Paper Keywords: art education, social harmony, harmonious science and technology
The development of science and technology and economic progress have brought convenience to people's lives, but they have also brought many negative effects that cannot be ignored. Economic interests have become the center of everything, and the excessive pursuit of advanced science and technology and economic interests has suppressed and indifferent human nature, resulting in disharmony between the development of human nature and social development, while aesthetic education plays an important role in the harmonious development of people and society. Starting with the harmonious development of human beings, this paper discusses the importance of art education and how to effectively implement it.
Social transformation and the turn of the century have pushed art education to an extremely important position that cannot be ignored. How to effectively strengthen art education has become a concern of the whole society.
First, the factors that are not conducive to the harmonious development of people.
According to research, people have both sensibility and rationality. Perception refers to some physiological and psychological elements inherent in human nature, such as desire, instinct, perception, imagination, emotion, intuition and subconscious. Rationality includes reason, judgment, reasoning and values, and belongs to acquired consciousness. Perception is the basis of rationality and accepts the guidance and norms of acceptability; Reason is permeated with premonition and exists in people by relying on sensibility. People should get all-round and harmonious development, that is, rationality and sensibility should get all-round development at the same time.
1. The harm brought by the development of science and technology and economy
Science and technology not only bring convenience to people's lives, but also bring a series of problems. Economic interests become the center of everything, the relationship between people is becoming more and more indifferent, lacking honesty and care, people's moral level is declining and the environment is polluted. Most people are eager for quick success and instant benefit, ignore the process, and only pay attention to utility, purpose and result, which makes people's real inner life, emotional activities and emotional experiences compressed and human nature suppressed, which leads to disharmony between people's perceptual desire and spiritual pursuit, and rationality excessively suppresses sensibility. Schiller, a famous German thinker, is also clearly aware of the duality of industry and modern civilization. He believes that on the one hand, it promotes the development of human society, on the other hand, it also leads to the mechanical, fragmentary and passive work of human beings and the frustration of human nature, which destroys the harmony of human nature.
2. Problems in current education
Education should be people-oriented education, and its most fundamental purpose is to promote the all-round and harmonious development of people, such as Herbert, a famous British art education theorist. What does Li De think? People should be educated to realize who they really are. It means that education should make people develop their innate potential as much as possible and make human nature develop in an all-round and harmonious way. But at present, our education is biased towards natural science in knowledge structure. Science education has been paid more and more attention by schools. It is based on an extreme understanding of practical utilitarianism that the value of traditional humanities is gradually ignored by people? Our current educational model focuses on rational education, emphasizing the imparting of knowledge, skills training and moral norms, while ignoring students' emotions. As a result, the students we have trained are poor in creativity, communication skills and cooperation with others.
Second, the important role of art education in the contradiction of harmonious development between man and society
If the society wants to develop harmoniously, it must restrain and standardize human nature, which also hinders the harmonious development of human nature to some extent. For example, political, moral, legal, religious and other norms and requirements to promote the harmonious development of society all restrict, discipline and curb people's perceptual desires, so as to make them conform to the group, thus restricting and standardizing human nature, and to some extent suppressing human nature, which is not conducive to the harmonious development of people. Nowadays, many science and technology, material production, some management behaviors and even the national superstructure emphasize people-oriented, and the core of people-oriented is to care about people's individual emotions and hearts, and to care about the value and existence of individual perceptual life. This reflects that with the development of society, people begin to realize the importance of people's inner feelings more and more, and also begin to pay attention to the contradiction between social development and people. How to adjust the contradiction between the harmonious development of society and people, and how to better implement the people-oriented and harmonious development of society? Schiller, a German writer, believes that human spirit and body are aesthetically harmonious, because only in aesthetics can human be free, and only in aesthetic activities can human be neither forced by sensibility nor forced by reason. Art education is a kind of liberation of human nature. By promoting, cultivating and shaping people's perceptual life and desires, people can express and satisfy freely, thus making human nature develop harmoniously. It can be seen that art education plays an important role in the harmonious development of man and society.
Third, how to implement art education.
1. Correctly understand and attach importance to art education.
Art education is not the cultivation of specific artistic skills, but the cultivation of an aesthetic world outlook. Its main purpose is not to cultivate artists who master artistic skills, but to cultivate people with healthy aesthetic attitudes? An artist of life? . Educators should establish the belief that every student has the ability to feel and create beauty at birth. Aesthetic education is an education for all students, and it is education in a broad sense, not just for majors and individual students with artistic expertise. Art education is not only to instill an artistic skill in students, but also to cultivate students' aesthetic ability and creative ability, and to cultivate life artists.
2. Integrate art education into the whole educational activities and implement various and multi-level art education.
Art education is not the same as several music art classes, and beauty is everywhere. It is not an independent discipline, and beauty exists in all disciplines. This requires the school to put the concept of art education throughout the whole teaching process. At the same time, in addition to the implementation of art education for students, it is necessary to strengthen the aesthetic education for teachers, because only when teachers have a good understanding of the spirit of art education can they better promote art education.
3. Art education is not passive indoctrination and mandatory norms, but a conscious choice.
Aesthetic education is a kind of personalized education, which pays attention to the cultivation of individual personality, improves individual psychology and personal quality, and creates positive social psychology and social fashion that conforms to human nature and enables people to develop according to their own characteristics. Educators should educate people with the object of beauty, and emotionally stimulate the educated to feel or be moved by beauty. As Liang Qichao said: There is nothing more sacred than emotion in the world. Guiding people with understanding can at most let people know what to do and how to do it, but it doesn't matter whether the guided person can do it or not. Sometimes the more he knows, the less he does. Stimulating people with emotions is like attracting iron with magnetism. No matter how big the magnetism is, it will attract iron as much as possible, and there is no room for evasion. ?
Born with it? Beautiful? Closely related, what people want? Beautiful? , in? Beautiful? In the experience, talents will be more enriched and the spiritual world will be richer, which is more conducive to enhancing moral sentiments and promoting individual harmony and perfection. Imagine that if people lack the perception and understanding of beauty, the spiritual world is scarce, and the living environment is just a pile of materials, the consequences will be unimaginable. Numbness to beauty may lead to the degradation of human vision, hearing and even taste, and even indifference to human nature itself, leading to the distortion of personality. Society is made up of people. If the individuals who make up this society cannot develop harmoniously, how can this society develop harmoniously? This is a problem that we have to think and explore in this industrialized, scientific and informational society.
References:
[1] Textbook Compilation Group of Fine Arts Pedagogy in Normal Universities. Art pedagogy [M]. Higher Education Press, February 2005.
[2] Art Curriculum Standard Development Group of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education. Interpretation of the art curriculum standard (experimental draft) [M]. Beijing Normal University Press, 2002.5.