Catalogue of Selected New Knowledge of Attack and Defense of Nephropathy

First, the general knowledge of glomerular diseases

1. Kidney and renal function

2. The occurrence process of the disease

3. The cause of the disease

4. Diagnostic methods of diseases

Second, the same manifestations of glomerular diseases.

1. Common symptoms

2. Hematuria

3. Proteinuria

Three. Glomerular diseases related to autoimmunity

What is autoimmune disease?

2. Lupus erythematosus

3. Pulmonary hemorrhagic nephritis syndrome

Four. Infection-related glomerular diseases

1. Glomerulonephritis after streptococcal infection

2. Bacterial endocarditis

3. AIDS

Verb (abbreviation for verb) hereditary glomerular disease

Six, sclerosing glomerular disease

1. Diabetic nephropathy

2. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Seven, IgA nephropathy

1.The main manifestations of IgA nephropathy

2. The occurrence and course of 2.IgA nephropathy

3. Pathological features of 3.IgA nephropathy

4. Diagnosis of 4.IgA nephropathy

5. Do I have to have a kidney puncture?

6. Can 6.IgA nephropathy be relieved by itself?

7. Life after kidney transplantation

8. What are the related factors that cause IgA nephropathy?

9. How many people have IgA nephropathy?

Other manifestations of 10. Hereditary nephropathy

11.Treatment of IgA nephropathy

12. Diet of patients with IgA nephropathy

13. Suggestions on the life of patients with IgA nephropathy

14. Can a woman with IgA nephropathy get pregnant?

15. Will children with IgA nephropathy also get this disease?

Eight, two similar manifestations of glomerular disease.

1. Membrane nephropathy

2. Mild pathological nephropathy

Nine, hypertension and kidney

1. Blood pressure and hypertension

2. How to measure blood pressure

3. Mobile blood pressure monitoring

4. Can hypertension be asymptomatic?

5. How does hypertension harm the kidneys?

6. Prevent high blood pressure from damaging the kidneys.

7. Diet of patients with hypertension

8. borderline hypertension

9. White coat hypertension syndrome

Adult nephrotic syndrome

1. The occurrence of nephrotic syndrome

2. Diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome

3. Treatment of nephrotic syndrome

XI。 Nephrotic syndrome in children

1. About nephrotic syndrome

2. Diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome in children

3. Types of nephrotic syndrome in children

Twelve, lupus nephritis

1. What is lupus nephritis?

2. What are the symptoms of lupus nephritis?

3. How to diagnose lupus nephritis?

4. How to treat lupus nephritis

Thirteen. kidney stone

1. What is kidney calculi?

2. kidney calculi-prone factors.

3. Symptoms of kidney calculi

4. Types of kidney calculi

5. What happened in kidney calculi?

6. The reasons for the formation of kidney calculi

7. kidney calculi's diagnosis

8. Complications of kidney calculi

9. Prevention and control in kidney calculi

10. Prevent the recurrence of kidney calculi.

1 1. Tracking

Fourteen, diabetes

1. What is diabetes?

2. Three kinds of urinary diseases

3. What is the effect of diabetes on health?

4. How to check blood sugar

5. The manifestations of hypoglycemia

6. How should diabetics live in order to live a healthy life?

7. Hyperglycemia is not good, why is hypoglycemia not good?

8. Health problems that diabetes may cause.

Fifteen, diabetic nephropathy

1. Incidence of diabetic nephropathy

2. Pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

3. How to diagnose diabetic nephropathy

4. Prevention of diabetic nephropathy

Sixteen, important tips for diabetic nephropathy

1. Drugs that cannot be used by patients with diabetic nephropathy

2. Special warning contrast agent is not suitable for use.

3. Factors prone to contrast-induced nephropathy

4. Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy

5. The latest news: Erythromycin can improve the kidney injury of diabetes.

Seventeen, urinary tract infection

1. Overview

2. The ins and outs of urinary tract infection

3. What if I need to see a doctor?

4. The process of diagnosis and treatment

5. Treatment of urinary tract infection

6. Recurrence of urinary tract infection.

7. Prevention and treatment of urinary tract infection

Eighteen, adult pyelonephritis

1. What is pyelonephritis?

2. Possible causes of the disease

3. Symptoms of pyelonephritis

4. Complications of pyelonephritis

5. Diagnosis of pyelonephritis

6. Treatment of pyelonephritis

Nineteen. interstitial nephritis

1. What is interstitial nephritis?

2. The occurrence of interstitial nephritis.

3. How to diagnose interstitial nephritis?

4. How to treat interstitial nephritis?

Twenty, vesicoureteral reflux

1. What is vesicoureteral reflux?

2. Causes of occurrence

3. The performance of reflux

It's time to see a doctor.

5. Examination and diagnosis

6. Prevention and control

Twenty-one, cystic nephropathy

1. Polycystic kidney

2. Simple renal cyst

3. The relationship between polycystic kidney and multiple renal cysts

Henoch-Schonlein purpura and Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis

1. The manifestations of allergic purpura

2. How to treat allergic purpura and henoch-schonlein purpura nephritis?

23, hemolytic uremic syndrome

1. What is hemolytic uremic syndrome?

2. The onset of hemolytic uremic syndrome.

3. Symptoms of hemolytic uremic syndrome

4. Treatment of hemolytic uremic syndrome

5. Rules to be observed in prevention

Twenty-four, prostate diseases

1. Benign prostatic hypertrophy

2. prostatitis

Twenty-five, hyperparathyroidism

1. The formation of hyperparathyroidism

2. The manifestations of hyperparathyroidism

3. Diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism

4. Treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism

Twenty-six, renal failure and end-stage renal disease

1. Acute renal failure

2. Chronic renal failure

3. End stage renal failure

4. Main points

5. Choice of treatment methods

6. Hemodialysis

7. Peritoneal dialysis

8. Diet of dialysis patients

9. Questions and answers about dialysis

10. Evaluate the adequacy of dialysis

1 1. Kidney transplantation

12. Stop treatment

Twenty-seven, how to take a urine sample?

1. "First urine in the morning" is correct?

2. Collection method of morning urine

3. Collect urine for 24 hours

Twenty-eight, renal biopsy (renal biopsy)

1. What is a renal biopsy?

2. The necessity of renal biopsy

3. Preparation before renal biopsy

4. Kidney biopsy method

5. Renal biopsy results

6. After renal biopsy

7. The danger of renal biopsy (complications) and prevention tips

Twenty-nine, prevention and treatment of kidney diseases, we must use drugs with caution.

1. People prone to over-the-counter drug problems

2. Tips for children taking over-the-counter drugs

3. Medication problems of pregnant women

4. Medication problems of lactating women

5. What should the elderly pay attention to when taking drugs?

Learn about kidney disease in a book

The publication of this paper hopes to improve people's understanding of renal protection, increase people's further understanding of renal diseases, diagnose them early, and actively prevent and reduce their harm.

Brief introduction of the author

Zhang Jian, male, born in 1960, doctor of nephrology, West China University of Medical Sciences, chief physician, professor and postgraduate tutor. 1983 graduated from the Medical Department of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. After graduation, I have been engaged in clinical work in the Department of Nephrology with rich clinical experience. He studied at Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences and Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, mainly engaged in research on anti-tubulointerstitial fibrosis and prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. At present, he is the director of Nephrology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the director of urology, the editorial board member of China Journal of Nephrology with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the international exchange nephrology expert selected by state administration of traditional chinese medicine, the vice chairman of Henan Nephrology Professional Committee, the evaluation expert of National New Drug Evaluation Committee, the medical malpractice evaluation expert of Henan Province and the chief consultation expert of Zhengzhou Nephrology. He has rich experience in the diagnosis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome, renal transplantation nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy and acute and chronic renal failure. Published more than 50 professional papers. At present, it undertakes the national natural fund project 1, Henan natural fund project 1 and scientific and technological key project 1.

Wang Guangce, male, Mongolian, 196 1 born, director of renal transplantation department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, chief physician, professor, master tutor, and vice chairman of Henan Organ Transplantation Professional Committee. 1983 graduated from the medical department of Henan Medical University, and worked in the urology department of the 460th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (formerly Air Force Zhengzhou Hospital) and the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. He is good at the diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases, has been engaged in renal transplantation for more than 20 years, has more than 65,438+0,000 cases of renal transplantation operation management experience, has deep research on the basic theory and clinical practice of renal transplantation, and has accumulated rich clinical experience in kidney harvesting, transplantation, postoperative management and complications treatment. Won the Military Science and Technology Achievement Award 10, and published more than 20 academic papers.

catalogue

Anatomical structure and physiological function of kidney

1 What are the normal parts and structural features of human kidney?

What are the histological features of the kidney?

What are the physiological functions of the kidney?

What is the role of kidney in water, electrolyte and acid-base balance?

What are the normal parts and structural features of ureter?

What are the structural characteristics of the bladder?

What are the structural characteristics of urethra?

How is the urination process innervated by nerves?

Examination methods of renal diseases

1 What are the abnormal signals of nephropathy?

2 What are the commonly used renal function examination methods?

Why is urine routine examination important for patients with kidney disease?

What is the significance of measuring the relative density of urine?

5 why do you want to check the urine protein quantification?

What is the significance of measuring β2 microglobulin in hematuria?

What is the clinical significance of detecting complement C3 in hematuria?

What kidney diseases can ultrasound detect?

9 Which kidney diseases should be biopsied?

Common clinical manifestations of renal occult.

1 What is edema? Does edema predict kidney disease?

2 What is the difference between renal edema and edema caused by other reasons?

3 What is renal hypertension? What are the characteristics?

Is there foam in the urine suffering from nephropathy?

5 is urine turbid suffering from kidney disease?

What color is normal urine? Is yellow urine "getting angry"

Is there protein in the urine suffering from kidney disease?

8 Is urine red necessarily hematuria? Isn't it hematuria if the urine color is not red?

9 What are oliguria and anuria? How to classify

10 Is the frequency of urination normal at night? Is there anything wrong with the kidney?

Is low back pain the main symptom of kidney disease?

12 what causes frequent urination, urgency and pain?

Primary glomerular disease

dropsical nephritis

1 What is nephrotic syndrome?

What are the pathological types of primary nephrotic syndrome? Are they all treated the same?

3 What are the glucocorticoids for treating nephrotic syndrome? What is the difference?

What are the commonly used cytotoxic drugs for nephrotic syndrome?

Cytotoxic drugs sound "toxic". What are the adverse reactions? How should it be avoided?

6 What are the commonly used immunosuppressants? What are the side effects?

7 Why do patients with nephrotic syndrome need anticoagulant therapy?

8 What are the commonly used anticoagulants? What's the difference between them?

9 Nephrotic syndrome edema is diuresis or non-diuresis

10 when should plasma or albumin be infused for nephrotic syndrome?

Why does 1 1 nephrotic syndrome cause pulmonary embolism?

12 how to adjust diet for patients with nephrotic syndrome

13 how to prevent recurrence after remission in patients with nephrotic syndrome

14 what is refractory nephrotic syndrome? Is it really difficult to treat?

(B) C 1q nephropathy

1 what is C 1q nephropathy?

How to diagnose and treat 2 C 1q nephropathy?

(3) Glomerulus is huge and rare.

1 What is giant glomerulonephritis?

2 How to diagnose and treat giant and rare glomerular diseases?

(D) IgA nephropathy

1 The doctor diagnosed the patient as IgA nephropathy, but why didn't the patient have any symptoms?

How does IgA nephropathy happen?

How to distinguish IgA nephropathy from acute glomerulonephritis after infection

4 IgA nephropathy and henoch-schonlein purpura nephritis have the same pathological manifestations. How to distinguish these two diseases?

Both Xiao Wang and Xiao Li suffer from IgA nephropathy. Why are they treated differently?

(5) occult nephritis

1 What is occult nephritis? What are the characteristics of urine test?

Does asymptomatic hematuria mean occult nephritis?

3 How to distinguish occult nephritis from chronic nephritis

4 How to treat occult nephritis? What is the prognosis?

secondary glomerular disease

(1) lupus nephritis

1 What is lupus nephritis? What are the clinical manifestations?

Is renal biopsy necessary for lupus nephritis? Is there any other way to replace renal biopsy?

How do patients with lupus nephritis know whether their condition is active or inactive?

What is the therapeutic goal of lupus nephritis?

Does lupus nephritis still need hormone shock treatment?

What should be paid attention to in the treatment of lupus nephritis patients after remission?

What precautions do patients with lupus nephritis have in their daily lives?

(2) Vasculitic renal damage

1 What is vasculitis? Why is there kidney damage?

2 How to treat renal damage caused by vasculitis

What is the prognosis of renal damage caused by vasculitis?

(3) Purpura nephritis

What is 1 henoch-schonlein purpura nephritis? What are the clinical manifestations?

2 How to treat purpura nephritis

What is the prognosis of henoch-schonlein purpura nephritis?

What should patients with henoch-schonlein purpura nephritis pay attention to in their daily life?

diabetic nephropathy

1 What is diabetic nephropathy?

Why do some people have diabetic nephropathy and some people don't?

Diabetic nephropathy can be divided into several stages.

How to treat diabetic nephropathy with diet?

5 What aspects should patients with diabetic nephropathy pay attention to when using insulin?

6 How to choose antihypertensive drugs when diabetic nephropathy is complicated with hypertension

7 When diabetic nephropathy has renal insufficiency, when is it appropriate to start hemodialysis?

(v) Renal amyloidosis

1 What is renal amyloidosis?

What are the treatment methods of renal amyloidosis? What is the prognosis?

(VI) Hepatitis B related nephritis

What is hepatitis B associated nephritis?

(VII) Tumor-associated nephropathy

1 what is tumor-associated nephropathy

2 How to treat tumor-associated nephropathy?

(VIII) Obesity-related nephropathy

1 Can obesity lead to kidney disease?

2 How to treat obesity-related nephropathy?

……

Renal vascular disease

interstitial nephritis

Drug-induced renal damage

lithangiuria

urinary tract infection

Hereditary nephropathy

Senile nephropathy

Acute renal injury

Chronic kidney disease

peritoneal dialysis

haemodialysis

renal transplantation