Basic definition: a machine that can pump out or press in liquid or gas: water. ~ Room (the room where the pump is installed).

Detailed explanation

Transliterate characters. A machine that sucks and discharges liquids. Fluid can be lifted, transported or compressed.

Such as: water pump; Air pump; oil pump

Group words:

water pump

[shuǐ bèng]？

A pump that can be used to pump water from a low place to a high place or increase the water pressure.

oil pump

[yóu bèng]？

A pump used to pump or pressurize oil.

pump room

[Ben Fang]?

A building where a water supply system (such as a mineral spring) is installed and operated.

air exhauster

[fēng bèng]？

A device for pumping or compressing gas. Pumping is also called pump, and boosting is also called compressor. Also called air pump.

pumping station

[Ben zhàn]?

Pumping station is a device and project that can provide hydraulic and pneumatic power with a certain pressure and flow, which is called pump and pumping station project.

electromagnetic pump

[diàn cí bèng]？

A special kind of pump, whose working principle is that the moving charge is acted by the magnetic force in the magnetic field. The magnetic field, non-magnetic copper tube and current are at right angles to each other (see figure). The strong current flows transversely through the conductive liquid metal in the copper tube, and the liquid metal advances by using the magnetic field force. The flow rate can be adjusted by current. Good sealing and convenient maintenance. ...

Oil pump room

[yóu bèng fáng]？

In several power plants, the lamps and lanterns of oil pump motors, fan motors and oil pump rooms are non-explosion-proof, so they should be changed to explosion-proof ones. The cable clamp of oil pump motor is exposed, and a protective cover should be added. Some doors and windows are made of steel and should be changed into aluminum products; Some power lines are overhead, so they should be changed into hidden wires or cables.

magnetic drive pump

[cílébèng]？

Magnetic pump is mainly composed of pump head, magnetic actuator (magnetic cylinder), motor, connecting bottom plate and other parts.

vacuum pump

【zhēn kōng bèng】？

A pump that pumps the enclosed space into a predetermined vacuum.

rotary/hurling pump

[hui Zhuán bèng]？

Rotor pump, also known as rotary pump, is a pump whose rotor rotates in the pump body.

pump efficiency

[Bonzio lǜ]?

The ratio of pump output power to pump shaft power.

Sampling pump

[cüI yang bèng]？

Sampling pump is mainly used for sampling and collecting gas or liquid, which can be divided into gas sampling pump and liquid sampling pump according to working medium.

Molten salt pump

[róng yán bèng]？

A kind of molten salt pump series cantilever maintenance-free submersible molten salt pump, the bearing is above the liquid level and the bottom is sealed.

Rotary/throwing pump

[Xuán Zhuán bèng]？

It sucks and discharges liquid by rotating one or more rotors in the pump, which is also called rotor pump.

variant pump

【biàn pín shuǐ bèng】？

The shortage of water resources and energy resources is an important factor that restricts the economic development of China, and saving water and energy is the basic national policy for the sustainable development of social economy in China.

Zto beng machinery

【zh ng Tang bèng Xié】？

A group or organization formed voluntarily by an individual or a single organization to achieve a certain goal by signing an agreement. The Chinese translation of English Association is "association", which is different from the concept of trade union organization.

Oil isolation pump

[yóu gé lí bèng]？

Reciprocating piston pump for conveying solid-liquid two-phase fluid.

fire pump

【Xiāo Fang Shuǐbèng】？

Special fire pump or meet the national standard "performance requirements and test methods for fire pumps" GB? 6245 ordinary fresh water pump.

corrosion resistant pump

[nài fǔ shibin]?

Corrosion-resistant pump, as its name implies, is a corrosion-resistant pump, mainly used to transport corrosive liquids.

three screw pump

[sān luó gǎn bèng]？

According to the structure of the pump body and the screw, when the driving screw rotates, it drives the driven screw engaged with it to rotate together, and the volume of the screw engagement space at one end of the suction cavity gradually increases and the pressure decreases.

A pump is a machine that transports or pressurizes fluids. It transfers the mechanical energy or other external energy of the prime mover to the liquid, which increases the energy of the liquid. Pumps are mainly used to transport liquids such as water, oil, acid-base liquid, emulsion, suspension emulsion, liquid metal, etc., and can also transport liquids, gas mixtures and liquids containing suspended solids. According to its working principle, pumps can usually be divided into three types: positive displacement pumps, power pumps and other types of pumps. Besides the working principle, it can be classified and named in other ways. For example, according to the driving mode, it can be divided into electric pump and hydraulic pump; According to the structure, it can be divided into single-stage pump and multi-stage pump; According to the purpose, it can be divided into boiler feed pump and metering pump; According to the nature of the transported liquid, it can be divided into water pump, oil pump and mud pump. According to shaftless structure, it can be divided into linear pump and traditional pump. The water pump can only transport the logistics with fluid as the medium, but not the solids.

brief introduction

Application area

In the production of chemical and petroleum departments, raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are mostly liquid, and raw materials need to go through complicated technological processes. In these processes, pumps play the role of conveying liquids and providing pressure and flow for chemical reactions. In addition, in many devices, pumps are used to adjust the temperature.

In agricultural production, water pump is the main irrigation and drainage machinery. China's rural areas are vast, and a large number of pumps are needed in rural areas every year. Generally speaking, agricultural pumps account for more than half of the total output of pumps.

In mining and metallurgical industries, pumps are also the most used equipment. Mine drainage needs a pump, and mineral processing, smelting and rolling all need pump water supply.

In the power sector, nuclear power plants need nuclear main pumps, secondary pumps and tertiary pumps, while thermal power plants need a large number of boiler feed pumps, condensate pumps, oil-gas mixed pumps, circulating pumps and ash pumps.

In the national defense construction, the adjustment of airplane flaps, tail rudder and landing gear, the turret rotation of warships and tanks, and the take-off and landing of submarines all need pumps. High pressure and radioactive liquid, some also require that the pump does not leak.

In short, whether it is airplanes, rockets, tanks, submarines, drilling, mining, trains, ships or daily life, pumps are needed everywhere, and pumps are running everywhere. This is why the pump is listed as a general-purpose machine, which is the main product of the machinery industry.

Electric pump, that is, pump driven by electricity. An electric pump consists of a pump body, a lifting pipe, a pump seat, a submersible motor (including cables) and a starting protection device. Pump body is the working part of submersible pump, which consists of water inlet pipe, guide shell, check valve, pump shaft and impeller. There are two ways to fix the impeller on the shaft.

Main classification

According to the working principle

1. positive displacement pump

The movement of the working part makes the working volume increase and decrease periodically to suck and discharge the liquid, and the extrusion of the working part can directly increase the pressure of the liquid.

According to the different motion modes of moving parts, it can be divided into two categories: reciprocating pump and rotor pump.

According to the structure of moving parts, there are piston pumps and plunger pumps, gear pumps, screw pumps, vane pumps and water ring pumps.

2. Impeller pump

Impeller pump drives the liquid to rotate at high speed through the impeller, and transfers mechanical energy to the conveyed liquid.

According to the structural characteristics of pump impeller and flow passage, different impeller types can be divided into:

1) centrifugal pump

2) Axial flow pump

3) Mixed flow pump

4) vortex pump.

3. Jet pump

The high-speed jet generated by the working fluid ejects the fluid, and then the energy of the ejected fluid is increased through momentum exchange.

The pump can also be divided into:

1) vertical pump

2) Horizontal pump

According to the number of suction ports, it can be divided into:

1) single-suction pump

2) Double suction pump

According to the prime mover driving the pump:

1) electric pump (electric pump)

2) Steam turbine pump

3) Diesel pump

4) Diaphragm pump

principle of operation

The impeller is installed in the pump housing, fixed on the pump shaft and directly driven by the motor. There is a liquid straw in the center of the pump casing. Liquid enters the pump through the bottom valve and suction pipe. The liquid discharge port on the pump shell is connected with the discharge pipe.

Before the pump starts, the pump shell is filled with conveyed liquid; After starting, the impeller is driven by the shaft to rotate at high speed, and the liquid between the blades must also rotate with it. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid throws from the center of the impeller to the outer edge and gains energy, leaving the outer edge of the impeller at high speed and entering the volute pump shell. In the volute, the liquid slows down due to the gradual expansion of the flow channel, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, which finally flows into the discharge pipeline at a higher pressure and is sent to the needed place. When liquid flows from the center of the impeller to the outer edge, a certain vacuum is formed in the center of the impeller. Because the pressure above the liquid level of the storage tank is greater than the pressure at the inlet of the pump, the liquid is constantly pressed into the impeller. It can be seen that as long as the impeller keeps rotating, the liquid will be continuously sucked and discharged.

The working principle of linear pump is different from any other pump. It uses the principle of magnetic levitation and the fluid mechanics structure of spiral ring to realize fluid propulsion, that is, it cancels the shaft, shaft connection and shaft seal structure. After starting, the current is converted into a magnetic field, and the magnetic field force drives the spiral ring to run, that is, the spiral ring lifts the fluid forward.

performance parameter

There are mainly flow and lift, in addition to shaft power, speed and necessary cavitation allowance. Flow refers to the amount of liquid output through the pump outlet in unit time, and generally adopts volume flow; The lift is the energy increment of conveying liquid per unit weight from the inlet to the outlet of the pump. For positive displacement pumps, the energy increment is mainly reflected in the increase of pressure energy, so it is usually expressed by pressure increment instead of head. Pump efficiency is not an independent performance parameter, it can be calculated from other performance parameters such as flow, head and shaft power according to the formula. On the other hand, if the flow, lift and efficiency are known, the shaft power can also be obtained.

There is a certain interdependence between the performance parameters of the pump. We can test the pump, measure and calculate the parameter values respectively, and draw a curve to represent it. These curves are called pump characteristic curves. Each pump has a specific characteristic curve provided by the pump manufacturer. Usually, the recommended performance section is also marked on the characteristic curve given by the manufacturer, which is called the working range of the pump.

The actual working point of the pump is determined by the intersection of the pump curve and the characteristic curve of the pump device. When selecting and using the pump, the working point of the pump should be within the working range to ensure the economy and safety of operation. In addition, when the same pump transports liquids with different viscosities, its characteristic curve will also change. Usually, the characteristic curves given by pump manufacturers mostly refer to the characteristic curves when delivering clean cold water. For the power pump, with the increase of liquid viscosity, the lift and efficiency decrease and the shaft power increases, so sometimes the liquid with high viscosity is heated in industry to reduce the viscosity and improve the conveying efficiency.