Seeing that other people's pets and dogs are obedient and good, do you want to have such a dog? Let's take a look at how they domesticate dogs: Pet knowledge: Only by mastering the basic theory of dog training and adopting the correct training methods can the training work be more predictable and scientific and get twice the result with half the effort. 1 Unconditional reflex: I think it should be easy for everyone to understand, that is, instinct, that is, congenital inheritance, such as sucking, breathing and sexual reflex of newborn puppies during estrus. These are the dog's unconditional reflexes. When we train dogs, we apply effective influence means based on unconditional reflex to make dogs obey our command, that is, we form conditioned reflex on the basis of unconditional launch. 2 Conditioned reflex: Conditioned reflex is a temporary neural connection formed in the cerebral cortex by countless stimuli to the surrounding environment in the dog's acquired life. In other words, conditioned reflex is acquired, not inherited. For example, a dog that has not been hit by a stick may not run away when it first sees a person with a stick approaching, but when it is hit by a stick and feels pain, it will run away or bite, which is an unconditional reflex. In the future, when the dog sees the man with the stick approaching it again, it will run away or attack the man instead of waiting to hit it with the stick. This is a conditioned reflex. The formation of conditioned reflex is the result of neural connection between exciting points caused by different stimuli in dog cerebral cortex. For example, in order to make the dog form a conditioned reflex to the sound stimulation of "sitting", it is necessary to press the waist corner at the same time or later to make the dog sit down. The sound stimulus that begins to "sit" passes through the dog's receptors (ears), enters the brain along the afferent nerve, and produces excitement in a certain area of the cerebral cortex. At this time, the dog shows the action of listening to the sound. Then press the dog's waist corner with your hand to produce another stimulation point in another area of the dog's cerebral cortex. At this moment, the dog sat down at once. If these two stimuli are combined, two exciting points will be produced in different areas of the dog's cerebral cortex at the same time. After repeated use for several times, these two exciting points are related through physiological functions. After that, as long as the dog is stimulated by the sound of "sitting" and does not press the waist angle, it can make a sitting action. This is the formation of conditions. Conditional reflex can be formed not only on the basis of unconditioned reflex, but also on the basis of consolidated conditioned reflex, which is called secondary conditioned reflex. Most of the gestures we use in training are formed on the basis of the dog's conditioned response to the password. Unconditional inhibition and conditional inhibition: the reflex characterized by the excitation process has conditional reflex and unconditional reflex, which is called positive reflex; Reflection characterized by inhibition process, namely unconditional inhibition and conditional inhibition, is called negative reflection. In training, the inhibition process of the dog's nervous system can be used to eliminate some bad connections of the dog. The inhibition process plays a very important role in cultivating dogs' ability to correctly distinguish odors. (1) Unconditional inhibition Unconditional inhibition, like unconditional reflex, is innate. It is also divided into external inhibition and over-limit inhibition. First, external inhibition of new stimuli causes new neural activities. The inhibition of the original excitatory reflex activity is called external inhibition, which is usually called the inhibition of an activity. For example, when a dog is being trained to do a certain action, suddenly there are stimuli around the dog that the dog is not used to, such as vehicles and noise, which will immediately stop the dog from doing this action. Sometimes some new stimuli in dogs, such as bladder swelling, rectal fullness, hunger, etc., will inhibit conditioned reflex activities. In the early stage of dog training, we should choose the environment with the least new and exotic stimuli as far as possible to avoid inhibition and influence the training. When dogs can move smoothly according to instructions and gestures, they will gradually enter more complicated places for training. B. Overlimit inhibition Overlimit inhibition is also called protective inhibition. Because the intensity of stimulation is too strong, it exceeds the limit of cerebral cortex function. The greater the stimulation intensity exceeds the limit, the deeper the inhibition. For example, sudden and strong gunfire may make some dogs completely suppressed within a few days, not only conditioned reflex, but also some unconditional reflex. In training, the password is too loud or the same action is frequently trained, which will not only make the dog make the correct action, but also lead to the over-limit inhibition, making the training effect worse and worse. After a certain period of rest, the dog can move very smoothly after exceeding the limit inhibition. Therefore, in training, when dogs are found to have over-limit inhibition due to some actions being too frequent, they should immediately stop training or rest. Conditioned inhibition, like conditioned reflex, is acquired and can only be produced under certain conditions. This is the transformation and development of the original exciting process itself. According to the different occurrence conditions, it can be divided into regression inhibition, delayed inhibition and differentiation inhibition. A, regression inhibition conditioned stimulus lost the original exciting effect, but regained the inhibitory effect. This transformation inhibition is called regression inhibition. For example, using a "good" password to end food fortification in training will make dogs form conditioned reflex. The "good" password has the information meaning of food arrival and can cause the dog's food reaction. However, if you only use the "good" password for a long time without food reinforcement, the "good" password will gradually lose the signal meaning of conditional stimulation, and the dog will no longer be excited about the "good" password, but will have inhibition, that is, regression inhibition. According to this principle, when we train dogs, we should pay attention to properly strengthening the subjects that have been trained, so as to consolidate and avoid fading. At the same time, due to improper training, when dogs have some bad connections, they should be eliminated in time. B. Delayed inhibition is called delayed inhibition because it prolongs the interval between conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus. That is to say, after the conditioned stimulus, the conditioned stimulus is not strengthened immediately, but intermittently for a certain time, such as strengthening after 3 minutes. In this way, the excitatory response was delayed to an intermittent 3 minutes, which only appeared when it was close to reinforcement. The reason for this phenomenon is that 3 minutes before the appearance of excitable melons, the corresponding parts of the cerebral cortex are in a state of inhibition. Delaying catching thieves and stolen goods is the basis of cultivating dog endurance. For example, we can use the principle of delayed stimulation to train dogs to sit or lie down, instead of just walking away and waiting for a certain time. C. The inhibition of differentiation inhibition caused by stimuli similar to conditioned stimuli in dogs is called differentiation inhibition. Differentiation inhibition is the basis for dogs to accurately analyze complex and changeable external stimuli. It is of great significance to cultivate the dog's recognition and tracking ability. Because of the inhibition of differentiation in the cerebral cortex, dogs can accurately distinguish everyone's smell from other smells, and the correct smell is strengthened without strengthening their wrong reactions. Therefore, dogs are excited by enhanced odor stimuli, but inhibited by non-enhanced odor stimuli. Differentiation inhibition, like other conditioned inhibition, can be alleviated by the role of new stimuli. At the same time, the high excitability of the corresponding center in the cerebral cortex will also destroy the inhibition of differentiation and turn it into excitement. For example, when the dog is hungry or has just been trained to bite, the inhibition of differentiation will be lifted due to the increased excitability of the food center or the defense center, and the dog cannot accurately distinguish the smell. Therefore, in training, we should try to train after feeding, so that dogs can make correct movements. Types of nerve activity in dogs: According to the characteristics of intensity, balance and flexibility in the process of excitation and inhibition of cerebral cortex, the types of nerve activity in dogs can be divided into four types: (1) intense and unbalanced (excited). The characteristic of this kind of dog is that the excitement process is relatively stronger than the inhibition process, and the two are unbalanced. Its action is characterized by being very aggressive and always in an active state. It is easier to form a positive conditioned reflex, but it is more difficult to form a negative conditioned reflex. (2) A strong and balanced active type is characterized by a strong, balanced and flexible process of excitement and inhibition. Action is characterized by liveliness, quick response to all stimuli and quick action. It is easy to form positive or negative conditioned reflex. (3) The quiet type with strong balance is characterized by strong excitement and inhibition, strong balance and tolerance, but poor flexibility. The action characteristics are completely opposite to those of active dogs, and they are extremely quiet. Whether it is positive or negative conditioned reflex, it is gradually formed, but it is consolidated after formation. (4) The weak type is characterized by weak excitation and inhibition processes, and it is easy to produce over-limit inhibition. Actions often show "timidity" and "depression". Okay, here's the thing.