The Importance of Historical View Education in Chinese Classic Reading Teaching in Primary Schools
Abstract: In today's primary school teaching, it has become a trend for Chinese studies to enter the classroom. While teachers understand and are familiar with classics, it is necessary to infiltrate students' view of history. Teachers should form a clear sense of history education to make China's classic reading more meaningful.
[Keywords:] Primary school students; Reading classics of Chinese studies; conception of history
[Author Brief Introduction] Yuan Ying (1987-), female, born in Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, undergraduate, teacher of a school in Daqing High-tech Zone, Heilongjiang Province, with primary school education.
? Look, we should learn from the past now, and we can't do anything without the past. ? Sinology is an all-encompassing subject, and everything can be integrated in one way. A moral principle can be used not only for self-cultivation, but also for governing the country, and it can also be used to deal with the relationship between people and everything in the world, which is very practical. Now primary and secondary schools all over the country are playing? China characteristic education? Brand, let classic Chinese education enter the classroom. 20 14 it is clearly mentioned in the main points of the Ministry of education:? Ensure that the first-year students of compulsory education use the new textbooks of moral education, Chinese and history in the fall semester of 20 14. ? In this way, the content of China's excellent traditional culture will account for more than 50% in primary education, and Chinese classics such as the Four Books and Five Classics will re-enter students' textbooks. For the school, teachers have a certain quality of Chinese studies, and the school has an atmosphere of learning Chinese studies, which is the most basic requirement. With conditions, we can have a preliminary foundation for carrying out Chinese studies education. But, since ancient times? Regardless of literature and history? Classic reading is inextricably linked with the history of China. Under different social and historical backgrounds, the sages used words or eulogies, lashed, recorded or fantasized, leaving us with rich emotional reappearance and warning words handed down from generation to generation. As a teacher, in the face of the classic textbooks of Chinese studies, the first thing I see is the words, and then I think of the meaning behind the words. Then I began to prepare lessons carefully and make courseware. However, doing these steps does not mean that you are accomplished, nor does it mean that you have completely completed the preparation process of a Chinese studies class. Teachers should not neglect to guide the formation of students' historical view.
The view of history is a fundamental and general view of social history and an integral part of the world outlook. Promoting the formation of children's correct view of history is an important link that can not be ignored in the process of Chinese reading teaching. Judging from the age of pupils, they lack the ability to extract historical background from classical literature. Therefore, teachers need to consult more materials in the teaching process and choose the parts that students can easily accept to infiltrate. While teaching the knowledge of Chinese studies, showing the background of the writing with vivid and inspiring historical facts can make students feel the feelings stirred in the hearts of the ancients thousands of years ago with the rhythm of the writing.
Taking Li Yu's teaching of Wu Ye Style in the fifth volume of Guo Yun Shuxiang, a Chinese learning textbook in our school (Daqing High-tech Zone School), as an example, the teacher first arranged for students to consult the information of Li Yu, the author of the word, and at the same time, the teacher also looked through the information, grasped several important turning points and examples in Li Yu's life, and collected his ci works in different periods. After making full preparations before class, at the beginning of class, the teacher asked the students to appreciate another poem by Li Yu, Young Beauty? When is the spring flower and autumn moon? Then ask:? What kind of feelings does Li Yu express in this poem? Can you find a sentence between the lines to summarize Li Yu's mood at this time, so that students can accurately grasp it after reading it? Worried? This word stands out. At this point, the teacher continued to ask questions: As the emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty, why did Li Yu have such melancholy thoughts? In your opinion, what kind of feelings should the emperor have? The students spoke enthusiastically and reported their collected information about Li Yu's life in their own language. After listening to other students' speeches, the students improved their understanding of Li Yu. The teachers presented the courseware in time and presented Li Yu's extraordinary life to the students simply and completely. A brief introduction of an author explains the historical background of the establishment of the Song Dynasty at the end of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and even explains Li Yu's fate from pride to frustration, until he was imprisoned and finally died of ci, which makes emotional preparations for students to read ci. After solving the historical and character background, the teacher will lead the students to read Crying at Night. At this time, it is easy for students to enter the state, and naturally they will feel deep regret and sorrow in the text, and the students' reading voice will be low. Especially reading? Cochineal tears, stay drunk, when heavy. Naturally, people hate water when they grow up. Seeing the students frowning slightly and shaking their heads gently, the author knows that this lesson not only teaches students to appreciate the rhythmic beauty of words, but also allows them to master the ups and downs of words in their hearts, and also allows them to get an important life revelation after reading this word-to do what they should do well and not leave artificial regrets in life.
Different from other subjects, the classroom of Chinese studies needs the guidance and explanation of teachers. In the process of teaching China's classic works, teachers should use fascinating language and questions to guide students to think actively and be willing to read actively. Classroom is a platform for interaction between teachers and students, because students of different grades are in different cognitive stages, and the angles and emphases of guiding students into history should be different. Teachers should design their own classroom language from the surface to the deep. For example, when I explain Disciple Rules to the first-year students, I like to use colorful historical stories to understand the text, considering that the students are young. Filial piety? Part, the author spoke alone? Wenminziqian left her stepmother Wang Xiang and lay on the ice begging for carp? Help students understand the story? It's warm in winter. What about summer? Hate me, filial piety is diligent, and strength is a tool? . The three main characters in the story have made great achievements in history as adults, and their fame has spread far and wide. The students listened with rapt attention and expressed their desire to learn from the sages and be filial to their parents. When explaining "Kindness for Farmers (Two Poems)" to the second grade students, the students asked with a puzzled face. Since the farmland is bumper, why do farmers starve to death? The author explained the exploitation and oppression of ordinary people by the ruling class in ancient feudal society to the students in a simple way. Hearing this, the students were shocked and felt sorry for the farmer's uncle at that time. If students are not given a thorough explanation of the historical background, I am afraid this problem will last for many years. Should students simply recite or let them fully understand? The author chooses the latter. The Song Ci part of the third grade textbook has successively included four poems of Li Qingzhao, which is a true portrayal of Li Qingzhao's three different stages of life. Students read the words first, and then the author asks questions. Whether these four words have the same style or not, students will soon find that the style of words has changed from bright to dark. Starting with the change of ci style, the author tells the life track of Li Qingzhao, and the students suddenly realize it after listening. ? Literature is human studies? ,? I write my heart? Li Qingzhao closely linked a person's separation with the rise and fall of the country. After listening to such a class, students not only read four words, but also understood why. Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world? . The Song Ci part of the fourth grade textbook ―― Qin Guan's Walking on the Beach? Chenzhou Hotel tells the story of a literati's painful feeling of being banished to the south. In teaching, we should briefly explain the background of Qin Guan's being demoted one after another because of the struggle between the old and new parties, so that students can understand Qin Guan's bitterness and resentment more easily. The fifth grade textbook includes Lu You's Feeling of Going out of the Hedge Door to Meet the Cold in Autumn Night. Before preparing lessons, the author thought of another poem by Lu You-Xiuer. Students know this poem very well, and every student knows Lu You's hope? Wang Shibeiding? On that day, ten years before Lu You died, what were people expecting? Julian Waghann? What about yours? What kind of mood is it? The author guides the students to go back from the scene of "showing the child" for more than ten years and read "Autumn Night Fence Gate Dawn". Students think through familiar poems and understand new poems on the basis of known knowledge points and historical background. Although the teacher didn't explain too much, the students still grasped the eyes of the poem accurately. The teaching of advanced Chinese studies should be released in time to guide students' thinking with similar works in order to achieve better teaching results.
By reading China's classics, teachers should not only let students accumulate and export them to recitation, but also let students sail in the long river of China's history. The classics of ancient sages can not only teach future generations benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith, but also let future generations learn from history and face the future.
In a word, our traditional Chinese education should enlighten students' view of history in the teaching process, and make obscure ancient Chinese become three-dimensional and vivid. Let students love the history and culture of the motherland for 5,000 years, which is the higher goal of all Chinese studies educators and the important significance of Chinese studies entering the classroom.
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