① Collection planning is to determine the goal of collection development, that is, to build a knowledge system with what functions, which is embodied in the collection system and collection structure. In the collection planning, we should also make clear the steps and specific plans to achieve the goal. (2) Literature Selection and Collection According to the requirements of development planning, carefully select and collect literature, constantly enrich the collection, and increase its necessary completeness and ability to support research and decision-making. (3) Collection evaluation is to check and evaluate the accumulated literature, and the results can be used as the basis for improving collection planning and selection, and increasing or decreasing funds. Practice has proved that it is an essential part of collection construction. (4) Collection re-selection refers to the library's multiple choices of collections according to the laws of aging and metabolism of documents, eliminating or storing those outdated, useless or damaged documents, and making the collections more concise and practical. ⑤ Collection organization and management is an important aspect of collection construction. Reasonable collection organization and scientific management make it easier for users to use the collection. ⑥ Collection planning must consider the coordination and division of labor between libraries in literature collection and collection, so as to make the collection of each library become the literature resources of a region or a country, enrich and support libraries with the collections of the country and the region, and expand the utilization range of resources.

After the 1960s, the research on book collection construction has become a hot spot in library science research, and a number of monographs and papers have been published. As a branch of library science, the research on collection construction has developed rapidly, even surpassing the library circle in China, and has become a recognized research field of "document resource construction" in the fields of books, information and archives.