Part I: Metaphor.

1, look (rain), like ox hair, like flower needles, like filaments, densely woven diagonally, and there is a thin layer of smoke on the roof. (The first volume of the seventh grade "Spring" Zhu Ziqing)

You see, the dwarf pine on the mountain is getting darker and darker, and there is a bun of white flowers on the top of the tree, like a Japanese wet nurse.

3. The sky is also extremely bright blue, with only a few gauze-like light clouds, spreading out in the air, just like a girl, wearing a beautiful blue summer dress, but with a thin and light white scarf around her neck. (seventh grade "Haiyan" Volume II Zheng Zhenduo)

Giraffe is a giant, always "far-sighted", but after running for two days, the road is still endless. (The first volume of the seventh grade "Camel Treasure Hunt" Chen Bochui)

On the cliff north of the Yangtze River, there are two stones hanging, one like cow liver and the other like horse lung. (Sister Liu, the first volume of Eight Grade Three Gorges in Badong)

6. Listen carefully, and the underwater sounds overlap, like crying, like mysterious and distant Jiangnan silk and bamboo, wrapped in all kinds of tenderness, hovering from the ground. ("Zhouzhuang Eighth Grade" Volume I Zhao)

7. The monitor is a short man with a knife wound on his left cheek, which is curved like a crescent moon. ("Iron Cavalry", the eighth grade, Volume II, Yang Shuo)

8. A Japanese officer grimaced and made a gesture. With the sound of machine guns, bullets rained down on the crowd (The first volume of the eighth grade "Nanjing Massacre")

The second part: personification

9. Everything looks like I just woke up, and I opened my eyes with joy. (The first volume of the seventh grade "Spring" Zhu Ziqing)

10, just a little light snow, Jinan can't stand heavy snow, those hills are too delicate. (The first volume of the seventh grade "Winter in Jinan" Lao She)

1 1, and it shows an arrogance in its voice, gait and eating. (The seventh grade "White Goose" Feng Zikai Volume II)

12, after a rush of footsteps, the night army has occupied all the streets. ("Into new york", the first volume of Liu Chengzhang's eighth grade)

13, you will always be a ruthless building/squatting on the barren top of the mountain/coldly looking at human grievances (Xi Murong, the second volume of the eighth grade, the Great Wall Ballad)

14, you blew the fragrance of cloves to me/This is the real, real breath of spring (Shao Yanxiang, eighth grade, vol. 2).

15, the gunfire cried and cried, and the devastated Nanjing gave a cry of pain. (The first volume of the eighth grade "Nanjing Massacre")

Part III: Parallelism

16, in the wind, her face is so dark, her hands are so rough, her eyes are so dim, but she stood there so tall and straight, so firm, as if eager, as if waiting. ("Deep in the Alley", the first volume of the seventh grade, lin li)

17, I actually remember, I still remember the muddy mountain road when I came, I still remember the coolness of running barefoot across the slate, I still remember the heavy wooden door bolt at home, and the alley we walked together, the deep alley. ("Deep in the Alley", the first volume of the seventh grade, lin li)

18, the reason why people are poor, the reason why they don't live long, the reason why they are inconvenient to move, and why ... because people don't have tails. (The first volume of the seventh grade, "If Humans Have Tails", Kans Biller)

19, if I were a bird, I should also sing with a hoarse throat; This land hit by the storm, this river that always surges with our grief and indignation, this angry wind that blows endlessly, and the incomparably gentle dawn from the forest ... (I love this land)

20. I sing for boys and girls. I sing about the morning, I sing about hope, I sing about things that belong to the future, and I sing about the power of growth. (I sing for boys and girls, the second volume of the seventh grade, He Qifang)

2 1, which is as blue as the ocean and purer than the ocean; It is as blue as the sky and darker than the sky. The blue of Qinghai Lake is pure, profound and elegant. (The first volume of the eighth grade, Qinghai Lake Dream Lake, Feng Junli)

22. A person's ability varies greatly, but as long as he has this spirit, he is a noble person, a pure person, a moral person, and a person who is free from low tastes and beneficial to the people. (In memory of Bethune, the first volume of the eighth grade, Mao Zedong)

23. With more than 40 years of bullying, the misery of countless slaves, a coffin with four dollars and several bundles of straw, a few feet of land for burying the coffin, and the ashes of paper money in one hand, she left in tears. (Eighth grade "Dayan River-My Nanny" Volume II Ai Qing)

24, our comrades in times of difficulty, to see the results, to see the light, to improve our courage. ("Serving the People" Mao Zedong Grade 8 Volume II)

25. Panicked citizens, shopkeepers with gold bars tied to their belts, ragged coolies, and wives of Kuomintang officers who have been abandoned by their husbands and kept cursing. The uglier you are, the less noticed you are. (The first volume of the eighth grade "Nanjing Massacre")

Part IV: Duality.

26. Dragon Style, Cai Qing, Ji Long. (The first volume of the seventh grade, Yi Du, Bing Xin)

27, Huaguoshan blessed land, water curtain cave Cave. (the Monkey King, seventh grade, Volume I, Wu Cheng'en)

28, staggered, black and white. ("Zhouzhuang Eighth Grade" Volume I Zhao)

29, the river of no return, the deceased is like this. (The first volume of the eighth grade "Nanjing Massacre")

Part V: Exaggeration

30. This is the most beautiful piece in the world, the rarest and most precious piece (Book II of the eighth grade of "Huaiye", Ji Xian).

3 1 and 15 these two nights, I saw thousands of China people tied together in a long queue on the road in front of the daily newspaper in Dafang Lane, winding and endless. (The first volume of the eighth grade "Nanjing Massacre")

Part six: rhetorical question

32. Doesn't this mean a bumper harvest of bamboo and bamboo shoots here? (The seventh grade "People in the Deep Bamboo Forest" Volume I Yellow)

33. Have you ever seen such transparent and white teeth anywhere else? (seventh grade "Pomegranate" Volume II Guo Moruo)

34. Are they swallows in our hometown? (seventh grade "Haiyan" Volume II Zheng Zhenduo)

I have never experienced such intoxicating beauty. I even wonder if this is a continuation of that dream. (The first volume of the eighth grade, Qinghai Lake Dream Lake, Feng Junli)

36. Since this bitterness is born of responsibility, wouldn't it be forever if I shirked my responsibility? (The first volume of the eighth grade, "The Most Bitter and the Most Happy", Liang Qichao)

37. Is it a crime to try to overthrow the slavery imposed on us women by your men? (susan anthony, eighth grade book II, Joanna Strong, Tom B Leonard)

Part VII: Puns.

38. Farewell to Great Britain. (The first volume of the eighth grade "Farewell to Britannia", Zhou Xing)

39. Half a century later, the mighty Yangtze River is still rushing forward. (The first volume of the eighth grade "Nanjing Massacre")

Stylistic illustration

Narration: Reciting, my first literary attempt, "Coming events cast their shadows before them".

Argumentative essay: Representative essay: Commemorating Bethune, talking about language, coming through thick and thin, lazy people are wise.

Prose: Representative texts: Remembering My Mother, Deep in the Alley, My Teacher, Courage, Pomegranate, Haiyan, White Goose, Hequn, Spring in Jinan, Winter, People in the Deep Bamboo Forest, Woods and Grassland, Back, Forever Regret and susan anthony.

Character exchange: Deng Jiaxian, the founding father of two bombs, and Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice, are looking for Shi Chuanxiang.

Novels: Empty City Plan, the Monkey King, Heart, Rudi Thai Boxing Beating the Town of Kansai, Jin Fan Zhongju, Election Storm, Sammy and White Crane.

Poetry: I love this land, homesickness, I sing for boys and girls, paper boats, Dayan River-my nanny, a long-walled ballad, a locust leaf, facing the air, woodcutter, don't cut that tree.

Dramas: Sunrise (Excerpt), Imperial Envoy (Excerpt), Put Down Your Whip.

Illustrations: Suzhou Gardens, Bridges Prospect, Intercontinental Missiles Self-report, Rare Animals-echidna, Why Flowers Are So Red, Rainforest Destruction-World Disaster, Ocean as the Granary of the Future, Scientific Random Thoughts at the Turn of the Century.

Fairy tales and fables: turtles, songs of streams, genetic imagination, if humans have tails, camel treasure hunting, dust under carpets, giants and children, crickets in Times Square.

Biographies: Autobiography of Lu Xun, Mao Zedong's boyhood, The Thousand Balls and Young Einstein.

News: Beijing won the right to host the 2008 Olympic Games, bid farewell to Great Britain, the boat of life.

Speech: serve the people, have the spirit of learning, I have a dream, you are your captain.

Reportage: Nanjing Massacre, A Bing 1950, Battle of Waterloo.

Travel Notes: Three Gorges in Badong, Yunshui in Zhouzhuang, Qinghai Lake and Dream Lake, entering new york.

Common sense of literature

classical literature

(A) the Spring and Autumn Period

China's first collection of poems, The Book of Songs, was edited by Confucius. It is divided into three parts: wind, elegance and praise, and uses the methods of fu, comparison and xing. Cut tan, write new books

The Analects of Confucius recorded the speech and behavior of Confucius and his disciples, and was compiled by Confucius' disciples. Confucius (55 BC1~ 479), born in Lu, was a thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Analects of Confucius: Six Poems: Sitting and Grabbing.

Zuo Zhuan is China's first detailed chronicle, which records the political, military and diplomatic events of various countries in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is said that it was written by Zuo Qiuming. Cao Gui debate

(2) The Warring States Period

Zhuangzi is a Taoist work written by Zhuang Zhou and his disciples. My skills in solving cattle

Mencius recorded Mencius' words and deeds, which was written by Mencius and his disciples. Mencius (about 372 ~ 289 BC), a famous jade son, is one of the representatives of Confucianism. Qi Huan Stone, I want fish, and I met Mencius.

Xunzi was written by Xun Kuang, a thinker and educator in the Warring States Period. Persuasive learning

Han Fei and later generations' Han Feizi is a work of legalists. Han Fei, a student of Xunzi. Bian Que Meets Cai Huangong, Naoko Doubts Neighborhood and Wu Zhu.

Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals was edited by a master of the Qin Dynasty. The representative works of miscellaneous schools mainly focus on Confucianism and Taoism, absorbing the thoughts of Mohism and Legalism. Tea Gold and Tea River

Liezi is said to have been written by Lieyukou during the Warring States Period. Yugong Yishan

"The Warring States Policy" records the lobbyist strategies of various countries during the Warring States period, and the author can't test it. It was compiled by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, with 33 articles. Tang Ju lived up to his mission, Zou Ji satirized the King of Qi, visited and stabbed the King of Qin by Jing Ke.

The works of Qu Yuan and Song Yu collected by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, ** 17. Qu Yuan (340 ~ 278 BC) was a romantic patriotic poet in Chu, and Li Sao was his masterpiece. Related to rivers

(3) Han Dynasty

Jia Yi was a politician and writer in the Western Han Dynasty. Guo Qin Lun, Lun Ji Shu and Huai Nan Zi edited by Liu An and his disciples in the Western Han Dynasty are miscellaneous works. old frontiersman losing his horse—a blessing in disguise

Historical Records is the first biographical general history of China, which records the political, economic and cultural history from the Yellow Emperor to the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for 3,000 years. Author Sima Qian (about 145 ~? Years), the word zichang, an outstanding historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty, inherited his father's business and served as an official. Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, Hongmen Banquet, Biographies of Qu Yuan, and Xinlingjun stole the symbol to save Zhao.

Han Shu is a biographical history book written by Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, but it has not been completed. Died in prison, and was completed by Ban Zhao and Ban Biao. Su Wu.

Peacock Flying Southeast is the earliest existing long narrative poem in China, which was produced at the end of the Han Dynasty and first appeared in the New Ode to Yutai compiled by Chen Xuling in the Southern Dynasties. Peacock flies southeast (4) Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Cao Cao (155 ~ 220), also known as Meng De, was a politician, strategist and poet. Short songs, watching the sea, although turtles are longevity.

Zhuge Liang (18 1 ~ 234), statesman and strategist. Teacher model

Cao Zhi (192 ~ 232), Zi Zijian, poet, the third son of Cao Cao. Seven step poem

Searching for God is a note novel written by Gan Bao, a historian and writer in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Ganjiang Mo Xie

Tao Yuanming (365 ~ 427), a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, has a distinctive personality (once said, the word is hidden and the word is deep), and his poems are 120, including more than 20 pastoral poems, which has opened up a new realm of five-character poems. Peach Blossom Garden, looking back, words come again, returning to the garden, drinking.

Notes on Water Classics by Li Daoyuan, a geographer and essayist in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Water Mirror is an ancient book about Chinese rivers and waterways annotated by Li Daoyuan. the Three Gorges

The History of the Later Han Dynasty written by Ye Fan, a historian of the Southern Dynasties, is also called "Three History" with Historical Records and Hanshu. Zhang Hengchuan.

Qiu Chi was a litterateur during the Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties. Chen Bozhi's book.

Mulan Poetry is the most outstanding work of Yuefu folk songs in the Northern Dynasties, and it is a folk narrative poem. Mulan Poem

Wu Jun, a native of Southern Dynasties. A letter to Zhu

(5) Tang Dynasty

Four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty:, Yang Jiong, Lu,,. Wang Bo's Send Du Shaofu to Ren Shuchuan

The poet Wang Zhihuan is most famous for singing frontier poems. Liangzhou Ci and Deng Quelou Meng Haoran are good at pastoral poetry and are called "Wang Meng" with Wang Wei. "Spring Dawn" and "Crossing the Old Village"

Wang Changling, who is good at four verses, mainly writes frontier fortress poems and palace resentment poems. Break up with Xinjian at Furong Inn.

Wang Wei, whose name is Mo, was once an official and was called after his death. His poems are characterized by the integration of poetry, painting and pleasure. Hunting, birds singing in the stream, sending Yuan Ershi to Anxi.

Li Bai (70 1 ~ 762), a famous Taibai, is an outstanding romantic poet. His poems are rich in imagination, unrestrained in emotion, magnificent in image and vivid in language. He is good at Yuefu quatrains, and many of them have become eternal masterpieces. There are nearly a thousand poems.

In the dead of night, I bid farewell to my friends. I went to the North Building of Xie Tiao in Xuancheng in Autumn, overlooking Tianmen Mountain and Qiupu Song. It is difficult to go to the dream with Tianmu Mountain.

Du fu (7 12 ~ 770), with beautiful words, is an outstanding realistic poet. He was Yuan Wailang from the Ministry of Industry, and was later called "Du Gongbu". His poems have sincere feelings, profound thoughts, deep artistic conception and accurate language, with more than 400 poems/kloc-0. Both sides of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army, and they searched for flowers by the river alone. When they met Li Guinian, they went down the river, and officials from Shihao, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, autumn wind broke the thatched cottage, and military vehicles paved the road.

Bai Juyi (772 ~ 846), the word Letian, was a Buddhist in Xiangshan, a realistic poet in the late Tang Dynasty. His poems profoundly reflect the reality and people's sufferings, and are full of emotions, popular languages and tastes. There are nearly 3000 poems. Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake, Memories of Jiangnan, Selling Charcoal Weng and Pipa Tour (Parallel Sequence)

Han Yu (768 ~ 824), formerly known as Han Changli, was a famous writer and educator. Actively advocated the ancient prose movement, restored the ancient simple style of writing, and left a large number of literary and emotional articles. Ma Shuo, World Theory and Yuan Ruin

Liu Zongyuan (773 ~ 8 19) was born in Xiezhou, Hedong. Actively advocated the movement of ancient Chinese prose, and wrote a large number of excellent essays, travel notes, fables, poems and other works. The story of Xiaoshitang, the story of children's area, the theory of snake catcher.

Du Mu, Mu Zhi, Fan Chuan. Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin. Jiang Nanchun's quatrains and Epang Palace Fu

Cen Can, a poet, is one of the representatives of frontier fortress poems. A song of snow sent Tian Shuji Wu home.

Liu Yuxi, whose name is Meng De, is the author of Liu Meng's Collected Works. Inscription in humble room

Cui Hao is a famous poet. (6) Yellow Crane Tower in Song Dynasty

Fan Zhongyan (989 ~ 1052), born in Wenqian, was a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Author of Fan Wenzheng's public collection. Yueyang Tower

Ouyang Xiu (1007 ~ 1072), whose real name is Yong Shu, is an alcoholic, a laity on June 1st, and a posthumous title Wenzhong. He was a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in prose, poetry, compilation of historical biography and poetry criticism. Zuiweng Pavilion and Biography of Lingguan

Su Xun's name is Mingyun, and he is from Lao Quan. His works are mainly about history and political theory. He and his sons, Su Shi and Su Zhe, are also called "Three Soviets" and have written Cargill and Six Kingdoms.

Su Shi (1037 ~11year), named Dongpo lay man, was a politician, writer and literary leader in the Northern Song Dynasty, with great achievements in poetry, ci and prose. Advocate the movement of poetry innovation. He is the author of Complete Works of Dongpo and Dongpo Forest. Joy yarn, Niannujiao