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Precipitation variability has a great influence on social life, but the word has rarely been heard before. Why?
With the climate warming, the water-holding capacity of the atmosphere will be enhanced, and the global water cycle will continue to strengthen. On a global scale, this is manifested in the increase of total precipitation and the enhancement of precipitation extreme value. At the same time, the change of precipitation variability is an important part of water cycle change, but the international scientific community pays little attention to it. Precipitation variability refers to the possible fluctuation or oscillation range of precipitation events. The greater the variability, the more frequent the occurrence of abnormal precipitation, the stronger the climate heterogeneity, and the more extreme events, the greater the impact on people's livelihood and social and economic development. Under the background of climate warming, the change of precipitation variability will affect the climate elasticity of society and ecosystem, which is an important link that must be considered in dealing with climate change.

Zhang Wenxia, an associate professor at the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Lanzhou Branch of China Academy of Sciences, and colleagues from the British Meteorological Office pointed out in a recent paper published in the journal Science Progress that precipitation variability will increase with climate warming. The global humid areas (mainly tropical, monsoon and mid-high latitudes) will become "wetter and wetter" because of the increase of total precipitation, the distribution of precipitation in time will become more uneven, and the fluctuation of dry-wet cycle will also become "wetter and wetter". The change rate of annual precipitation in China is between 10%-50%.

The annual variation rate is smaller in areas with abundant annual precipitation, but larger in areas with less annual precipitation. Precipitation variability is a statistic used to show the degree of precipitation change. It can be divided into absolute precipitation variability and relative precipitation variability. Generally speaking, the relative variability of precipitation is more meaningful than the absolute variability, which is often referred to as the relative variability of precipitation.

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