Future development of automotive electronic technology
Automotive electronics is the symbol of modern automobile development. At present, automotive electronics technology has entered the stage of optimizing the overall relationship among people, automobiles and environment, and is developing towards miniaturization of ultra-miniature magnets, ultra-efficient motors and integrated circuits, which provides a foundation for centralized control on automobiles (such as centralized control of braking, steering and suspension, centralized control of engines and transmissions). Automotive electronics technology has made the future of the automotive industry. In the future, automotive electronics technology will make breakthroughs in sensor technology, interconnection communication, microprocessor technology and multi-channel transmission technology.
Keywords automobile; Electronic technology; break through
China Library Classification Number: F407 438+0 Document Identification Number: A.
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According to statistics, from 2009 to 20 10, the average proportion of electronic devices in the whole automobile manufacturing cost rose from 16% to more than 23%. In some luxury cars, the number of single-chip computers has reached 48, and electronic products account for more than 50% of the cost of the whole car. At present, the application of electronic technology has penetrated into almost all systems of automobiles. Automotive electronics is a growing market all over the world. On the one hand, it is attributed to the growth of automobile production, on the other hand, the application of automobile electronics is increasing. Many fields are developing rapidly: for example, some power system technologies to improve fuel efficiency are being developed. Hybrid electric vehicle is one of the possible solutions. It is expected that the market share of diesel engines will continue to expand. The piezoelectric injection system composed of EPCOS piezoelectric brakes in these cars can improve fuel efficiency 15%. In both cases, auxiliary electronic equipment will benefit from the development of powertrain technology.
Since 1990s, automotive electronic technology has entered the third stage of its development, which is the most valuable and contributing stage to the development of automotive industry. I think the future automotive electronic technology should make a breakthrough in the following aspects:
1 concept of modern automotive electronic technology
Automotive electronic technology is based on the rapid development of electronic technology. With the technological progress of transistors, integrated circuits, large-scale integrated circuits to ultra-large-scale integrated circuits, various electronic devices such as computers have appeared, and the automotive electronic technology has also been continuously developed. The addition of information technology enriches the connotation of the original automotive electronic technology. Therefore, we can define the modern automotive electronic technology as follows: the functional electronic control technology of the automobile itself+the electronic information technology applied to the automobile.
1. 1 The so-called application of electronic information technology in automobiles mainly refers to the on-board electronic equipment that can be used independently in the automobile environment, and has no direct relationship with the performance of the automobile itself. It is a vehicle-mounted computer system developed by using electronic information technology, which has the functions of information processing, language recognition, communication, navigation, anti-theft, image display and entertainment.
1.2 the so-called functional electronic control technology of the automobile itself mainly refers to an automatic closed-loop control system consisting of sensors, electronic control units and actuators, which completes some functions required by the automobile itself, and it is closely related to the performance of the automobile itself. For example: electronic fuel injection system, electronically controlled suspension, anti-lock braking control, anti-skid control, traction control, electronically controlled automatic transmission, electronic power steering, etc. At present, in some cars, electronic equipment has accounted for more than 50% of the cost of the whole car, and some luxury cars have been equipped with hundreds of microcontrollers (MCU). Automotive electronics technology has become the main force to create automotive value and differentiation.
2 sensor technology
The first trend of automotive electronics development is automotive sensing technology. Due to the diversification of automobile electronic control system, the types and quantities of sensors needed are increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new sensor with high precision, high reliability and low cost. In the future, intelligent integrated sensors should not only provide analog and processed signals, but also amplify and process them. At the same time, it can automatically carry out time drift, temperature drift and nonlinear self-correction, and has strong ability to resist external electromagnetic interference, ensuring that the signal quality of the sensor is not affected, and it can maintain high accuracy even under particularly harsh use conditions. It also has the advantages of compact structure and convenient installation, thus avoiding the influence of mechanical characteristics. A characteristic of the development of modern automobile technology is that more and more parts are controlled electronically. According to the function of the sensor, it can detect the temperature, pressure, position, angle, rotation, acceleration, vibration, angular velocity, flow, light, distance and other physical quantities of the car. Water temperature, oil temperature, exhaust temperature, cylinder pressure, tire pressure and brake pressure all need to be detected. Therefore, the role of sensors in automobiles is very important, and the development of sensing technology will also drive the development of automobile technology.
3 micro-machining technology
The second major trend in the development of automotive electronics is the micro-processing technology of automobiles. Three years ago, a car used an average of about 20 microcontrollers, but now it uses an average of 40 to 60. In addition, automotive design engineers are still trying to improve the performance of the chips used. A successful automotive electronic control unit depends on the choice of microprocessor in the design. The electronic control units of modern engines and gearboxes generally use 32-bit CPU to process real-time algorithms. In the field of automobile chassis, safety and body system, 16-bit or 32-bit processor can be used according to the complexity of control. The chassis controller scans the sensor in most working hours, and the CPU must be able to provide corresponding processing power at all times. The whole judgment program can be judged and started in just a few milliseconds. Samsung's S3C44BOX is a high-performance processor. We firmly believe that in the near future, high-performance unprocessed processors will be widely used in automobile control units, and the performance of automobiles will be greatly improved.
4 connection communication
The third trend of automotive electronics development is automotive communication connection. Nowadays, consumers all over the world can enjoy the convenience brought by digital electronic technology and wireless infrastructure, such as mobile phones, digital compressed music and video on hard disks, digital TV broadcasting, Wi-Fi, audio and TV satellite broadcasting (XM/Sirius, DirecTV) and GPS. Now, consumers begin to hope to enjoy the same technology and communication convenience in their cars and trucks, thus making the driving process more efficient, convenient and interesting. Products and technologies such as GPS navigation, in-vehicle information service (automatic telecommunications brought by two-way wireless links such as embedded mobile phones), satellite broadcasting and rear seat TV are the best examples to conform to this trend. We have clearly seen that communication connection has been widely used in automobiles. It is believed that with the continuous development of communication technology, its application in the automobile field will become more common, and automobile driving will become more convenient and efficient.
5 Multi-channel transmission technology
The fourth trend of the development of automotive electronics is the multiplex transmission technology of automobiles. Multi-channel transmission technology and multi-channel transmission technology are very necessary and effective for realizing electronic control integration. After adopting this technology, each data line becomes a network to share the information of the computer in the automobile center. With the continuous development of signal processing technology, the processing ability of DSP is becoming more and more powerful, and the sampling and transmission of multi-channel data has become the bottleneck of digital signal processing. With the rapid development of electronic technology and signal processing technology, multi-channel transmission technology will gradually enter the practical stage from the laboratory. After adopting this technology, each data line becomes a network, thus isolating the information of the computer in the automobile center. The microprocessor can receive signals from other units through the network. There should be a new interface between the sensor and the actuator to connect with the multi-channel transmission system. Once the multi-channel transmission technology is applied to the automobile field, the components in the automobile can be connected more closely and smoothly, and the performance of the automobile control and detection system will be greatly improved.
6 concluding remarks
With the society entering the information network era, the main problems to be solved in automobile design will still be safety and environmental protection. The rapid development of electronic technology has created conditions for the development of automobiles in the direction of electronization, intelligence, networking and multimedia. Automobile is not only a means of transportation, but also has many functions such as transportation, entertainment, office and communication. The electronization of automobiles has brought the automobile industry into the digital age. With the progress of digital technology, automobiles will also enter the multimedia era. The vehicle-mounted computer multimedia system developed by using windows operating system has the functions of information processing, communication, navigation, anti-theft, language recognition, image display and entertainment. In the near future, the car will be equipped with automatic navigation and assisted driving system, and the driver can input the driving destination into the on-board computer, and the car will travel along the best driving route to reach the destination. People can also control various facilities in the car through the language recognition system.
refer to
[1] Yao Jianqi. An implementation method of multi-channel signal sampling and data transmission [J]. Modern Electronic Technology, 2007(03).
[2] Li Lin, Zheng Wang. New Technology of Automotive Electronics [J]. Automotive Applications, 2008(05).
[3] Yuan. Automotive electronic technology and industry go hand in hand [J]. Computer World, 2005(2 1).
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