Ningxia is located in the arid and semi-arid area of the northwest inland plateau of China, which belongs to a typical temperate continental climate. The basic characteristics of Ningxia's climate are long cold in winter, short hot in summer, quick warm in spring, early cool in autumn and distinct four seasons. Due to the influence of scale and topography, the biggest climate difference in Ningxia is "cold in the south and warm in the north, wet in the south and dry in the north", while the wine producing areas at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in northwest Ningxia are mainly dry and hot, with a large temperature difference throughout the year. The northerly wind prevails in the winter half year, which is the frontier of Mongolian high pressure, and the temperature is dry and cold. In the second half of the year, there is plenty of sunshine, abundant heat, large temperature difference between day and night, perennial drought and little rain, and grapes are free from diseases. Yellow River irrigation is also very convenient, which is very suitable for the growth of wine grapes.

1. temperature temperature

The annual average temperature in Ningxia shows an upward trend from south to north, and the effective accumulated temperature (≧ 10℃) in the grape growing season in the producing area is 1450- 1850 days. In August of grape discoloration period, the average daily temperature in the producing area is above 20℃. In the late stage of fruit development (July-65438+1October), the temperature difference between day and night is large (1 1- 15℃), which is beneficial to the accumulation of glucose, aroma and phenols.

2. Precipitation accuracy

Generally speaking, the production area at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia is dry and lacks rainfall, and the annual rainfall in Shizuishan, Yinchuan and Qingtongxia areas is less than 200mm, which is beneficial to inhibit the occurrence of pests and diseases. Although Hongsibao has a little more rainfall, it has the highest average altitude, large evaporation, drought and strong wind, which is conducive to the organic cultivation of wine grapes.

Ningxia production area belongs to the same winter with rain and heat, and the rainfall is concentrated in late summer. After the end of August, the main wine grape varieties gradually matured. At this time, the rainfall at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia decreased sharply, and the vineyards also reduced irrigation to avoid diluting the flavor substances in wine grapes. There is a negative correlation between the rainfall during grape ripening and the quality of grapes, so the fruit of wine grapes at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia is rich and firm.

glistening

Grape likes light, and its growth depends on the photosynthesis of leaves. The production area at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia is about 1200m above sea level, with strong solar radiation and long sunshine time all year round, so grapes can fully carry out photosynthesis. The frost-free period is long, and the wine grape has enough growth period, which can adapt to the cultivation of most wine grape varieties, make the fruit mature slowly and accumulate flavor substances.