Definition: imitation, which is called imitation in ancient Chinese. The so-called imitation is to select a famous work of the ancients, study the layout, decoration, charm and other skills, and then imitate this article and make an article. Imitation writing is a way of writing that imitates and simulates according to the structure, expression, language and conception of an article or paragraph.

Objective: The purpose of this section is to understand the characteristics, types and essentials of parody, so as to improve the writing level through parody training. Imitation is not a mechanical copy, but a handy use after self-digestion. The model essay is just an example, from which I get inspiration and enlightenment, and finally go to innovation and draw my own gourd. This is the purpose.

Theory: Since ancient times, many scholars have attached great importance to imitation. If there is a sentence in someone's article that is not like the ancients, it will be reprimanded as the evil way of the wild fox; Some people who are extremely opposed to imitation think that imitation is the murderer who stifles literary life; In addition, there are some scholars who take the golden mean. It can really be said that each family is different and there is no agreement. I think the rise and prevalence of every theory must have its reasons, but it is a pity that later generations are often possessed, which has aroused the anger of many people, but this theory itself is not wrong. We just need to pull it back to the right path, stop obsessing and obsessing.

We know that there are some ways to learn calligraphy, such as painting red, copying, moving, aligning and reciting. If a beginner in calligraphy does not start from copying and create his own works from scratch, then his calligraphy will definitely not be good. Of course, copying also has shortcomings. People who have been copying will never reach the peak in calligraphy.

The same is true of mathematics. If the teacher doesn't teach some basic mathematical concepts and isn't on the blackboard, then do some topics for demonstration. Don't give some questions as homework and give instructions for correcting them; In the exam, can students learn without giving them some questions about the test level? Among them, the teacher does it once and the students do it again when they go home, which is called imitation in the composition.

Beginners of photography should first look at the works of famous artists, understand their skills, and then follow the trend, and over time, they will create their own quite good articles. So is the study of art.

Similarly, if you don't start writing articles by copying ancient masterpieces, you will certainly not be able to appreciate the beauty of ancient temples and the wealth of hundreds of officials. Let's see, in ancient times, Yang Xiong made The Book of Changes, The Analects of Confucius and Er Ya too mysterious, French and dialect. Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, etc. They are not familiar with ancient Chinese, so they plan to imitate it, let themselves master it, innovate and prosper, and form their own family. So imitation should be a very important method.

Imitation is a way to learn articles, but it is very hard to imitate articles. Students may reject it, because it used to be "I use my handwriting mouth" and write whatever comes to mind. This is so simple, but now it is controlled by the ancient rules of China, and you can't do whatever you want. Under the psychological factors of easy refuge, it will naturally be rejected. There are also ancient people's opinions against imitation that can be used. Naturally, it is more reasonable to completely deny it. We should understand the value of imitation as a wonderful way to reply, and we should persuade these weak people to face the reality bravely instead of avoiding difficulties.

4. Principle: (1) Imitate forms and methods, feel and understand your own, so you should have your own opinions and speak your own words; (2) Imitation should be targeted and pay attention to imitating those things that inspire you; (3) Imitation should be gradual, combining point with surface.

Methods: Since imitation is necessary, it also has great defects. What should I do to make the article progress without being possessed? As mentioned above, there are red tracing, copying, transfer printing, temporary pasting and back pasting in calligraphy. There are also dead imitation and live imitation methods in the imitation of articles. Beginners of composition are short of vocabulary, ideas and information, so they can draw up some superficial articles. After the knowledge has increased, we can imitate some high-level works. At the beginning of imitation, it is natural to be completely similar. If there is no way to be completely similar, there is naturally no need to cut the foot and fit the shoes. Cutting feet and fitting shoes is harmful because of imitation, that is, the act of possessing. The ancients imitated articles and even gave up the use of contemporary literary words, choosing ancient literary words instead. Anyone who insists on using ancient literary words, official system, place names, etc. Not the modern one, but also possessed.

As for those with high learning ability, they can imitate abstract and brilliant laws such as style, momentum, divinity and artistic conception. On a higher level, it will be the point to create your own style. If you can't create your own style, you will never reach the peak, just like a bee picking flowers to make honey, but you can't see flowers in honey; It's also like brewing rice to make wine. After the wine is made, the bad must be removed. Han Yu studied Mencius' writing skills, but in Han Yu's articles, Mencius was no longer visible. Another example is Ouyang Xiu's study of Han Yu's articles, but Owen can't see Korean, which is a complete change. If later generations learned ancient prose, but could not thoroughly remould themselves, China's literary world would certainly not have made great progress today. Therefore, if they just imitate and never innovate all their lives, it is also a common phenomenon of computer addiction.

Before imitating, we should make a thorough analysis of the article to be imitated. If you don't have this skill, you should consult the opinions of ancient and modern analysis and comments, or consult people who know composition and decoration, otherwise you can't imitate it properly. In addition, you must collect enough writing materials to use them freely. Imitation is an essential process of composition. When you are a beginner, you should imitate it in time and learn a considerable level. If you still want to imitate, you will have a deeper understanding, just like some masters who are good at calligraphy often copy. So we must not ignore its value.

Lu. Classification: including structural imitation, expression imitation, language imitation and intention imitation.

Imitation writing. I want to (copy)

I want to put my little hand,

On the dandelion,

With a hint of curiosity,

Open 10 thousand umbrellas,

Floating, floating

Drift away and explore the mystery of spring.

I want to put my feet

In the world of spring.

Running on the soft grass,

Let your feet smell of spring.

Run, run

Run out beautiful notes.

I want to put my eyes,

Climb the white clouds,

Watching catkins dance happily,

Watching birds fly freely,

Look, look

White clouds are my wings to fly.

I want to put myself

Speaking of mother, a word "ordinary and precious" pops up in my mind! Although she has no beautiful appearance or excellent job, she works hard during the day. She will help me with my homework when she gets home, but she never says anything bitter. When you look at me with a smile, you seem to enjoy it. In order to make me concentrate and listen attentively in class, my mother always cooks a big breakfast and asks me to eat more. It is her habit to get up early, and she won't be willing to wake me up until everything is finished! I remember once, I said on a whim that I wanted to have a dinner party, and my mother braved the cold to buy it. She took the hot rice ball out of her arms and panted up to me and said, "Home, eat it while it's hot!" " Don't delay class. "At this time, I feel warm in my heart, and a warm current of love comes to my mind. I remember that my mother would scold me for being careless in my study, punish me for doing something wrong, and often educate me to form good habits of study so that I can learn more and better. And sometimes I don't appreciate it, talk back and cry, and I don't understand my mother's pains. It is really inappropriate and unreasonable. My mother's love for me is countless. Her kindness to me is higher than the sky and thicker than the ground. She always gives selfless love in obscurity. When I grow up, I want to go to a good junior high school, a good high school and a good university to repay my mother's contribution to me with my own Excellence. Mom, I love you so much! Ah, how can I make it clear that my mother's love for me is only a few words Motherly love is a hot spring, delicate, soft and warm. Motherly love is a well-intentioned criticism, which is bitter and sweet. Motherly love is multi-flavored. My mother, you are the most precious gift the world has given me. You are the most precious!

The composition imitates the composition questions of Hunan college entrance examination in 2005.

From the perspective of a person's growth, a person must learn to walk first, and then learn to run. Anyone can run-physically or mentally, but the experience of running is different.

You may have unforgettable experiences, profound feelings and unique understanding. Please write a narrative or argumentative essay of not less than 800 words with your own life as the topic "Running Experience" from the perspective of self-selection.

It seems that life is like a trip, and people's life is destined to be in a hurry, from ancient times to the present. ...

look back

Looking back, the light of history pierced my eyes, and I seemed to see the speeding footsteps of Kuafu, an ancient wilderness, stepping on the dust, crushing the weather and running endlessly towards the fiery red sun. The power of running shocks the mountains and rivers, shocks the world, and the endless footsteps lead mankind out of the standing valley, out of the abyss under 10,000 feet and out of the road of civilization.

Side view

From the side, I can see that in those eventful years, Sun Yat-sen was running at a leisurely pace in troubled times. The footsteps once stopped in Li Hongzhang's office, once set foot on the train going north, and once ran on the hill of the uprising. That tireless running posture finally made him catch up with the tide of the times and smashed the feudal shackles that remained unchanged for thousands of years.

Gaze intently

Staring at the traffic on the bridge, with the gestures in Bian's broken chapters, I sometimes see the children walking briskly on the way to the cram school, holding such and such instruments in their hands; Or what it's like to see a peddler running to the bus with a bag on his back; Or see the smiling old man trotting against the morning sun. ...

It seems that everyone is running and chasing something. Hair blown by the wind during running, sweat running down cheeks and splash on shoes always give people vitality.

Calm down and think about it. There is no doubt that where does the eternal running state come from?

Is it because of Kuafu's longing for the sun? Is it Sun Yat-sen's unyielding attitude towards reality? Is it a child's hope for the future? Or the hard demand of life, or the heart that refuses to accept the old?

On second thought, I can't help feeling that a person's life is like a trip, and everyone is trudging with heavy burdens. Running is the course of life, and most importantly, behind those running postures is people's indelible pursuit of life!

Looking back, looking sideways, and looking intently, the value of life shines. During the journey, we ran, leaving more or less traces, chasing the sun, chasing the waves, chasing life, and chasing the brilliant summer flowers in our hearts with a unique mood.

Bloom as brightly as summer flowers.

On the expressway, all kinds of vehicles are constantly flowing, and the dump truck is very powerful, which can pull dozens of tons of things. Tractors are even worse, they can pull a big container all over the street. And ordinary cars can only be used to carry passengers, not goods. Bicycles are small and can be shuttled freely on the side of the road.

A guide to imitating composition writing

This is a full-proposition composition, which belongs to the form of "prompt+proposition". By introducing or prompting, it gives students some guidance in the examination of questions and the selection of materials, which has greater openness and freedom. For example, a large section of reading materials in this topic has obvious implications for the choice of writing materials and the judgment of the keyword "dream" in the topic. Specifically, to write this composition well, we can start from the following aspects:

First, grasp the eyes of the problem and the center of gravity.

The focus of the article is the key words that best reflect the center of the article. Only by grasping the key words can we embody the characteristics of the article and write a better composition. Generally speaking, the structure of some modified phrases focuses on modifiers. For example, the topic of this paper "Chinese Classroom in My Dream" focuses on the word "dream", so it is enough to think carefully about the word "dream" when reviewing the topic. Therefore, students should base themselves on the reality of Chinese learning, give full play to their imagination and association, and strive to write in their own minds how to teach Chinese classes.

Second, define the restrictive conditions and determine the scope of material selection.

The contents of restrictions are roughly time, place, object, content, etc. This should be made clear when reviewing the questions, not when writing. The content is not limited, the topic is not written, and you need to think for yourself. Because only by thinking with infinite content can we find a broad world of material selection and expand the scope of material selection. For example, the title of this article is My Dream Chinese Classroom, which defines the object-me, content-dream, scope-Chinese classroom, but does not limit the time and place. In this way, you can write regardless of time, place and other factors, so the scope of material selection is obviously much wider.

Third, develop association and dig deep into the main idea.

When writing Dream Chinese Classroom, the proposer actually wants to reflect and embody students' expectations for the current education reform in China through students' imagination of Chinese class. Therefore, students' imagination and association should be bold and innovative, with ideas and detailed descriptions, and with the possibility of practice and exploration. Therefore, we should take the topic as the carrier and dig deeper to make the composition more profound. The key to writing this article is to understand the word "dream". The "dream" here refers to the "ideal" that can be realized. If you think that the meaning of "dream" is just an unrealistic "fantasy", then this understanding is obviously superficial and it is difficult to express a meaningful theme.

Fourth, cleverly conceive and turn abstract into concrete.

As the saying goes, "a grain of sand sees the world, and half a flower talks about human feelings." If the material selection is too wide, it will give people the feeling of "emptiness" or "floating". To solve this problem, we might as well use the ways of "turning the big into the small", "turning the virtual into the real" or "turning the wide into the narrow" to show our thoughts and feelings about something and a phenomenon in detail and vividly. For example, when writing this article, we can describe an ideal Chinese lesson in our minds in the form of a dream, or we can choose a specific text as a "starting point": learning novels or dramas, that is, showing and understanding them in the form of performing textbook dramas; Learning science and technology Expo will lead students into the museum for on-site cognition; Learning to write lyric prose will make students integrate into nature and let them feel for themselves. ...

Fifth, refine the language and pay attention to personalized expression.

The ancients said: "Without words, it is not far." It shows that paying attention to literary talent in composition is a highlight. The so-called "literary talent" refers to the unique aesthetic phenomenon of the Chinese language and writing system itself, which is a pluralistic presentation of the visual beauty and auditory beauty of the Chinese language and writing. Writing is rich in literary talent, which is the author's natural endowment, and can bring aesthetic and psychological pleasure to readers and trigger their potential re-creation. Therefore, language is the most external and vivid thing in composition. Whether it is plain and simple or full of literary charm, it should be our unremitting pursuit to temper the language and make the expression accurate, vivid, concise and rich in connotation.

Excellent example 1

My dream Chinese class

Cao qingqiong

"Bell-!" Start class. On the podium, the Chinese teacher with high myopia is tearing his hoarse voice and preaching Zhu Ziqing's famous sentence "Spring" to us in a low baritone. Although he spoke plausibly, I was still sleepy. The cicada outside the window is chirping happily, and the gorgeous sun shines on the snow-white wall and reflects. I slowly close my eyes. ...

At this time, I am lying on a hill full of spring in my dream. Looking around, the mountains are rolling, and all the seats are covered with velvet green. The hillside is full of colorful wildflowers, butterflies are dancing and bees are buzzing; In that orchard, red and pink are all crowded together, like crimson clouds on the distant horizon, which is very comfortable! Isn't this the scene in Zhu Ziqing's Spring reappeared here? I was wondering when a loud cry came from my ear: "Gather around!" I saw a young female teacher waving to us like an angel. I immediately gathered in front of her with my classmates, and my heart was full of beautiful expectations.

"Just now, everyone has fifteen minutes of free time. I believe everyone has their own gains. Now, please think about two questions independently and give a real answer. " The beautiful female teacher paused, glanced at everyone with encouraging eyes, and then slowly asked her questions-

"First of all, please use a literary and philosophical sentence to answer the question' What is spring like'; Second, please talk about' what are the characteristics and feelings of spring' based on your own personal experience? Five minutes, now! "

After the teacher finished speaking, the students immediately lost in thought.

"All right, stop!" After a while, the female teacher made a gesture, and then pointed to Rebecca, the literary and art Committee member in front: "This classmate, let's start with you. Please answer the question' What is spring like' first. " I saw Rebecca look calm and said unhurriedly, "Spring is like a mother, pregnant with life." A gratified smile appeared on the female teacher's face. She took the lead in applauding, and then there was thunderous applause, which alarmed the flying magpies.

The female teacher walked up to Zhang Lu, the representative of Chinese class, and said kindly to her, "So, what about your sentence? Take a look. " Zhang Lu obviously has answers, and his face is full of confidence. She said: "Spring is like a beautiful girl, and light makeup is always appropriate." "good!" The teacher blurted out a compliment. Applause sounded on the mountain again.

Next, the female teacher floated in front of Li Xiaoming. He is a famous underachiever in his class. Can he finish the task today? Everyone is sweating for him. I saw him stand up slowly, one hand kept picking his forehead, and his mouth was still muttering something. The teacher stood in front of him, waiting quietly, his eyes full of expectation. But he didn't spit out a word for a long time, so thank you for the flowers all over the mountain! Seeing his embarrassment, the teacher patted him on the shoulder and said, "Please tell the teacher in a low voice." The female teacher put her ear root in the past, and then smiled: "Oh, I heard it! He said,' Spring is like the sun, bringing warmth and hope to the earth'! " The words sound just fell and applause and cheers have become one, lingering over Shan Ye for a long time. Li Xiaoming sat down with a red face. For a long time, he secretly cast a glance at the teacher, and his heart felt a strange warmth. His eyes clearly showed a kind of gratitude, and of course more confidence.

"Bell-"When I was indulging in a burst of applause and laughter, a crisp electricity * * * brought me back to reality. I looked up with a tingle and suddenly realized that this wonderful Chinese class was just a dream I had on my desk! I'm glad that the Chinese teacher with four eyes didn't find me sleepwalking in his class. Or I'll get a hard meal again!

The sunshine on the wall has secretly disappeared, and the Chinese teacher on the podium has doodled a large blackboard all over the sky, but the chalk in his hand is still chirping and writing hard, and his mouth is still repeating the same sermon, and my brain can't help buzzing. ...

Alas, I really hope that the Chinese classroom in that dream will come true!

short review

When studying Zhu Ziqing's prose Spring, the author of this paper tells his sleepwalking experience in the Ideal Chinese Classroom with rich association and imagination. The article combines reality with dreams, and gives a concentrated description of my ideal classroom, thus forming the main part of the article. The core content is based on two questions raised by the teacher and three sentences expressed orally by the students. Careful reading of the three sentences that students almost blurted out actually shows the author's profound rational conception: "Spring is like a mother, pregnant with life" reveals the spirit of spring; "Spring is like a young girl, and light makeup is always appropriate" describes the beauty of spring; The sentence "Spring is like the sun, bringing warmth and hope to the earth" is how students feel about spring. It is not difficult for us to spy out the expectations of contemporary middle school students for the ideal Chinese classroom: first, we hope that the form of Chinese classroom is "alive", and we don't want to be locked in a lifeless iron cage like a bird, parrot-learning the teacher's indoctrination; Second, they want the teaching content to be "new". They are unwilling to passively drift away from the surface of the text, accept those boring and rigid "China knowledge", and are willing to show their unique feelings about the text; Third, I hope that teachers will implement equal education and take care of students with learning difficulties.

The article is novel in conception, clear in structure, fluent in sentences and clear in theme. In particular, the scene descriptions at the beginning and end of the article play a role in rendering and setting off; The contrast between the real classroom and the ideal classroom clearly highlights the main idea of the article; There is also the author's profound reflection on the traditional Chinese classroom, which is commendable and thought-provoking.

Looking forward to, looking forward to, the hot summer has finally passed, and the footsteps of autumn are approaching.

Autumn is crisp and the sky is high and the clouds are light. Fruits are ripe, crickets are chirping and the weather is cool.

Grass has not completely disappeared from the earth, it is still green. In the garden, in the field. Look, piece by piece.

I totally agree. The children ran and jumped, somersaulted, picked up some fallen fruits and threw them at each other to see who could throw them farther and more accurately. The weather is cool and the grass is green.

Sweet-scented osmanthus trees, maple trees and evergreen trees are lush, profound in style, distinctive in temperament and full of elegance, golden, agate red and emerald green, just like paintings carefully drawn by painters. Birds are busy migrating and ants are collecting winter rations. Daisy, a bunch of red petunias, at first glance, yes: orange, purple, competing, spread in the flower bed, like a carpet, smiling at the autumn wind!

"Falling red is not heartless. Turning into spring mud will protect flowers!" Yes, it will become the spring mud that nourishes the earth and is not attached to the prosperity of the branches. Autumn rain falls on red and yellow leaves, and on colorful leaves mixed with green and yellow. Luxurious maple leaves, delicate evergreen leaves, ordinary shaved leaves … they become more gorgeous under the baptism of autumn rain.

The fruit on the tree is maturing, and the fruit farmers in the field are busier. In urban and rural areas, workers, students, children and the elderly all come out to enjoy the beautiful scenery, relax, watch autumn colors, collect specimens and do their own things. "A hard work, a harvest", hard work, in exchange for harvest, full of joy.

Autumn is like the god of color, which makes the colors of plants gradually thicken.

Autumn, like the god of harvest, has brought countless fruits to people.

Autumn is like a god of joy, bringing people the joy of harvest.

The footsteps of spring (imitating Zhu Ziqing's spring)

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