What should I do if my graduation thesis defense fails? There are usually two debates, so you can't worry at this time. You should think about the process and precautions of your defense and prepare for the next time.
First, the general procedure of graduation thesis defense
1. Students must submit their graduation thesis in triplicate, together with the outline and draft, half a month before the thesis defense meeting, which has been approved and signed by the tutor. The main defense teacher of the defense Committee will work out the questions to be asked on the basis of carefully studying the graduation thesis, and then hold a defense meeting.
2. At the defense meeting, let students spend about 15 minutes to summarize the topic and the reasons for choosing the topic, and introduce the main arguments, arguments and writing experience of the paper in detail.
3. The main defense teacher asks questions. The main defense teacher usually asks three questions. After the teacher asks questions, some schools stipulate that students can prepare independently 15? Come back to the scene after 20 minutes to answer, either in a conversational way or the main defense teacher asks three questions in one breath. After listening clearly and writing it down, the students will answer them one by one in order. According to the specific situation of students' answers, the main defense teacher and other defense teachers can ask appropriate questions at any time.
Students quit after answering all the questions one by one. According to the quality of the paper and the defense situation, the defense Committee collectively decides whether to pass or not, and formulates achievements and opinions.
5. Recall the students, the main defense teacher will summarize the situation in the process of thesis and defense for the students, affirm their advantages and disadvantages, point out their mistakes or shortcomings, make necessary supplements and guidance, and announce the approval or disapproval of the students. As for the results of the paper, it is generally not announced on the spot.
Second, the main defense teacher's questioning method
In the graduation thesis defense meeting, the way the main defense teacher asks questions will affect the realization of the purpose of organizing the defense meeting and the students' defense level. It is necessary for the presiding teacher to pay attention to his own way of asking questions.
1. Ask questions according to the principle of easy before difficult. Generally, the main defense teacher will ask each respondent three or more questions, and it is best to ask these questions in the order from easy to difficult. The first question asked should generally be considered as a question that students can answer and answer well. When students answer the first question well, they will relax their nervousness and strengthen themselves? Me? Being able to answer confidently is conducive to the normal level of defense in the following questions. On the other hand, if you can't answer the first question, it will give students a psychological burden, aggravate their nervousness and produce panic, which will inevitably affect the defense of the following questions, so it is difficult to correctly test students' defense ability and academic level.
2. Ask questions step by step. In order to correctly test students' mastery of professional basic knowledge, it is sometimes necessary to divide a big question into several small questions and ask questions step by step. For example, there is a paper on "Science and technology are the primary productive forces", and the test level questions given by the examiners are composed of the following four small questions. (1) What is technology? (2) Is science and technology an independent factor of productivity? After the students gave the correct answer, they immediately asked the third little question: (3) Science and technology are not independent factors of productivity, so why is it said to be productivity? (4) How to understand that science and technology are the primary productive forces? Through such questions, according to the students' defense, the students' solid mastery of basic knowledge can be accurately measured. If you can't answer any of these four small questions, it means that the student has not mastered the basic professional knowledge well; If all four questions can be answered correctly, it shows that the student has a solid grasp of basic knowledge; If you can answer two of them? Three, or a small question in each question, but the answer is incomplete or incorrect, indicating that the student has mastered the basic knowledge in general. If you don't take this step-by-step way of asking questions, it will be difficult to accurately measure a student's mastery of professional basic knowledge. If the above question is the way to ask questions: please talk about why science and technology are the primary productive forces? Students may repeat the main content of the paper. It is difficult to know exactly whether students' mastery of basic knowledge is good, poor or average.
When the respondent's point of view is different from his own, we should discuss with him in a gentle way and in a discussion tone, that is, should there be? Elder? Manner, practice your skills, and avoid condescending and swearing. No need? The truth? Master pretends to be useful? No? 、? Wrong? 、? Fallacy? Waiting for a negative judgment. Remember? Yes, maybe not, and maybe not? Motto, have good advice. If the author's point of view is reasonable and well founded, even if it is completely contrary to his own point of view, he should recognize it and be willing to accept it. If the author's views are immature and imperfect, they should be discussed in good faith and peacefully, giving students equal rights to defend or refute. When your point of view cannot be accepted by the author, you should not bully the weak, oppress the reason with power, and be rude. Although in the process of defense, the status of the defense teacher and the students is not equal (one is the examiner and the other is the examinee), but they are completely equal in personality. It is normal to show mutual respect and modesty in defense, and it is difficult to unify views for a while. You don't have to impose your own views on others, just take your own views out for the other party's reference. In fact, as long as the defense teacher speaks euphemistically and peacefully, it is easier for students to accept and consider your point of view, and it is easier to re-examine their own points of view, so as to achieve the goal of exploring the truth together.
4. When students can't answer questions for a while, heuristic and guided questioning methods should be adopted. Teachers who have participated in the thesis defense Committee may have encountered such a situation: students can't answer your questions, and some are helpless? Stay? Use; Some ramble with you and beat around the bush, but in fact he doesn't know the answer. In this case, the defense teacher can't embarrass the students? Stay? You can't let it talk to you there, but you should inspire or guide it in time. There are many reasons why students can't answer, some of which are because the questions are completely unexpected, or do they just improvise? Blind spot of perception? And can't answer. At this time, with a little guidance and inspiration, students can be trained? Memories Knowledge, answer questions well. Only through inspiration and guidance can we judge that he really doesn't have this knowledge when he still can't answer and get to the point.
Third, students should pay attention to defense.
In order to successfully pass the defense and truly show their level in the defense, students should not only make full preparations before the defense, but also understand and master the essentials and art of the defense.
(a) Bring necessary information and supplies.
First of all, students should bring papers and main reference materials when attending the defense meeting. As mentioned above, some colleges and universities stipulate that students can prepare for a certain period of time after the main defense teacher asks questions at the defense meeting, and then answer them face to face. In this case, the necessity of carrying papers and main reference materials is self-evident. In the process of answering, you are also allowed to read your own papers and related reference materials. Although you can't rely on these materials when defending, you can take them with you. When you can't remember for a moment, you can avoid the embarrassment and confusion of not answering. Secondly, you should also bring a pen and notebook to record the questions and valuable opinions and opinions raised by the main defense teacher. By recording, you can not only ease your nervousness, but also better understand the key and essence of the teacher's question. At the same time, you can think while recording and make the thinking process natural.
(2) Be confident and don't be nervous.
On the basis of full preparation, there is no need to be nervous and have confidence. It is very important to build confidence and eliminate tension and panic, because excessive tension will make it impossible to answer questions that could have been answered. Only if you are confident and calm, your defense will have a good performance. Self-confidence mainly comes from making full preparations in advance.
(3) After listening to the question clearly, think about it before you answer.
When the main defense teacher asks questions, the students should listen attentively and write down the answers to the questions in the notebook, and carefully examine what is the key and essence of the questions raised by the main defense teacher. Don't answer the question if you don't know its meaning. If you are not clear about the question, you can ask the teacher to say it again. If you don't understand some concepts in the question, you can ask the teacher to explain it, or you can express your understanding of the question, and ask if it means this, and then answer it after you get a positive answer. It is possible to avoid answering irrelevant questions. The answer is to the point.
(4) Answer questions concisely.
After knowing the exact meaning of the questions raised by the main defense teacher, you should respond in a short time, speak your thoughts confidently in fluent language and positive tone, and do not hesitate. To answer questions, first, we must grasp the key points, be concise and to the point, and don't ramble, so that people can't get to the point after listening; Second, we should strive to be objective, comprehensive and dialectical, leave room for it and avoid talking too much? Die? ; Third, it is necessary to make a concrete analysis and have a clear hierarchy. In addition, pay attention to clear words, moderate voice and so on.
(5) Don't argue with unanswerable questions.
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