Refutation is a way of argument to refute others' wrong arguments with powerful arguments. There are three ways: refuting arguments, refuting arguments and refuting arguments. Because argumentative writing is composed of arguments, arguments and arguments, refuting arguments or arguments has the same effect as directly refuting arguments. A rebuttal paper can combine several rebuttal methods to strengthen the strength and persuasiveness of refutation.

1) refuting an argument, that is, directly refuting the one-sided, wrong or fallacy of the other party's argument itself, is the most commonly used method in refuting an argument.

2) refute the argument, that is, reveal the mistakes of the other party's argument, in order to achieve the purpose of knocking down the other party's argument; Because the wrong argument will inevitably lead to the wrong argument.

3) refute arguments, that is, expose the logical errors of the other party in the process of argumentation, such as the contradiction between major premise, minor premise and conclusion, the contradiction between the other party's arguments, and the contradiction between arguments and arguments.

Argumentation and refutation are proofs, one is to prove oneself right from the front, and the other is to prove oneself wrong from the back. They can use basically the same argument method.

(2) The basic structural level of argument: syllogism structure. Ask questions (introduction) → analyze problems (theory) → solve problems (conclusion)

Common argumentation structures: A, general branch structure B, comparative structure C, progressive structure D, and parallel structure.

(3) The demonstration method is as follows:

1) demonstration by example (example method): give conclusive, sufficient and representative examples to prove the argument; (Function: Demonstrate the viewpoint (main argument or sub-argument) concretely and forcefully, and enhance the persuasiveness of the article)

2) Reasoning: use the incisive opinions in classic works, famous sayings and aphorisms of famous people at home and abroad, and recognized theorem formulas to prove the argument; (Function: effectively demonstrate the viewpoint (main argument or sub-argument) and enhance the authority and persuasiveness of the article)

3) Comparative argument: compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove the arguments in comparison; (Function: Highlight and comprehensively demonstrate opinions (main arguments or sub-arguments), which is impressive)