Building a well-off society that benefits more than one billion people in an all-round way is the grand goal set by the Party and an important strategic measure to promote the all-round development of China's economy and society. Over the past few years, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as the general secretary has United and led the people of all ethnic groups in China, vigorously promoted reform and opening up, constantly solved outstanding contradictions and problems encountered in the process of progress, worked hard and strived for progress steadily, and made gratifying achievements in the journey of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Scientific Outlook on Development should be fully implemented. Now I want to improve the scientific quality of the whole people, build an innovative country and contribute to a well-off society in an all-round way. I should have the following three aspects:

First, building an innovative country is an inevitable requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way.

Science and technology are the primary productive forces, the concentrated expression and main symbol of advanced productive forces, and the fundamental driving force for the progress of human civilization. The four main goals of building a well-off society in an all-round way are closely related to the development of science and technology. Optimizing industrial structure, improving economic benefits and enhancing comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness must rely on scientific and technological progress; Perfecting socialist democracy, perfecting socialist legal system and promoting scientific and democratic decision-making require that the majority of leading cadres must adhere to the scientific spirit and attitude of seeking truth from facts and master basic scientific methods and rich scientific and technological knowledge; Improving the ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality and health quality of the whole nation requires us to strengthen the popularization of science and technology, strive to form a learning society with lifelong learning for all and promote people's all-round development; Improving the ecological environment, improving the efficiency of resource utilization and promoting the harmonious coexistence between man and nature must also be based on the full development and extensive utilization of science and technology. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the international situation and domestic economic and social development, we find that the increasingly fierce international competition in science and technology, the increasingly serious monopoly of intellectual property rights and the increasingly severe constraints on energy resources pose a severe challenge to the goal of achieving a well-off society in an all-round way. We have reached a historical stage where we must rely more on enhancing the ability of independent innovation and improving the quality of workers to promote economic development.

Judging from the international situation, since the end of World War II, many countries in the world have explored the development path of industrialization and modernization from different starting points. Some oil-rich countries in the Middle East mainly rely on natural resources to obtain wealth, while some countries in Latin America mainly rely on the capital, market and technology of developed countries to develop industrialization. More than 20 major developed countries, such as the United States and Japan, regard scientific and technological innovation as their basic development strategy, gain outstanding competitive advantages in the world market and become internationally recognized innovative countries. The proportion of R&D investment in GDP in these countries is generally above 2%, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to the economy is above 70%, the dependence on foreign technology is mostly below 30%, and the total share of invention patents owned by the three parties is around 97%. In order to strengthen their competitive position in the market and highlight their competitive advantages, they attach great importance to promoting enterprises to develop patented technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and form their own brands and standards on this basis, so as to make enterprises with brand-name products, advanced technologies and independent intellectual property rights bigger and stronger and develop them into multinational companies with international competitiveness. Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, consolidating the monopoly position of multinational enterprises and maintaining the excessive monopoly profits behind intellectual property rights have become powerful weapons for western developed countries to strengthen their own strength and curb competitors. In the international market, it is difficult to introduce not only key technologies related to national defense security, but also cutting-edge technologies related to leading industries and equipment manufacturing. Facts have repeatedly proved that the real core technology can't be bought. To achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we must rely on our own strength to establish an independent innovation technology development system and promote the leap-forward development of industrial technology.

From the perspective of domestic economic and social development, since the reform and opening up, China's economy has maintained a steady and rapid growth of more than 9% per year for 26 consecutive years, and has made great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention. Some foreign scholars even use "Beijing knowledge" to summarize the successful experience of China's reform and development. At the same time, we should also see that China is still a developing country. Although the economic aggregate is large, the per capita income level is low and resources are very poor. There are still some prominent contradictions and problems in economic and social development. Generally speaking, the situation that China's economic growth depends heavily on high capital investment, high resource consumption, imported technology and some core key technologies are controlled by people has not fundamentally changed. According to estimates, at present, China's technology dependence on foreign countries is as high as 50%, more than 60% of equipment investment depends on imports, and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is only about 39%. Because we don't master the core technology, we have to pay 20% of the price of each domestic mobile phone, 30% of the price of computers and 20 ~ 40% of the price of CNC machine tools to foreign patent holders. Research shows that to achieve the goal of quadrupling GDP, the investment rate must reach a very high level of 52%, which is much higher than the level of about 20% in developed countries such as the United States, France and Germany. If the investment rate remains at the current high level of 40% and the goal of quadrupling GDP is achieved, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress must be increased by 20 percentage points on the basis of the current level, reaching more than 60%. This requires us to further increase R&D investment, greatly improve our independent innovation capability, strive to master the core technologies and key technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and promote the strategic transformation of economic growth from resource-driven and capital-driven to innovation-driven, which has become the top priority of economic development at this stage. The Outline of the National Medium-and Long-term Scientific and Technological Development Plan clearly states that by 2020, China will enter the ranks of innovative countries, making China's economic and social development mainly rely on scientific and technological progress, and strive to embark on a road of independent innovation with China characteristics. This is also the reason.

The key to building an innovative country is to cultivate innovative talents and improve the scientific quality of the whole people. The key to improve independent innovation ability is original innovation, integrated innovation and introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation. We should emphasize two points: first, unswervingly shift our foothold from over-reliance on foreign technology to relying mainly on independent innovation, distinguish different industrial fields, adopt different innovation methods, strive to master core technologies, have independent intellectual property rights, break the monopoly of foreign technologies, and fundamentally get rid of the passive situation that key technologies are subject to people; Second, while continuing to do a good job in basic research and enhance the original innovation ability, it is necessary to greatly enhance the independent innovation ability of enterprises as the top priority and put it in a more prominent position. Innovation means doing things that no one has done before. Enterprises should have the determination and courage to surpass predecessors and others, and rely on independent innovation to occupy a place in the world market. Only in this way can we ensure the sustained, stable and rapid growth of the national economy with less resource consumption. It is gratifying that a number of enterprises that have achieved remarkable results by relying on independent innovation have emerged in China. Shanghai Zhenhua Port Machinery Company has independently developed more than 20 world-leading technologies and new products, accounting for more than 50% of the world market share of port large container machinery industry. Guangdong Gree Electric Company launches more than 100 new products with independent intellectual property rights every year, and has won more than 600 patents at home and abroad, including more than 40 international patents, with an annual output of more than100,000 air conditioners, making it a veritable "king of air conditioners" in the world. Their success fully shows that China enterprises can completely rely on their own technical strength to go abroad and explore their own world in the world market.

Second, cultivating a large number of innovative talents is the key to building an innovative country.

The prosperity of a country depends on gaining people. The key to enhancing independent innovation ability, building an innovative country and building a well-off society in an all-round way lies in talents. This requires us to change the concept of resource development, from focusing on developing natural resources to focusing on developing human resources. Historically, the relationship between man and nature has experienced a tortuous course from reverence for nature to understanding, using, "conquering" and transforming nature, and then returning to harmonious coexistence between man and nature and seeking sustainable development. In this process, people realize more and more clearly that natural resources are limited, while human intellectual resources are infinite. Numerous facts have proved that human resources are the first resource that will never be exhausted, the source of power for economic growth and the stamina for economic development. In the history of world economic development, there are many cases in which enterprises are revived and rejuvenated because of the correct use of talents, such as Yakoka of Chrysler and Guo Shina of IBM. An executive of McKinsey & Company, a world-famous management consulting company, once said: "In the environment of knowledge economy, talents play the most important role. He who gets talent gets the world. " The boss of Apple in the United States also publicly claimed that "in the past, I thought that an excellent person could top two mediocre employees, but now I think I can top fifty." It can be seen that the investment in human resources is a strategic investment, and the return rate of this investment is very high.

It is precisely because human resources are a kind of strategic resources that the competition around scientific and technological knowledge and innovative scientific and technological talents has increasingly become the focus of international competition, and the search for the best and brightest talents has evolved into a protracted and extremely fierce global battle. The competition of comprehensive national strength is, in the final analysis, the competition of talents. The core of the competition between technology and intellectual property rights is the competition for human intelligence resources and the competition for scientific and technological talents as the carrier of human intelligence resources. Whoever has the talent advantage will have the competitive advantage. The more professionals with good quality, high level and outstanding professional achievements, the higher the frequency of international mobility and the fiercer the competition between countries. At present, developed countries have generally increased their efforts to search, attract and utilize talents on a global scale, making the shortage of talents in developing countries more prominent. Statistics show that 17000 science and technology professionals directly settle in the United States every year, 168000 science and technology talents go to work in the United States on temporary visas of H- 1B, 183000 foreign students enter American universities, and 43000 exchange scholars go to the United States for research visits, with more than 40% of the world. In contrast, developing countries are in an extremely disadvantageous position in the global talent competition. A large number of scientific and technological talents who have received higher education in their own countries continue to flow into developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan, becoming a net drain country of scientific and technological human resources. Take China as an example. 1978-2003 Among the 700,200 people who went abroad to study, the return rate was less than 30%, and the brain drain was quite serious, which must be highly valued.

The global talent competition requires us to cultivate, attract, retain and make good use of talents with an international vision, create a good institutional mechanism and social environment, and let potential innovative talents stand out and give full play to various undertakings of the party and the country. At present, we are facing outstanding problems in cultivating innovative talents. First, some scientific and technological personnel lack the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" and "manned space flight", stick to the traditional concept of "being a teacher for one day and being a father for life", and can't really achieve "I love my teacher, I love the truth more", break through the predecessors and keep making progress. Second, a large number of high-level researchers are concentrated in universities and research institutes, and enterprises are extremely short of qualified engineering and technical personnel, especially high-level engineers. According to our investigation, 67% of China's scientific and technological workers are concentrated in institutions, 17.3% are in state-owned enterprises and collectively-owned enterprises, and nearly 16% are working in foreign-funded enterprises and private non-enterprise units. Such structural defects directly affect the gathering of innovative talents and the improvement of independent innovation ability of enterprises. Third, mass scientific and technological innovation activities are not deep enough. The fruitful activities such as small inventions, small creations, small innovations and small suggestions in China also lost their charm in many places yesterday. The mass base for the cultivation and growth of innovative talents needs to be improved urgently. We must take practical and effective measures to truly establish the idea that human resources are the first resource and the most important strategic resource, strengthen the capacity building of human resources, change concepts, improve mechanisms, strengthen foundations, promote China's transformation from a populous country to a powerful country in human resources, and provide extensive intellectual support for building a well-off society in an all-round way.

Innovation is multi-level, including original innovation carried out by scientific research institutes, technological innovation carried out by enterprises and innovation activities of workers and peasants. Innovative talents are also multifaceted, and they are hidden in all fields and levels of society. Only countries that carry out all-round innovation activities in the whole society, widely participate in many innovative talents and make full use of innovation achievements are truly innovative countries. Without a large number of high-quality innovative talents with all-round development, building an innovative country is empty talk. At present, efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of innovative talents at three levels. First, strengthen the construction of professional and technical personnel and accelerate the cultivation of innovative scientific and technological talents, especially innovative leading talents with young and middle-aged people as the main body. Statistics show that at present, China's human resources only account for about 5.7% of the total human resources, while high-level talents only account for about 5.5% of the total human resources. Even in high-level talent resources, top talents who can grasp the world's scientific frontier and make major scientific and technological innovations are extremely scarce. Second, strengthen the construction of party and government talents and enterprise management talents, promote the emergence of more modern entrepreneurs like Haier Zhang Ruimin, Huawei Ren, Chery Yin and Geely Li Shufu, who dare to challenge the world's leading enterprises and closely link their fate with national development, and launch more China brands in the world market. The third is to strengthen the construction of high-skilled talents and rural practical talents, and train a large number of workers, experts and local talents for modernization. With such an innovative talent team with considerable scale and reasonable structure, we can build an innovative country and realize the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and there will be a strong talent guarantee.