates were assigned to work in schools and worked hard. Three years have passed, and one of them has made little progress. At most, the students he taught were admitted to a higher school, while the other teacher was fruitful. What is the reason? The reason is that the former tries to cope with numbness every day. He worked for three years on the surface, but in fact he only worked for one day, because he repeated yesterday's story every day, and the latter really worked for three years, working with a thinking brain every day. This is what I call a reflective teacher. The so-called reflection, in my context, is not just' thinking', but an educational state, that is, an act of constantly adjusting, improving and upgrading one's educational quality. ..... specifically, it is' four non-stops': keep practicing, keep reading, keep thinking, and keep writing. " Teacher Li himself is a model in this respect. From the romantic attempt of the "Future Class" he just participated in to the realistic exploration of education by the democratization of class management, and then to the educational concept of "democracy, science and individuality", he embarked on the voyage of educational idealism. For more than 20 years, he has practiced the "four non-stops" in a down-to-earth manner and achieved remarkable results.
Keyword 5: Diligence and persistence.
Growth is a process of constantly climbing and surpassing in the same direction, and it must go through "hardships" to "succeed". Therefore, if you want to be an excellent Chinese teacher, you must be diligent and persistent. Chen Jun, a famous special-grade teacher, wrote in "Lighting Ode" that he recalled his experience: "Lighting in a cold pavilion will be unforgettable for life. I once recited the entries in Ci Hai published in the Republic of China under the lamp ... I once wrote a series of comments on classic texts under the lamp ... I wrote a manuscript paper about two meters high. Looking back now, I am glad for my infiltrating writing at that time. There was no utilitarian thought at that time. I only feel that as soon as I spread out the manuscript paper, I found the sky where life flies. In summer, there is no electric fan in the humble room. I went shirtless, with a bucket of cold water under the table, my feet in it, a wet towel around my neck, the doors and windows closed, everything was silent, only the wheels of my thinking were ringing ... After the baptism of' light', I was always refreshed in class. "
This kind of hard work and persistent spirit is possessed by every successful person. Teacher Sun, the founder of "three-dimensional teaching", also said: "In summer vacation, when the weather is hot, I will hang a wet towel around my neck, wear short shorts, lock the door and sweat hard; I went back to school on the afternoon of the first day of winter vacation "; Sun Hanzhou, a special teacher, spent half a day in intravenous drip during his illness. "But he used hanging water time to read textbooks, used hormones to treat diseases, and it was difficult to sleep at night. I turned disadvantages into advantages, burned the midnight oil, relearned 12 middle school Chinese textbook, and made more than 3000 reading cards. When it is no longer necessary to take injections and medicine, the monograph "Practical Rhetoric in Middle School" has become the first draft. Li Zhen, a special teacher, asked the librarian to lock him in the library after work in order to buy him time to study during his further study. Shi Jian, a famous young teacher, once lived in the shed where the oil tank was stored in the school. The pungent smell, wet ground and thin roof are often exposed to the hot sun in summer and the cold in winter. It is the life in this shed that shapes the strong character and unyielding will of historical buildings. In the cold winter, snowflakes are fluttering. On cold winter nights, he is often awakened by snowflakes drifting into the shed and can't sleep. At this time, only reading can dispel the cold on him. So he read a lot of books in the shed, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, especially Leo? A plot in Tolstoy's War and Peace deeply touched him: when Prince Andrey was injured and lying on the battlefield, it was the blue sky, vast grassland and rushing river in Russia, and the beauty of nature and heaven and earth saved him. At this time, Shi Jian cheer up, looking at the snowflakes flying outside, burying his head in a book. Life in the shed has made him unforgettable. Whenever he mentioned this past, the historic building always said, "When you are defeated by it, it is your shame;" When you beat it, it's your glory. "
Many of them don't have advanced diplomas. Teachers Cheng Xiang, Han Jun and Chen Jun graduated from normal colleges, teachers Li Weidong, Cai Ming and Shi Jianzhu came from normal schools, and teachers Gao Wanxiang and Min Xu Nan returned to their hometowns to farm after graduation, and later became substitute teachers. Many people were not lucky enough to teach at a prestigious school at first. Teacher Cai Ming graduated from a town in northern Jiangsu that shaves his head every year in the college entrance examination. Some teachers' educational exploration did not start very early. Teacher Zhao Qianxiang didn't start teaching reform until he was 45 years old. It is their unremitting pursuit that has made them what they are today. In their life stage, the clearest footprints are engraved, which are diligence and persistence.
Keyword 6: Learn to be a man.
Young teachers should pay special attention to this and strengthen their cultivation. Young people with personality and talent can easily rely on their own talents, tolerate dissent and refuse to listen to criticism. Self-blocking the channel of self-improvement and self-improvement is tantamount to prolonging the road of growth. If you don't succeed in life, you can't make great achievements in your career. The author has a lesson in this respect, and Mr. Cheng Xiang's experience should be valued.
Teacher Cheng believes that it is entirely appropriate for young people to have their own opinions. There is no contradiction between sticking to his own point of view and listening to others' opinions with an open mind, but he didn't understand this truth at first. The class he worked so hard to prepare was criticized by others, and he couldn't accept it. He always wants to argue. An old teacher warned him: "it is good for you to be advised by others." You can refuse to accept them, but you should always listen with an open mind. You argue with him, and he won't mention it to you again. No one gives advice, can you make progress? " This made him think deeply, and he reflected: "Self-transformation is a very painful thing. Being able to hone yourself in pain has a lot to gain. Since then, I have been strict with myself, not only making progress in my business, but also being mature in treating people. A person's real success is not only the success of professional skills, but also the success of life. An educator should be all-round. Knowing this, I will listen to anyone's opinion. I think I can make some achievements in Chinese teaching, and I can't do without the teaching of my predecessors and the help of my peers. I also realize that people's' self-immunity' ability is different. When we realize that we lack this ability, we should pay special attention to improving ourselves and enhancing our consciousness with the help of external conditions. If I have made progress in my ideological understanding, it is the good influence of external factors on me that has improved my consciousness. "
We often educate students to be modest, diligent and curious, but never forget yourself and be a group of people who are ashamed of their teachers. It is necessary to review two famous sayings of the sages: "If you have a threesome, you must learn from others first" and "If you learn from others, you must learn from others first".
Third, enter the thought of famous teachers and understand the teaching characteristics.
Mr. Wu Xintian, a famous special Chinese teacher and former provincial Chinese teaching and research researcher, has written nearly 100 articles on Chinese education with more than 500,000 words and published 340,000 personal collections. He was invited to hold nearly 100 lectures all over the country and wrote more than 30 books. A large number of outstanding young Chinese teachers such as Cheng Xiang and Shi Jianzhu have been trained. His achievements, his love and persistence in Chinese education and research, and his integrity are widely praised in the field of Chinese teaching in middle schools all over the country. The ancients said, "The avenue is silent and good as water." Based on his love for Chinese education and Chinese teachers, he instilled and put forward eight basic qualities of Chinese teachers:
1. Have a strong sense of responsibility, which is the primary moral element of teachers.
2. Have advanced educational ideas.
3. Have the necessary static and dynamic basic knowledge of Chinese.
4. Have a correct understanding of Chinese curriculum and Chinese teaching.
5. Have the basic organizational ability and certain teaching art of Chinese teaching in this period.
6. Have the basic knowledge of pedagogy and psychology and the ability to use it in teaching.
7. Have the spirit of reform and innovation.
8. Have a broad vision and a certain research ability.
Teacher Wu also summed up the five laws of Chinese teaching for us:
1. embodies the unity of literature and Taoism, and the unity of instrumentality and humanity.
2. Carefully study the text, taste the text and feel the text.
3. Reflect the people-oriented, student-centered concept.
4. Reflect the integration of teachers, students and teaching materials.
5. Pay attention to the combination of reading and writing, the combination of understanding and application, and the combination of in-class and extracurricular activities.
Teacher Wu said that to be a thoughtful Chinese teacher, we should be innovative and have original opinions, and explore a characteristic road that conforms to the laws of Chinese teaching and is suitable for the development of our classroom teaching.
Under the guidance of the older generation of famous teachers, the history and architecture teachers have embarked on a road with China's teaching characteristics.
Is teacher Shi's view of Chinese a subject? Life? Life. In the view of historical buildings, Chinese is the foundation of basic disciplines, the tool of life communication and the fulcrum of life promotion. As soon as a person is born, he walks into the vast world of Chinese studies. Since then, his life has been full of thinking and monologues, telling and arguing, reading and writing; In the ocean where he lives, he has profound thoughts and rich emotions. To this end, history teachers boldly innovate, pay attention to let students participate in teaching on an equal footing, and scientifically set up problem situations; Pay attention to the accumulation and use of language, guide students to taste and appreciate, and feel the charm of their mother tongue. He believes that the charm of Chinese classroom lies not only in the personality of Chinese, but also in the comprehensive quality and personality charm of teachers, and in creating a good teaching atmosphere. When talking about the standard of a good class, he said that the classroom is the home of teachers and students' lives, and a good class should be a classroom with full student activities, rich classroom accumulation, and the pursuit of plain, rich, substantial, solid and true. In teaching, teachers should be equal "chief" and play beautiful melodies with students; Teachers should be "supporting roles" to set off students' brilliance; Teachers should be a "hotline" to make students feel fresh and novel forever; Teachers should be "tour guides" to guide students to explore secluded places and appreciate the infinite scenery of dangerous peaks.
Teacher Shi thinks that a good composition should be "five words and two truths". "Five words" means that words are substantial, orderly, reasonable, colorful and innovative. "Two truths" are true feelings and insights.
Teacher Shi made eight distinctive Chinese "projects":
1. Comprehensive reading-improving humanistic quality II. Intensive reading-understanding the charm of mother tongue
3. Teachers and students write together-promoting the common development of * * * 4. Reread the classics-review the mental journey.
5. Topic exploration-cultivating academic awareness 6. Compiling Textbooks-Forging Self-study Ability
7. Dialogue with Classics-Drawing on Traditional Nutrition 8 pages. Learning Journal-Standardized Learning Process
Teacher Shi believes that "the extension of Chinese learning is equal to the extension of life". From interpersonal communication to international communication, Chinese is everywhere in our life. In our life, there are twists and turns in novels and conflicts in dramas, as well as the significance of poetry and the elegance of prose. A person with outstanding Chinese ability can adjust himself at any time through proper introspection and reflection, express himself in an appropriate and natural form and content, and reflect his profound personality charm. With the development of the times and the progress of civilization, people will gradually regard the level of mother tongue as an important criterion to measure a person's quality and accomplishment. With the strong support of China people, a person's words and deeds will show civilization, self-discipline, modesty, humor, profundity and self-confidence.
Historic buildings have elevated China people to a higher level of life. He believes that this is the highest realm of Chinese, which has gone beyond the scope of discipline and life and entered the spiritual world of a person or even a nation. The culture, ideas, concepts and traditions carried by China people will profoundly affect the evolution of life and spirit. In this realm, it is not difficult for us to understand that a literary master can become the spiritual leader of a nation and a country. It is not difficult for us to understand that a famous book can support a poor man to keep asking his own soul. It is not difficult for us to understand that an outstanding poet chose a bloody sunset when his career was in full swing. From this perspective, loving Chinese means building a house for your spiritual home; Loving Chinese is to supplement calcium for the soul; Loving Chinese is to let a person walk through every life post with holiness and self-confidence. ...
In short, in the actual teaching life, we also have many similar experiences with them, and we can even step onto the platform of famous teachers. It's a pity that we didn't succeed, because what we lack is the spirit of persistent pursuit and the spirit of innovation that dares to break the routine; Regard teaching and educating people as the lofty spiritual realm of lifelong career. Teachers, although we have no prominent position and rich material, we still have to shoulder the lofty mission entrusted to us by education. Together with the pioneers, instructors and practitioners of Chinese classroom teaching, we should stick to the main position of Chinese classroom teaching, stay away from glitz, abandon distractions and stick to the beautiful and pure ideal like Holden in The Catcher in the Rye.