Cubism has the characteristics of advocating not imitating objective objects, attaching importance to artistic self-expression, and analyzing, reconstructing and comprehensively processing specific objects. The influence of this idea on graphic design is manifested in the analysis and combination of layout composition and the exploration of rational laws. Futurism clearly put forward the opposition to rigorous and formal typesetting, that is, the arrangement has no center, no primary and secondary, confusion, different fonts and unconstrained arrangement. Exploring the expression of time, space and mechanical aesthetics has become the symbol of fashion design. Dadaism emphasizes self and irrationality in artistic concept, showing strong nihilistic characteristics, randomness, contingency, absurdity and disorder. Their revolutionary bold attempts and breakthroughs in layout editing had a great influence on designers at that time and later. Surrealism uses realistic methods to describe and combine absurd dreams or illusory illusions, and its application of illustrations and novel artistic features are creative in inspiring and shocking human thoughts and spiritual fields.