Jian' an district ren

To annotate ...

(1) Seven Scholars in Jian 'an: Seven literati in Jian 'an period in Xian Di at the end of Eastern Han Dynasty: Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Serina Liu. Except Kong Rong, all the others were Cao Shi and his son, also known as the Seven Sons, who gathered in Weidu, and were literary representatives in the Three Kingdoms period. His poems are rich in content and rich in style, which makes the audience tempted and forms a strong character.

(2) Ten poets in Tang Daizong Dali: Lu Lun, Ji Zhongfu, Han Lie, Qian Qi, Si Kongshu, Miao Fa, Cui Dong, Geng Kun, Xia Houshen and Li Duan. Most of them are under Aiguomen, and they are known as "Top Ten Talents in Dali". The poetry is neat and neat, with beautiful words, but its content is narrow and its style is not as good as that of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

language translation

There were seven outstanding talents in the Jian 'an period of the Eastern Han Dynasty and ten famous poets in the Dali period of the Tang Dynasty.

Character story

According to Cao Pi's Dian Lun. Papers, scholars despise each other, since ancient times. Everyone is good at showing off, but the article is not a genre. Few people can be good at various genres, so they have their own strengths and despise each other's shortcomings. As the saying goes, "a broom at home makes a daughter happy." There is a broken broom at home, but it is regarded as a treasure, that is, "the broom cherishes itself." ) This is the lack of self-knowledge! Today's literati, Lu Kong Rong, Guangling Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Beihai Xu Gan, Chen Liuruan? , Yi Nanying? Dongping Serina Liu. These seven literati, who have learned everything and never copied words, all think they are galloping horses, holding their heads high and competing with each other. It's really hard for them to convince each other! A gentleman can avoid this drawback by judging himself before measuring others. So I wrote a paper.

RoyceWong is good at Ci-Fu, and Xu Gan often has a soothing style, which can rival RoyceWong, but their other styles are not commensurate with Ci-Fu. Chen Lin and Ruan? The letter from the throne is the best today. Should? Be gentle, not majestic; Serina Liu is magnificent but not meticulous. Kong Rong's article is full of vigor and vitality. However, you can't argue, and reasoning is better than words.

According to Biography of Li Yuzhong in Old Tang Dynasty, Li Yuzhong's father Li Duan is good at writing poems. During the Dali period in Tang Daizong, he sang on the same stage with Han Lie, Qian Qi, Lu Lun and others, and was known as the "Ten Talents in Dali". At that time, Guo Ziyi's youngest son, Ai Guo, married Princess Shengping, the daughter of Daizong. Ai Guorui is intelligent and talented, especially fond of poets, and Li Duan and other ten people are mostly patrons of Ai Guo. Every time she writes a poem at a banquet, the princess sits in the curtain and watches. Whoever can write a beautiful poem will get a hundred silks. Ai Guo met the ten talented people because he was appointed as an official, and said, "Whoever finishes this poem first will be rewarded." At that time, Li Duan presented poems first, and the princess immediately gave him a hundred silks. Qian Qi said: "Li Duan is really brilliant, but this article was conceived in advance! I wish I could rhyme another poem. Please rhyme with my surname Qian. " Li Duan immediately folded the paper and wrote a poem, saying, "The square pond is like mirror grass sand, and the first moon is like a hook. Newly opened Jin Chui teaches horse tune, and the old Tongshan money. " Ai Guo said, "This poem is more ingenious." Qian Qi and others are convinced of this.

explain

Cao Pi believes that the article is "a great cause of governing the country and an immortal event". When life has an end, prosperity only stops at itself, and termination has a time limit, unlike articles that can be circulated forever. Zhou Wenwang went to prison to perform the Eight Diagrams of the Book of Changes, which was performed when the Duke of Zhou was a dignitary. They didn't work hard because of poverty, nor did they change their minds because of happiness. The ancients despised jade and valued time, but now most people are unwilling to work hard. When they are poor, they are afraid of cold and hunger. When they are rich, they indulge in pleasure and plot immediate things, but forget future achievements. This is a great pain for people with lofty ideals! Kong Rong and others died successively, but among the seven sons of Jian 'an, only Xu Gan wrote a book "On China", which became a family statement.

Li Duan, one of the ten gifted scholars in Dali, wrote a poem by Qian Yun on the spot at the request of Qian Qi and persuaded Qian Qi. In fact, it is not only the seven sons of Jian 'an and the ten talents of Dali who have the shortcomings of mutual intransigence, but also the literati are prone to make the mistake of contempt. Often people can't see their own shortcomings and like to belittle others and raise themselves. This kind of jealousy is also a fatal weakness of people. If we change the habit of looking outward and unconditionally look inward at our own shortcomings, we can jump out of the self-centered box and gradually improve ourselves.

The price of Xiangshan poetry is Sun Jicun.

Xiang shān shān sūn Ji gūmin

To annotate ...

(1) Xiangshan: Bai Juyi, whose name is Lotte, was born in Taiyuan (now Shanxi). After six dynasties of Tang Shunzong, Xianzong, Mu Zong, Jing Zong, Wenzong and Wuzong, he was the official minister of punishments, at the age of 76. The style of the poem is simple and easy to understand, even an old woman can understand it. He and Yuan Zhen sang a poem called "Bai Yuan". He is as famous as Liu Yuxi and is known as the "Bai Liu" in the world.

(2) Ji Sun, a native of the late Eastern Han Dynasty, was the uncle of Sun Quan, Emperor Wu of the Three Kingdoms.

(3) alcohol. Buy wine. Wear a rope of copper coins, which means copper coins.

language translation

Bai Juyi's poems are worth one gold, and Sun Jidian should roll up his robe to pay back the money he owed for the drinks.

Character story

According to the Biography of Bai Juyi in the Old Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi was brilliant and broad-minded from an early age. When I was fifteen or sixteen, I took an article of my own and sent it to the author Gu Kuang. Gu Kuang's writing style is good, but his nature is frivolous, and the articles of the younger generation are not satisfactory. After reading Bai Juyi's article, I couldn't help being greeted out of the door and said politely, "I thought the literati had long since disappeared, but I saw you again." Bai Juyi is gorgeous in language, especially good at poetry and prose. There are hundreds of poems, all of which are intended to satirize the shortcomings at that time and remedy the shortcomings of political affairs, so all the good gentlemen praised him, and these poems often spread to the palace. Tang Xianzong accepted the proposal, thought it over carefully, and was eager to hear honest words. In the second year of Yuanhe, Bai Juyi was recruited as a bachelor of Hanlin, and in the third year of Yuanhe, the official worshipped Zuo.

In the tenth year of Yuanhe, bandits killed Prime Minister Wu. Bai Juyi wrote a letter first, urgently requesting to catch the thief and avenge the national humiliation. The prime minister's appointment as a palace official is not an admonition official (Bai Juyi was the doctor of Prince Zuo Zanshan at that time) and should not take precedence over the admonition official. As it happens, some people have always hated Bai Juyi and accused him of vanity and bad character. His mother died because she saw flowers fall into the well, while Bai Juyi wrote poems such as "Appreciating Flowers" and "New Well", which hurt his filial piety and was relegated to river history. Wang Ya, the author of Hanshu, wrote that Bai Juyi's misdeeds were not suitable for governing the county, and he was posthumously named Jiangzhou Sima.

Besides Confucianism, Bai Juyi is especially proficient in Buddhist classics. He often goes with the flow regardless of gains and losses, and doesn't mind demoting officials. Build a house in Ai Yi Temple in Lushan Mountain, and make friends with four monks: Wrong, Man, Lang and Hui. When I was detached, I almost forgot my body. During the Huichang period in Tang Wuzong, Bai Juyi resigned and retired as a minister of punishments. The monks in Xiangshan Temple, such as Man, set up a incense club, often traveled in sedan chairs, dressed in white clothes and holding crutches, calling themselves Xiangshan laymen.

In the last years of Changqing, Yuan Zhen, an observer in eastern Zhejiang, wrote a preface to Bai Juyi's Changqing Collection for him, saying, "Bai Juyi can recognize the words" zhi "and" thing "before he can speak. After learning to speak, he is diligent and clever, unlike other children. At the age of five or six, I knew rhyme, at the age of fifteen, I was interested in ci fu, and at the age of twenty-seven, I was admitted to Jinshi. At first, Bai Juyi and I were both secretaries and proofreaders, and we often wrote back with poems. When I was demoted to Jiangling, Bai Juyi was still in imperial academy and sent me dozens of poems. From Ba, Shu, Jiang and Chu to Chang 'an, teenagers are scrambling to follow suit and compete for new words, calling themselves Yuanhe Poetry. Over the past twenty years, the walls of palaces, Taoist temples, temples and hotels have all been written, and shepherds and servants have all told our poems. There are many people who copy and burn in the street, or sell in the market, or exchange wine for tea. There are even names stolen, sold at will, mixed in, and helpless. Businessmen in Jilin (present-day Korea) are eager to buy it, saying,' Every time the prime minister of another country trades a gold for a specially forged poem, the prime minister can often tell. Since its own poetry, it has never been so widely circulated. "

According to the biography of Jiang Biao written by Yu Kan in the Western Jin Dynasty, Sun Quan's uncle Ji Sun loved drinking. He once said: "I usually owe people money for drinks everywhere, and I want to pawn this robe to pay back the money for drinks."

explain

Bai Juyi's poems were very popular at that time, and spread all over the princes, nobles, peddlers and pawns. People of all ages were thousands of miles away, and the prime minister of Jilin, who was far away on the Korean peninsula, also paid a lot of money for them. However, his satirical poems also offended powerful people, accusing him of overstepping his authority, framing him for writing poems and degrading him as Jiangzhou Sima. Therefore, he can't help but sigh in Nine Books with the Same Yuan: "At first, it was named after the article, but in the end it offended the article." The famous sentence in Pipa Xing: "We are all unhappy-forever and ever, we meet. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? "This is his job at this time.

At first, Bai Juyi risked his life to remonstrate in exchange for promotion, which made Xian Zong very unhappy. Because of Li Jiang's suggestion, Xianzong should broaden the road of remonstrance. However, after being demoted, he had no intention of going into politics. "Since then, the career has been different, and the world has never said anything." But Bai Juyi is a diligent and loving official. During his tenure as a secretariat in Hangzhou, he dug wells and repaired dikes, wrote down the essentials of water control, and printed them on a stone, which was called "Baigong Dike" in history. After being transferred to Suzhou secretariat, he paid taxes on average to alleviate the sufferings of the people. He left his job because of illness, and many people cried and chased him for more than ten miles. At that time, "100,000 households in Suzhou were crying for a baby." (Liu Yuxi) It can be seen that he is loved by the people.

Practicing Buddhism enabled Bai Juyi to be indifferent in the face of difficulties, so he "eliminated the worries and smiles on the surface and the right and wrong in his chest." () In his later years, he was a Buddhist who devoted himself to Buddhism in Xiangshan. He had long looked down on the world, so he said, "People say that there is chaos in the world, and I am a person who works in the world." () I also advise others to remember that most of the pain is caused by themselves, and chasing fame and fortune will only bring disaster to themselves. I wrote a poem: "There are good and bad reasons, but we should know not to worry ... When we are engaged in public service, it is good to ask less ... I have a saying, remember, many people suffer from it." ("Two Songs of Feeling")

Bai Juyi has another way of saying about his poetic genius. Legend has it that Fang Guan, the prime minister, was a monk in his last life, and Wang Wei, Shi Fo, claimed to be a painter in his last life. Bai Juyi also used the function of fate to meditate and see his poetic destiny. (:"Fang was passed down as a Zen master in his previous life, and Wang Dao was a painter in his previous life. I also made a fate, which is a poem with more debts. Why else would you chant? More after illness than when you are not sick. " Therefore, Bai Juyi is naturally smart. He can read in six or seven months, and he can recognize rhyme when he is five or six years old. There are also eternal reasons.

Ji Sun was a heavy drinker and owed people money everywhere, so he had to pay off his debts with a cotton-padded jacket. As the saying goes, "wine is a poison that penetrates the intestines, and color is a steel knife that scrapes bones." Drinking too much will not only spoil things, but also damage your health. From a medical point of view, alcoholism makes the frontal lobe of the brain function low, and it can also cause hypertension, liver cirrhosis, gastric ulcer and so on. Alcohol and tobacco are harmful to health, addictive and far away.