1. Economically, China's exports to the United States and other East Asian countries account for about half of China's foreign exports. The negative impact of TPP on China's economy is very significant, which will crowd out China's export market, lead to the reduction of China's exports, and then lead to unemployment and affect the long-term economic development.

2. Politically, the United States takes TPP as a starting point to strengthen economic ties with East Asian countries, which may distract the concentration of economic integration in East Asia, thus increasing the difficulty of economic and political integration in East Asia. In a regional structure where economy and politics continue to coexist and rarely intersect, it is difficult for China to smoothly transform its economic influence into political influence, which limits its constructive role in regional political affairs. Moreover, other East Asian countries may regard the TPP of the United States as a clear signal of soft encirclement of China and increase political intervention in China in some bilateral disputes.

3.TPP will also challenge China's security position in East Asia. Analyzing the existing TPP negotiating partners in the United States, it is not difficult to find that they are mainly military allies in East Asia. This fully shows that the United States has continued the mode of concluding free trade negotiations with other countries and tends to give priority to military allies as the object of free trade agreements. With the closer trade ties brought by TPP, the cooperation between the United States and its military allies in East Asia will be further strengthened.