Analysis of the causes of production safety accidents in many enterprises in recent years is inseparable from the important reasons that safety management is not in place and the main responsibility is not implemented. The mode of safety management still stays in the passive safety management mode. Leaders should be safe, systems should ensure safety, and superiors should take care of safety. The reason is that the enterprise has not really established the core safety management mechanism.
Main manifestations of passive safety management mode in enterprises
In safety management, many enterprises only pay attention to safety results and ignore safety process management. Our survey shows that many enterprises have the following performance in safety management.
Slogan-style safety Many enterprises with major production safety accidents have signs hanging on the walls: "Come to work happily and go home safely; Life safety is the whole family, and family happiness is a person; Wise men use lessons to stop bleeding, fools use blood for lessons; Once you are lucky enough to hide a danger, you will consciously ensure a safety. " The problem is that these maxims are not rooted in employees' minds at all, and safety has become a slogan and has not been implemented in employees' actions.
Institutional safety
All enterprises have set up safety management institutions, defined the person in charge of safety management, set up a special safety management team and formulated a set of safety management rules and regulations. However, after the organization and personnel were put in place, due to the low quality of personnel and neglect of safety management, a set of safety rules and regulations were pieced together and documents were issued. It was not until the accident that the reason was found out. Facts have proved that these regulations either lack operability or are shelved.
Leadership safety
Once the leader wants to check the safety work at the grass-roots level, the safety functional department of the higher-level enterprise will promptly issue documents or call to ask for a good safety inspection as soon as possible. At this time, the security departments of grass-roots enterprises will be in a hurry, sorting out information, filling in accounts, managing the scene, checking hidden dangers, grasping rectification and pulling slogans. As soon as the security check is over, it will return to the situation that leaders want safety and leaders manage safety. Safety management is an all-staff, all-process, all-round and all-weather supervision and management operation system, which is not the safety of any organization or leader. It is one of the core elements that every employee must have. Safety should be a behavior habit that employees consciously and voluntarily recognize, emphasize and maintain safety.
The Root of Passive Safety Management Mode
There are many reasons for the above passive safety management mode, both in mechanism and management. There are both conscious reasons and quality reasons. Through investigation, we found that the main reason is that "four are not in place".
Safety publicity and education training is not in place.
Thought determines action, and action determines behavior. This requires the security department to strengthen safety publicity, education and training, and vigorously publicize the safety production policy of safety first, prevention first and comprehensive management; Vigorously publicize the safety operation procedures; Vigorously publicize safety rules and regulations such as employee safety reward and punishment regulations. The security department should make a safety publicity, education and training plan. The three-level education and training system is the threshold and special pass for employees to take up their posts, but this kind of training is temporary, not permanent, and cannot be done overnight. After employees take up their posts, the safety technology department should continuously strengthen continuing safety education and training, so that they can constantly improve their skills in mastering safety operation procedures, constantly understand new safety rules and regulations, and constantly enhance their awareness of safety precautions.
Safety investment is not in place
The core of enterprise production is to create benefits, and the premise of enterprise production is safety. When there is a contradiction between the core and the premise, we must make a decisive decision, draw up a safety investment plan in time, make a safety technical transformation plan, and assign a special person to be responsible for the implementation. On the one hand, enterprises should study the overall safety investment budget in time; On the other hand, timely handle the safety input problems found and put forward by employees in production, and provide safe and reliable equipment and equipment guarantee for employees in production practice.
Safety supervision is not in place.
The safety supervision of enterprises is mainly the person in charge of safety function management departments and units, on the other hand, the safety officer; Moreover, some employees are not responsible for their own safety, let alone supervise others. Now many enterprises are equipped with part-time security officers, but part-time security officers can only work part-time, so it is difficult to take responsibility at the same time, and the effect is not obvious. Some enterprises are equipped with full-time safety officers, who are both producers and supervisors, so it is difficult to handle the relationship between production and safety, because supervisors and producers are equal and can not play a supervisory role, so it is difficult to implement safety supervision in place.
Safety assessment is not in place.
Safety management requires our safety department and full-time safety officers to go deep into the production line every day, take a look, ask, check, check frequently, find more, check quickly and check strictly. The problem is that many enterprises don't do this in safety management, either because they don't respect violators or because full-time safety officers are incompetent and lack of sense of responsibility.
Establish a core security management mechanism
To solve the above problems, the key is to establish a professional and full-time team of safety officers, so that they can strictly supervise, manage and enforce the law, thus forming a long-term mechanism of safety supervision.
Give full play to the important role of full-time security officers at the grass-roots level
First, conscientiously implement the national laws and regulations on production safety, specifically implement various rules and regulations on production safety, and take direct responsibility for production safety of enterprises. The second is to participate in the preparation of enterprise safety systems, major safety plans and safety management measures. The third is to cooperate with the security department to do a good job in three-level safety education for employees. The fourth is to organize and participate in safety technical disclosure, control the safety of the whole production process, and supervise and inspect the compliance of operators. Stop illegal operations, strictly abide by safety discipline, and have the right to stop risky operations when there is a contradiction between safety and production. The fifth is to grasp the safety dynamics, take preventive measures in time when accidents are found, provide safety technical consultation, deal with potential safety hazards on site in time, and issue rectification notices within a time limit. Sixth, be responsible for the investigation and analysis of general accidents and put forward suggestions for handling them.
Selection conditions and methods of full-time security officers at the grass-roots level
Building a high-quality full-time safety officer team is the fundamental guarantee to improve the level of safety management and realize the safety production of enterprises. First of all, the selection of full-time security officers at the grass-roots level must pay attention to working experience in the production site with a certain number of years and high professional quality. Employees with rich experience in on-site management and accident handling should be selected from the production line as full-time security officers. Secondly, full-time security officers at the grass-roots level must have a certain degree, and must obtain the qualification examination for security officers through continuous study and training, and hold relevant certificates. Third, full-time security officers at the grass-roots level must be familiar with safety production management regulations, safety operation procedures, electrical, mechanical equipment, blasting and other professional knowledge, and have the ability to deal with on-site safety problems and emergencies, which is also a substantive condition that full-time security officers at the grass-roots level must have. The selection of full-time security officers at the grass-roots level can be openly recruited within the enterprise, and can be voluntarily declared by individuals and organized for examination and approval; You can also take the form of organizational recommendation, conduct theoretical and practical examinations, select the best candidates from high scores to low scores, then conduct defense and political review, and finally determine the candidates.
Establish a full-time security officer assessment system at the grass-roots level.
After the selection of safety personnel, we must strictly strengthen the construction of safety personnel team and establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation and assessment system for safety personnel. Otherwise, it will enter the misunderstanding of no post, no responsibility and no responsibility. The establishment of security personnel evaluation system may wish to start from the following aspects.
Strengthen training. Enterprises must grasp three principles in the process of openly selecting full-time safety officers, that is, the post of safety officer is not dispensable; The post of security officer is not a post that anyone can come if he wants to; The position of security guard is not a position where you can muddle along. Enterprises must select full-time security officers fairly and openly on the premise of adhering to the principle. After establishing a team of full-time security officers, they must be sent out for training. Must receive professional training from provincial or national professional safety institutions, and obtain the qualification certificate of registered safety engineer or assistant safety engineer after examination. Those who fail the exam are definitely not allowed to take up their posts. Only by strengthening training and mastering professional skills can they manage safety well.
Authorization. The personnel management of full-time security officers should be directly controlled by enterprises, and wages should not be placed at the grassroots level, otherwise it will be difficult to enforce the law impartially. Enterprises should give them the right to enforce the law and dress them, which is different from the work clothes of enterprise employees; They should also be given veto power. As long as the employees who violate the rules are recorded, the safety officer can veto the future promotion, evaluation of advanced, joining the party and promotion of the employees who violate the rules.
Strict assessment. After being selected as a security officer, it is not a lifelong career. Enterprises must strengthen the regular assessment of safety personnel, public assessment, posting. Those safety officers who have not found violations for a month, have not issued a ticket for a month and have never exercised their veto power are classified as unqualified safety officers. At the same time, the "black-faced Bao Gong" safety officers who enforce the law impartially, and the safety officers who solve major safety problems or avoid major safety accidents will be rewarded as the leaders of grass-roots units, and a system will be formed. Anyone who has not been engaged in the occupation of full-time security officer shall not be promoted to the leadership of grass-roots units.
Improve the system. It is a beneficial attempt to establish a full-time security officer system in enterprises. Only by constantly improving the management system of full-time safety personnel, maintaining this long-term safety management mechanism, constantly enriching the safety personnel team and maintaining a reasonable age structure of the safety personnel team can safety management be guaranteed.
This article comes from lunwen.com/gllw/1205/1336091307.html in the 20th century.