There is a strange phenomenon that children are usually criticized for telling lies, but writing lies in their compositions is allowed. The teacher knew that what he said in the composition was a lie, but he accepted it gladly and gave high marks.
This is tantamount to cultivating and encouraging students to lie. The famous scholar Morrow has a saying: The attitude you speak is the attitude towards life. If your words are false, then your attitude towards life is also false.
In other words, telling the truth or lying in the composition is also a question of being a man. "Chinese Curriculum Standard" also clearly stipulates that writing a composition should be * * * words, and you can't lie.
What reason does our teacher have to violate it? I can't. Can't a child write a good composition without lying? Of course not.
Most of the responsibility for this lies with the teacher. I am deeply moved here.
Case: On 2011February, the third "Contemporary Education" Yi Yifeng Cup Primary School Students' Composition Competition in Guizhou Province won the second prize, and Lei Ziyun's composition "Children without Mothers" in Class 2, Grade 4. I read the editorial board's revision and the judges' teacher's summary.
I am deeply touched, with mixed feelings. In order to guide success and keep improving, I added my "age" to the composition guidance.
The full text is 2000 words. A child without a mother is like a grass.
The editorial department changed the title to Children Without Mothers. The opening paragraph: "Only mothers are good in the world. A child without a mother is like a grass. Where can I find happiness without my mother's arms? " ! -hearing that touching song, my thoughts are full: I am the child who lost his mother, and I am the lonely grass! How I wish I were the baby in my mother's arms! The editorial board shortened the opening paragraph to one sentence: I am a child without a mother, how I wish to be the baby in my mother's arms! The middle paragraph 1800 words is a draft written by Lei Ziyun in three days. The case is true, vivid and touching.
The layout and structural arrangement of writing ideas are all done by teachers. The teacher revised the wording and repeatedly cut, combined and adjusted it according to the materials.
Ending paragraph: There is a song that is really well written! "This is the call of the soul, this is the dedication of love, this is the spring breeze on the earth, this is the source of life! Ah! As long as everyone gives a little love, the flowers of happiness will bloom everywhere and the world will become a beautiful world! " Although I lack maternal love, I think there is love everywhere in the world! "There is only one good mother in the world, and a child without a mother is like a grass. Where can I find happiness without my mother's arms? Solitary grass has become a treasure under the care of the world, and happiness cannot be enjoyed! " The editorial board also deleted the last paragraph as one sentence: I am a child without a mother, but I have grandparents and younger brothers. How concise are the three major deletions made by the editorial board teacher! I have benefited a lot.
In order to improve the structure, I repeatedly revised the words and phrases, adopted the writing method of beginning and end echo, and impressed the judges with the beginning and end of the song, which made them become so adult and produced more empty words, cliches and lies. Although the editorial board didn't make any changes to the middle part, the fourth-grade students couldn't complete the layout adjustment of such a long masterpiece.
It really took me a lot of thought, and there were fewer original things. Some words, phrases and sentences are my tutor's strengths and weaknesses.
Through the composition guidance of primary school students this time, I remembered a famous saying: "Simplify the Sanqiu tree and introduce new February flowers." The true meaning and truth.
Teacher Lin Shengqing, a judge of Contemporary Education, also had a written talk with the composition instructor of this competition in the book: "More childlike interest, less mature" ... It is certainly a good thing to win the prize, but it may not be a good thing if it does not reflect the true level of students. To be honest, I have reservations about some articles obtained in this essay contest.
Why? Because, in those articles, I seldom see childlike innocence and read childlike interest. Many articles are marked by adults, and the structure and writing are too mature and almost perfect.
This caused me to think, are our primary school students really capable of being familiar with structure, writing, theme and expression? Are students' feelings about society and life really that profound? I arbitrarily think that this is impossible. Even the students with the best grades in the sixth grade should not pay attention to the social level.
..... I say this not to deny the winning composition, but to remind our Chinese teachers not to impose their thoughts and feelings on students, not to let students write about people and things far away from their lives, and not to give writing guidance instead of students. The composition of primary school students is true.
If you lose the truth, you lose the childlike innocence. Just think, if the compositions of eleven or twelve-year-old pupils are all big themes, big structures and big narratives, are they still called primary school compositions? Many entries are not childlike, but mature.
This has become a very bad style of writing and study. Teachers are responsible for this phenomenon in competition composition.
If our teachers were not so utilitarian, they wouldn't encourage others. You can gain fame and fortune for a while, but in the end, it is the students who suffer.
So I am firmly opposed to that way of composition guidance. From those essays that have the phenomenon of pulling out seedlings to encourage others, I feel that the problem is very serious, and it is time for us to reflect.
..... "Teacher Lin's words are so reasonable that I have benefited a lot. Many of our tutors are doing some wrong things to encourage others to get quick success and instant benefit.
In fact, as a tutor, our hearts are the clearest: how can we achieve an excellent composition without the careful guidance and repeated revision of the tutor? How can the manuscript enter the competition? Does it seem that the teacher is not working hard enough? You have to do this! In fact, pruning and polishing are also appropriate, but it is best to consider how to retain the original flavor. What kind of composition is the real composition of primary school students? It should be an article with childlike innocence and interest. Even if the expression is not very accurate and there are some minor flaws, it reflects the real study life of students, and that is a good composition.
How to judge the "good" and "bad" composition of primary school students is naturally a matter of opinion. Here, I want to illustrate my point with a classic example in art teaching.
The example is the teacher.
2. How to write an excellent speculative composition It has become a common phenomenon for primary school students to lie in their compositions.
There is a strange phenomenon that children are usually criticized for telling lies, but writing lies in their compositions is allowed. The teacher knew that what he said in the composition was a lie, but he accepted it gladly and gave high marks.
This is tantamount to cultivating and encouraging students to lie. The famous scholar Morrow has a saying: The attitude you speak is the attitude towards life. If your words are false, then your attitude towards life is also false.
In other words, telling the truth or lying in the composition is also a question of being a man. "Chinese Curriculum Standard" also clearly stipulates that writing a composition should be * * * words, and you can't lie.
What reason does our teacher have to violate it? I can't. Can't a child write a good composition without lying? Of course not.
Most of the responsibility for this lies with the teacher. I am deeply moved here.
Case: On 2011February, the third "Contemporary Education" Yi Yifeng Cup Primary School Students' Composition Competition in Guizhou Province won the second prize, and Lei Ziyun's composition "Children without Mothers" in Class 2, Grade 4. I read the editorial board's revision and the judges' teacher's summary.
I am deeply touched, with mixed feelings. In order to guide success and keep improving, I added my "age" to the composition guidance.
The full text is 2000 words. A child without a mother is like a grass.
The editorial department changed the title to Children Without Mothers. The opening paragraph: "Only mothers are good in the world. A child without a mother is like a grass. Where can I find happiness without my mother's arms? " ! -hearing that touching song, my thoughts are full: I am the child who lost his mother, and I am the lonely grass! How I wish I were the baby in my mother's arms! The editorial board shortened the opening paragraph to one sentence: I am a child without a mother, how I wish to be the baby in my mother's arms! The middle paragraph 1800 words is a draft written by Lei Ziyun in three days. The case is true, vivid and touching.
The layout and structural arrangement of writing ideas are all done by teachers. The teacher revised the wording and repeatedly cut, combined and adjusted it according to the materials.
Ending paragraph: There is a song that is really well written! "This is the call of the soul, this is the dedication of love, this is the spring breeze on the earth, this is the source of life! Ah! As long as everyone gives a little love, the flowers of happiness will bloom everywhere and the world will become a beautiful world! " Although I lack maternal love, I think there is love everywhere in the world! "There is only one good mother in the world, and a child without a mother is like a grass. Where can I find happiness without my mother's arms? Solitary grass has become a treasure under the care of the world, and happiness cannot be enjoyed! " The editorial board also deleted the last paragraph as one sentence: I am a child without a mother, but I have grandparents and younger brothers. How concise are the three major deletions made by the editorial board teacher! I have benefited a lot.
In order to improve the structure, I repeatedly revised the words and phrases, adopted the writing method of beginning and end echo, and impressed the judges with the beginning and end of the song, which made them become so adult and produced more empty words, cliches and lies. Although the editorial board didn't make any changes to the middle part, the fourth-grade students couldn't complete the layout adjustment of such a long masterpiece.
It really took me a lot of thought, and there were fewer original things. Some words, phrases and sentences are my tutor's strengths and weaknesses.
Through the composition guidance of primary school students this time, I remembered a famous saying: "Simplify the Sanqiu tree and introduce new February flowers." The true meaning and truth.
Teacher Lin Shengqing, a judge of Contemporary Education, also had a written talk with the composition instructor of this competition in the book: "More childlike interest, less mature" ... It is certainly a good thing to win the prize, but it may not be a good thing if it does not reflect the true level of students. To be honest, I have reservations about some articles obtained in this essay contest.
Why? Because, in those articles, I seldom see childlike innocence and read childlike interest. Many articles are marked by adults, and the structure and writing are too mature and almost perfect.
This caused me to think, are our primary school students really capable of being familiar with structure, writing, theme and expression? Are students' feelings about society and life really that profound? I arbitrarily think that this is impossible. Even the students with the best grades in the sixth grade should not pay attention to the social level.
..... I say this not to deny the winning composition, but to remind our Chinese teachers not to impose their thoughts and feelings on students, not to let students write about people and things far away from their lives, and not to give writing guidance instead of students. The composition of primary school students is true.
If you lose the truth, you lose the childlike innocence. Just think, if the compositions of eleven or twelve-year-old pupils are all big themes, big structures and big narratives, are they still called primary school compositions? Many entries are not childlike, but mature.
This has become a very bad style of writing and study. Teachers are responsible for this phenomenon in competition composition.
If our teachers were not so utilitarian, they wouldn't encourage others. You can gain fame and fortune for a while, but in the end, it is the students who suffer.
So I am firmly opposed to that way of composition guidance. From those essays that have the phenomenon of pulling out seedlings to encourage others, I feel that the problem is very serious, and it is time for us to reflect.
..... "Teacher Lin's words are so reasonable that I have benefited a lot. Many of our tutors are doing some wrong things to encourage others to get quick success and instant benefit.
In fact, as a tutor, our hearts are the clearest: how can we achieve an excellent composition without the careful guidance and repeated revision of the tutor? How can the manuscript enter the competition? Does it seem that the teacher is not working hard enough? You have to do this! In fact, pruning and polishing are also appropriate, but it is best to consider how to retain the original flavor. What kind of composition is the real composition of primary school students? It should be an article with childlike innocence and interest. Even if the expression is not very accurate and there are some minor flaws, it reflects the real study life of students, and that is a good composition.
How to judge the "good" and "bad" composition of primary school students is naturally a matter of opinion. Here, I want to illustrate my point with a classic example in art teaching.
The example is the teacher.
3. How to improve students' critical thinking ability in history class under the background of new curriculum reform needs to give full play to students' main role and teachers' leading role, which requires us to actively cultivate students' critical thinking ability in history.
However, in the actual history teaching process, we often encounter such a situation: students always think in a certain way of thinking, and the conclusions are often one-sided or even wrong. So how can we solve this problem? By learning from the experience of other excellent teachers and their own exploration, we can draw the following immature methods: 1, the cultivation of general historical thinking ability, which is mainly through the analysis and induction of the causes and effects of some typical historical activities and the characteristics of their development process, and get some regular understanding.
For example, the economic base determines the superstructure to analyze the relationship between economy and politics. 2, a good and efficient classroom, so that students can participate more and show their ideas and practices.
Through group discussion and personal presentation, more students (especially some introverted and withdrawn people) are allowed to participate in the efficient classroom, and those who have the ability to take the lead. As long as the poor can show themselves, everyone will participate, cultivate students' awareness of active participation and highlight students' dominant position. In addition, you can make your thoughts clearer and your views clearer through debate or argumentation.
We often have arguments or debates between groups. How to make students ask questions and how to solve the problems they encounter in the process of self-study can also improve their critical thinking ability.
3. Research on the cultivation of writing ability of historical notes and historical essays. This paper mainly studies how to guide students to read historical books (such as general history, dynastic history, history of laws and regulations, historical theory) and some historical romances and historical novels, as well as how to write reading experience and judge historical romances, historical novels, historical figures and historical events.
Or lead students to write small historical papers to cultivate their critical thinking ability, guide students to use historical materialism and historical dialectics, judge the right and wrong of historical things and real things according to their own scientific standards, and write small historical papers, which can better cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems. This is the cultivation of historical critical thinking ability. First, design some topics, such as why the outbreak of the Opium War is inevitable? Let students try to write; With a certain foundation, we can provide some materials for students to analyze and write, which is actually a process of students' independent learning, self-awareness and self-creation.
These are another main way to cultivate and learn historical thinking ability. 4. Of course, teachers' questioning in class is also an important way to cultivate students' historical thinking ability.
It is mainly about how to make students question and how to solve the problems that students encounter in the process of self-study. Of course, this is also based on the careful preparation of teachers.
In a word, students should learn history and cultivate their historical thinking ability in the process of learning history. I really don't want to hear their criticism of middle school teaching after I have worked hard to send students to college. I really feel responsible.
4. What is speculative composition? The so-called speculative writing is thinking and distinguishing. We should look at the problem comprehensively and analyze it in two aspects; In writing, "debate" should be embodied by "debate"
In recent years, college entrance examination compositions are basically topic compositions. The proposition of college entrance examination composition is quite speculative. It is difficult to write this kind of speculative composition questions well without certain thinking ability and ideological and cultural accumulation. How to improve students' critical thinking ability in composition?
Method 1: from the shallow to the deep, improve the quality of thinking. Many candidates are not completely ignorant when writing speculative compositions, but lack the depth of thinking. When we analyze a problem, we often draw a conclusion only by seeing the superficial phenomenon, without analyzing the causal relationship inside things. We only know what it is, but we don't know why, which makes the intention of the article stay on "what it is", but ignores the in-depth exploration of "why" and lacks speculation. This is a common problem in the composition of ordinary candidates.
For example, the composition topic of the Shanghai volume: write an article on the topic of "Busy". Some candidates will only list the phenomena: in China today, especially in Shanghai where "one year is the same, three years are different", everyone is very busy! As for the candidates themselves, they are busy studying and reviewing day and night; As for the leaders of various countries, enterprises and businessmen in market competition, experts and professors in academic research, as well as soldiers, police, workers and farmers, they are all busy. Obviously, there is a lack of in-depth rational thinking, but one liberal arts candidate did a good job and gave people a "sober agent": the article directly expressed his views on "busy" with the proposition of "how to do it". The author is not simply denying "busy", but "helpless". This understanding reflects the common psychological contradiction of people today: not being busy, but being busy and losing a lot. Valuably, while spreading the phenomenon of "busyness", the author deeply reflected on the spiritual food needed for human growth, euphemistically criticized the loss of Chinese traditional culture and morality, and expressed his infinite yearning for the beautiful realm needed for human spiritual purification. The full text makes good use of short sentences and whole sentences, and the reasoning is thorough and powerful; Narrating all the way with prose style is natural and changeable, rational and poetic, which gives people awakening and thinking.
Method 2: From here to there, open Lenovo's "window".
Association is to understand and grasp the connotation and characteristics of the topic from the requirements of the composition topic. After reading the proposition, candidates may wish to think about what examples in real life are similar to the facts mentioned in the proposition. If you can give two or three typical examples quickly and accurately, the first step will be done. Of course, in order to avoid similarity but dissimilarity, we can decompose the content of the topic materials. Points are similar to points, and the whole is harmonious. Candidates should pay attention to the fact that similar materials cannot be selected from a single angle, but should be related from multiple angles to expand the coverage of materials and make quantitative preparations for revealing the essence of the problem.
For example, when a classmate wrote an article on "Fish", he remembered the story of Prime Minister Lu eating fish in the Spring and Autumn Period: Gong liked to eat fish, but people refused to give him fish on the grounds that he wanted to accommodate others, bending the law, which eventually led to his dismissal and even lost the opportunity to eat fish himself. Therefore, in connection with social reality, use the story of GongSunYi to warn those in power not to be greedy for "fish" and fall into the water, but to be strict with yourself like GongSunYi in order to buy "fish" for a long time. From here to there, we should establish such a mechanism: do what we should do and not send "fish"; Don't do things you shouldn't do, not even send fish.
The third method: bring forth the old and bring forth the new, and think from another angle: "I only take one scoop of water in three thousand years." The speculative relationship of the same topic is varied. Speculative composition can also be conceived in reverse thinking. The so-called reverse speculation is to let thinking form the opposite, explore from the opposite direction of the problem, and produce new understanding. As the saying goes, "articles are the most taboo to echo others", which requires candidates to break away from the mindset, change their thinking angle, find another way and write articles with personality.
We can satirize the beauty of the well-known "plastic flower". If you consider from the reverse thinking, you can also praise its simplicity and cheapness; Although it is not as famous as peony and narcissus, it has entered thousands of households with its own color, beautifying people's lives.
5. How to write a direct speculative composition 1? The characteristics of the essay questions of speculative new materials: For the topics discussed in the examination materials, the examination materials often contain or provide two or more viewpoints at the end.
These views are generally juxtaposed in structure and unified in connotation. From the opposite of contradiction, speculative new material components can be divided into two categories-1. Binary contradiction.
The so-called binary contradiction refers to the topics discussed in the examination materials, which often contain or provide two opposing viewpoints at the end. For example, the first part of the 20 15 Zhejiang examination materials agrees that the article is consistent with the characters, and the second part thinks that the article is not necessarily consistent with the characters. The two views are juxtaposed and compared.
2. Multiple contradictions. The so-called multiple contradictions refer to the topics discussed in the examination materials, which often contain or provide multiple opinions at the end. These views are either juxtaposed, contrasted or complementary.
For example, in the discussion of rules in the first volume of the 20 14 national new curriculum standard, the test materials have no obvious emotional tendency, only saying: "This practice has triggered a fierce debate among the audience, athletes and referees. After that, the relevant debate continued. "
Talking about points does not indicate writing tendency, which makes the test questions full of openness in speculation. Thinking about new material composition is not only a high-frequency proposition type in the national new curriculum standard test paper, but also a high-frequency proposition type in other provinces (cities).
Whether it is binary contradiction or multiple contradiction, there are generally three ways to write it. Benchmarking gold topic (20 17 simulation) Read the following materials and write an article of not less than 800 words as required.
Looking at today's China, the Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft is perfectly docked with Tiangong-2, Mozi, the world's first quantum science experimental satellite, is launched, the pure China gene "Africa Tianlu" is completed and opened to traffic, and the unmanned submersible Haidu successfully dives 10,000 meters ... On the road of development, we are never afraid, and we have created one miracle after another with extraordinary courage. In the face of these miracles, we are less and less afraid of nature, justice and conscience ... requirements: choose the right angle, determine the concept, have a clear style, and draw up your own topic; Don't be divorced from the content and meaning of the material.
6. How to guide students to write speculative argumentative essays;
Guiding students to write speculative argumentative essays is an important task in composition teaching this semester. In view of the problems existing in our composition teaching in the past, we should try our best to avoid simple and empty concept preaching and stylized formalism format guidance. Therefore, at this time, we need to take time to sit together and discuss teaching methods calmly. It is suggested that the teachers of undergraduate groups in each school discuss the common proposition types (relational, comparative and conditional) in speculative argumentative papers with the "sample questions" provided by us:
(1) What are the speculative features of this kind of composition proposition? What are the ways for students to develop effective thinking? (2) If we use the "Argumentative Teaching Design Template" provided by us last semester to design the teaching plan, how should we design it?
7. How to write a direct speculative composition 1? Problem summary
The characteristics of essay questions with speculative new materials: the question type often contains or provides two or more viewpoints at the end of the topic discussed in the examination materials. These views are generally juxtaposed in structure and unified in connotation.
From the opposite point of view of contradiction, speculative new material components can be divided into two categories-
1. Binary contradiction. The so-called binary contradiction refers to the topics discussed in the examination materials, which often contain or provide two opposing viewpoints at the end. For example, the first part of the 20 15 Zhejiang examination materials agrees that the article is consistent with the characters, and the second part thinks that the article is not necessarily consistent with the characters. The two views are juxtaposed and compared.
2. Multiple contradictions. The so-called multiple contradictions refer to the topics discussed in the examination materials, which often contain or provide multiple opinions at the end. These views are either juxtaposed, contrasted or complementary. For example, in the discussion of rules in the first volume of the 20 14 national new curriculum standard, the test materials have no obvious emotional tendency, only saying: "This practice has triggered a fierce debate among the audience, athletes and referees. After that, the relevant debate continued. " Talking about points does not indicate writing tendency, which makes the test questions full of openness in speculation.
Thinking about new material composition is not only a high-frequency proposition type in the national new curriculum standard test paper, but also a high-frequency proposition type in other provinces (cities). Whether it is binary contradiction or multiple contradiction, there are generally three ways to write it.
Benchmark gold topic
(20 17 simulation) read the following materials and write an article of not less than 800 words as required.
Looking at today's China, the Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft is perfectly docked with Tiangong-2, Mozi, the world's first quantum science experimental satellite, is launched, the pure China gene "Africa Tianlu" is completed and opened to traffic, and the unmanned submersible Haidu successfully dives 10,000 meters ... On the road of development, we are never afraid, and we have created one miracle after another with extraordinary courage. Facing these miracles, we are less and less afraid of nature, justice and conscience. ...
Requirements: select the right angle, define the concept, define the style and draw up the title; Don't be divorced from the content and meaning of the material.
8. How to guide students to write critical argumentative essays Teacher: Guiding students to write critical argumentative essays is an important task of composition teaching this semester.
In view of the problems existing in our composition teaching in the past, we should try our best to avoid simple and empty concept preaching and stylized formalism format guidance. Therefore, at this time, we need to take time to sit together and discuss teaching methods calmly.
It is suggested that the teachers of undergraduate groups in each school discuss the common types of propositions (relational, comparative and conditional) in speculative argumentative essays in combination with the "sample questions" provided by us: (1) What are the speculative characteristics of such composition propositions? What are the ways for students to develop effective thinking? (2) If we use the "Argumentative Teaching Design Template" provided by us last semester to design the teaching plan, how should we design it? .