This paper analyzes the common problems in the quality and safety management of construction projects, which are manifested in the imperfect quality management system of construction projects, the lack of comprehensive ability of project builders, and the substandard building materials. Combined with the requirements of quality and safety management of construction projects, relevant countermeasures are put forward, so as to continuously improve the effect of quality management of construction projects and avoid various undesirable problems.
Keywords: quality of construction projects; Safety management; management system
In recent years, China's construction industry has shown a rapid development trend. In the development of construction projects, due to the neglect of quality control and safety management, various safety accidents and quality problems frequently occur, which has a great impact on the development of enterprises. In the actual process of quality management of construction projects, construction units need to strengthen the importance of safety management, comprehensively analyze the potential risk factors in construction projects, and formulate scientific and effective prevention and management countermeasures to avoid safety accidents on the basis of ensuring the quality of construction projects. This paper will analyze the current situation of quality and safety management of construction projects, hoping to bring some reference value to related research activities.
1 analysis of common problems in quality and safety management of construction projects
In the quality and safety management of construction projects, there are many problems, such as the imperfect quality management system of construction projects, the lack of comprehensive ability of project builders, and the substandard building materials, which affect the quality of construction projects and are not conducive to the continuous improvement of the quality of construction projects.
The construction quality management system of 1. 1 is not perfect.
It is necessary to establish a clear quality management system in building engineering construction, analyze the common quality influencing factors in building engineering construction, and implement the work in combination with the relevant requirements, standards and norms of the state [1]. However, in the process of comprehensive construction quality and safety management, there is a problem that the management system is not comprehensive enough. Or some construction engineering units have established a project management system, but the actual management system is "a mere formality" and it is difficult to really play its role. The construction quality management system of building engineering can't be the same, and it needs to be deeply analyzed in combination with the actual situation of building engineering and the requirements of engineering construction, so as to clarify the construction objectives and ensure the construction quality [2]. However, at present, many construction engineering units properly rectify and deliver the previous documents during the quality system certification. In order to pursue the progress of the project unilaterally, it is difficult to ensure the overall quality of the construction project by subcontracting or subcontracting. In this case, it will affect the quality control and safety awareness of construction personnel, and the effect of quality control is not ideal.
1.2 The comprehensive ability of the project construction personnel is insufficient.
In recent years, with the rapid development of China's construction industry, the demand for construction workers has gradually increased. In particular, many rural residents have joined the work construction activities to meet the labor demand of the construction industry. However, due to the lack of professional knowledge of many construction workers, the actual quality of construction projects has also been affected, which subsequently increased the incidence of quality and safety problems. The lack of comprehensive ability and comprehensive and meticulous pre-job training of project construction personnel will affect the quality of building construction. Problems that affect the construction quality due to irregular operation of employees occur from time to time, which will also have a negative impact on the whole construction project management. It is necessary to improve the importance of quality and safety management of construction projects and strengthen the training and guidance of relevant personnel.
1.3 The quality of building materials is not up to standard.
The quality of materials has a great influence on the quality and safety management of construction projects. However, in order to control the cost, many enterprises may introduce some materials that are difficult to meet the requirements in the process of purchasing building materials, and the qualification requirements for suppliers are relatively low [3]. In order to pursue economic benefits unilaterally, construction engineering units did not properly consider the price of materials. After building materials enter the construction site, many construction sites are randomly stacked in terms of material management. Poor warehouse conditions on the construction site, and imperfect actual rainproof and fire prevention work will also lead to corrosion and waste of materials and increase the construction cost.
2 Analysis of countermeasures for quality and safety management of construction projects
In the process of quality and safety management of construction projects, dynamic supervision and control can be implemented by improving the quality and safety management system; Strengthen the safety education and training of employees, strengthen the management of construction technology, strictly control the quality of building materials, do a good job in quality inspection, and improve the effect of quality management of construction projects.
2. 1 Improve the quality and safety management system and implement dynamic supervision and control.
Construction engineering units need to start from the perspective of safety management. In the process of construction safety management, every staff member needs to maintain quality and safety awareness and improve the quality and safety management system [4]. The responsibilities of quality and safety management should be divided according to the specific work contents and posts, and integrated into the management system with clear rights and responsibilities. Once any link has quality and safety problems, it is necessary to investigate the responsibilities of relevant personnel in time to minimize the occurrence of safety accidents. Management departments also need to strengthen supervision, implement dynamic monitoring, and deeply understand the implementation of the current quality and safety management system [5]. For example, professional supervisors can supervise and inspect the construction site, construction personnel and all links during construction, and find and deal with problems in time. Through the "reward and punishment mechanism", the actual work situation of employees is evaluated, those who make mistakes or have poor work quality are punished, and those who have good work quality and good test results are rewarded, so that every employee can realize the necessity of quality and safety management and make all quality and safety management systems truly implemented.
2.2 Strengthen the safety education and training of employees and strengthen the management of construction technology.
In the quality management of construction projects, it is necessary to strengthen the guidance of safety skills for managers and constructors. Before taking up the post, safety skills should be assessed, and professional safety education and guidance should be carried out in combination with the assessment results, so that every staff member can maintain the awareness of quality and safety prevention. A special training management department can be set up in construction engineering units, and professional lecturers can supervise and guide the work of employees. Regularly evaluate the skills assessment of employees, and organize employees whose assessment results are unqualified to re-learn. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the guidance of various technologies in building engineering construction and implement construction technology management. In the construction of building engineering, we can optimize the construction degree, supervise the application of various technologies, effectively connect various new ideas, new technologies and new processes, and continuously improve the overall quality of building engineering.
2.3 Strictly control the quality of building materials and do a good job in quality inspection.
The quality of raw materials in the construction process is a common influencing factor, which needs more attention. The construction unit needs to strengthen the management of the material purchasing department. Enterprises should cultivate purchasing personnel's ability to distinguish material quality, analyze specific construction problems, and ensure the accuracy of various material parameters and the material quality can meet the requirements. Strengthen the professional ethics guidance of the staff in the procurement department to avoid all kinds of bad problems. Construction engineering units need to choose suppliers with good qualifications, strong strength and high credibility during the procurement of materials. In the early stage of building engineering materials procurement, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive market survey. Fully understand the price and fluctuation of relevant materials in the current market. Investigate the social image, service quality and customer satisfaction of material suppliers. On the basis of comprehensive investigation, eliminate bad units in time, choose units with high credibility and good social evaluation, and establish cooperative relations with them. The quality of materials supplied by construction projects needs to be guaranteed, and materials with poor quality should not be mixed in. Construction engineering units need to test the quality of materials, detect unqualified materials in time by scientific methods, record the testing situation in time, and replace unqualified products in time. In the process of building materials management, it is necessary to scientifically analyze the environment of material management, ensure that its humidity and temperature are appropriate, avoid direct sunlight and rain, reduce the occurrence of material corrosion and damage, strictly control the quality of building materials and ensure its use effect.
3 Conclusion
Quality and safety are closely related to residents' safety and social stability. The construction industry needs to comprehensively improve the importance of quality and safety management and implement dynamic supervision by improving the quality and safety management system; Strengthening the safety education and training of employees, strengthening the management of construction technology, strictly controlling the quality of building materials and doing a good job in quality inspection can reduce the occurrence of quality and safety problems of construction projects on the basis of ensuring the economic benefits of construction units, give full play to the role of supervision and management, and promote the healthy development of construction industry.
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