Question 2: How to choose the key words of graduation thesis? It should be some representative and general words. Can reflect the content of the whole paper.
Question 3: How to find out the key words in the paper? Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which is very important to express the paper.
The central content of this word has substantial meaning. Keywords are the contents of papers used by computer systems for indexing.
Features of the text, easy to collect information system, for readers to retrieve. Each paper is generally selected.
Take 3-8 words as key words, and put another line at the bottom left of the "Summary". Subject words are standard words. When determining the key words, the paper should be divided into themes.
According to the index and matching rules, the standardized words in the thesaurus are analyzed. (See Chinese.
Thesaurus and World Chinese Thesaurus).
No matter domestic or foreign papers, the selection of keywords follows certain norms, which are words or phrases selected from papers to meet the needs of document indexing or retrieval. Keywords include subject words and free words: subject words are words or phrases selected from the main vocabulary of natural language and standardized for indexing or retrieval of documents; Free words are words or phrases that are not standardized, that is, they are not included in the thesaurus.
Question 4: How to determine the paper keywords? Subject and object components of a core sentence or a secondary point sentence
Question 5: How to choose the key words of academic papers? Readers have no time and energy to read every paper. They often know the outline of the article through the abstract first, and then read some papers selectively. Periodicals and library and information departments also decide whether to extract and search through abstracts and keywords. When writing an abstract, the author of a periodical usually refers to the author's abstract and makes some changes. If the author's abstract is not standardized or too simple, then the abstract must read the full text of the document before writing, which is a heavy workload. At this time, although your paper is high-level, innovative and valuable, he may give up and choose the abstract that can be obtained easily, and your paper will lose the opportunity to be extracted.
I. Writing of the Abstract
It is a short article, which describes the important contents of the paper concisely and accurately, with the aim of providing an outline of the paper. Although there are only a few hundred words, the amount of information is as big as the paper. The content of the abstract should mainly include four elements:
1. Purpose-The purpose and task of the study and the scope of the topics involved.
2. Methods-Methods, theories, means, conditions and materials used in the research.
3. Results-research results, data, determined relationships, obtained effects, performance, etc.
4. Conclusion-analysis, comparison, evaluation and application of the results, questions raised, future topics, inspiration, suggestions and predictions, etc.
When necessary, the abstract can include the main object and scope of the research work, as well as other important information with intelligence value.
It is important to reflect the new content and the author's special emphasis. The existing content in the introduction cannot be repeated in the abstract, nor can it explain and comment on the content of the paper, let alone simply repeat the existing information in the title; No common symbols and terms are used; There is no need to quote unless the paper confirms or denies the papers published by others. The structure should be rigorous, the expression should be concise, and the semantics should be exact. Abbreviations, abbreviations, and code names must be explained when they first appear, except those that can be clearly understood by readers of adjacent majors.
Second, the choice of keywords
Key words are the window for academic papers to enter circulation and citation, and standardizing the selection of key words is beneficial to the rapid and effective retrieval and citation of library and information institutions. In order to standardize academic papers, deepen the research and statistics of academic documents, improve the level of multi-level literature retrieval, and bring more academic papers into the citation category of scientific and technological work, China Association for Science and Technology stipulates that all academic papers published in academic journals of China Association for Science and Technology should be selected in the following order:
The first keyword lists the names of the two disciplines to which the main work or content of this paper belongs. The titles of the papers published in Operation and Management are: operations research, probability theory and mathematical statistics, applied mathematics, fuzzy mathematics, regional economics, industrial economics, finance, international trade, national defense economy, system theory, system analysis and integration, accounting, enterprise management, tourism management, technical economy and management? .
The second keyword lists the names of the results obtained in this paper or the total class names of several results in this paper.
The third keyword lists the specific names of the scientific research methods used in this paper to get the above results or conclusions. For summary and critical academic papers, this position is written as "summary" or "comment" respectively. In the research paper on scientific research methods, the name of the method being studied is not written here, but the name of the method being applied. The former appears in the position of the second keyword.
The fourth keyword lists the names of things or substances that do not appear in the first three keywords, but are the main research objects of this paper, or nouns that appear in the title and the author thinks are important. When necessary, the fifth and sixth keywords list other keywords that the author thinks are beneficial to retrieval and literature utilization. When selecting keywords, you should not use non-public technical terms and their abbreviations; Synonyms and synonyms should not be juxtaposed as keywords.
Many authors don't attach importance to abstracts and keywords. The abstract of a paper of seven or eight thousand words contains only one sentence. Key words are also two perfunctory words. It should be noted that readers have no time and energy to read every paper. They often know the outline of the article through the abstract first, and then read some papers selectively. Periodicals and library and information departments also decide whether to extract and search through abstracts and keywords. When writing an abstract, the author of a periodical usually refers to the author's abstract and makes some changes. If the author's abstract is not standardized or too simple, then the digester must first understand the full text of the document ... >>
Question 6: How to find the key words of the paper are the words mentioned in the core content of the paper. According to these words, people can roughly know what this paper is about, what method it is, or what technology or equipment it is. The simple way is that some words about the topic appear most frequently in your paper.
Question 7: How to write "keywords" in the paper? Bold with small five, indent two words, followed by Song five, usually 3-5 phrases, separated by commas, and no punctuation at the end. The distance between the keyword and the abstract is 12 points (that is, 12 points before setting the paragraph). Chinese abstracts are numbered in Roman numerals and located at the bottom and middle of the page.
Question 8: How to find the key words correctly in the article 1 The keyword analysis is as follows:
Keywords are frequently mentioned words in the network, which refer to the words people enter in the search box, that is, what search engines (such as "Baidu" and "Google") are looking for. The contents of keywords are mostly people's names, terms, websites, news, software and so on. For example, as far as the content we are studying today is concerned, we can search for [College Entrance Examination], [Chinese], [Modern Literature Reading] and [Keywords], and then these four words can be called keywords.
It can be said that search keywords have strong practicability and are closely related to our daily life and study. Summarizing the content of the article, refining the viewpoint of the article and summarizing the general idea of the paragraph in Chinese class are all concrete exercises. It is not surprising that the concept of "keywords" appeared in the Chinese test questions of the college entrance examination as early as 2005 and was favored by the teachers who gave the questions. In the annual college entrance examination papers, there will be topics to extract keywords, which we in Guangdong Province have already covered as early as 2006.
Second, the way to find keywords:
Method 1: Step by step method (starting from the central topic of the paragraph)
The basic process of solving problems: defining the topic-finding the predicate-connecting sentences-extracting keywords.
Specific explanation: Let's take the national volume in 2005 as an example.
Example ① Extract the main information of the following paragraph and write four key words in the box.
It is reported that in the voluminous collection of ancient books in the National Library of China, only 10.6 million volumes of "Dunhuang suicide note" have a long volume of more than 5,000 meters to be repaired, while the National Library has only10 professionals engaged in the restoration of ancient books; There are 30 million ancient books collected by libraries and museums all over the country, and the damage situation is also quite serious, which urgently needs rescue repair, but the total number of ancient book repair talents in China is less than 100. Such a huge restoration project, with so many people, will take nearly a thousand years to complete even if it works day and night.
[Analysis Steps]
1. Clearly state the subject (object).
Any paragraph, whether it is narrative, discussion or commentary, revolves around a topic, and the words that embody the topic are definitely one of the key words. Then, according to different styles, find the theme (important information) of the paragraph.
L find the central topic tip:
An article with narration as its main form ―― The object of narration (people and things)
An article with discussion as its main expression ―― a central argument or theme.
Articles with explanation as the main form of expression-the object of explanation
Articles with description as the main form of expression ―― Describing objects (scenery, things)
A lyrical article ―― Words with emotional tendency
The main expression objects of this passage (major concepts or major events), "ancient books" ("collected ancient books") and "talents" are subject words, which should be screened out.
2. Find the predicate verb corresponding to the stated object (main concept).
This step is mainly to find the predicate verbs or summary words corresponding to the main topic (main concept). For example, "repair" and "lack" are statements of the stated object and cannot be ignored.
3. Connect several words into a sentence (subject-predicate structure).
After the topic and predicate are selected, we can connect several words into a predicate structure sentence. This topic can be related to: (collection) ancient books (urgent) repair, (but in this respect) talent (very) lack. Generally, it can be expressed as subject-predicate structure: "Who or what happened".
4. Screening and extracting keywords.
Finally, we put the linked sentences into paragraphs for testing. If you can basically express the central content of the paragraph, you can screen and finalize the key words-ancient books, restoration, talents, lack (deficiency).
Method 2: Follow the clue (starting from finding the central sentence)
Specific explanation: the key to grasping the center of a paragraph is to find the central sentence. The central sentence is often a sentence that expresses the central meaning of a paragraph and is the core of the paragraph. The central sentence is sometimes the opening sentence, sometimes the ending sentence, and sometimes it may be in the expansion part. We should pay special attention to these sentences, either mentioning the following, summarizing the above, or connecting the preceding with the following. When screening, we can seize this sentence and follow the clues to find the relevant keywords.
The basic process of solving problems: determining the central sentence-carefully pondering-extracting keywords.
We take the topic of Guangdong in 2006 as an example:
Extract the main information of the following paragraph and write four key words ... >>