Since 1980s, with the in-depth study of Koguryo history by China scholars, China historians have realized this serious historical misjudgment. In order to correct this mistake, China historians have published a large number of historical monographs on Koguryo. Such as Liu Zimin's Study on Koguryo History, Geng Tiehua's History of Koguryo in China, Ma Dazheng's Series of Ancient Koguryo History in China, Continuation of Koguryo History in China, and Yang Jun's Formation and Evolution of Koguryo Nation and Country.
In the history circle of China, the historical viewpoint that "Koguryo is a kingdom established by ancient peoples in the northeast of China, which is different from the Wangs' Koryo on the Korean Peninsula (established in 9 18) in all aspects except its name" has become a * * * knowledge. However, Korean scholars do not agree with this. Most Korean historians believe that Koguryo belongs to their own history and has nothing to do with China. They believe that Koguryo people created their own unique civilization and once established a great empire on an equal footing with ancient China. His masterpieces include Xu Bingguo's History of Koguryo Empire and Shen's History of Koguryo.
Because Korean scholars have some difficulties in interpreting ancient historical materials written entirely in Chinese. Therefore, the communication between China and South Korea in the study of Koguryo history is also difficult. The main problem of Korean and Korean historians is the tendency to misinterpret historical materials for our use. In ancient history books, the historical materials that can show Goguryeo's "independence" are highlighted, while the historical materials that can show Goguryeo's political, cultural and economic ties with the Central Plains are intentionally ignored. It should be pointed out that this phenomenon is not isolated, but common among Korean peninsula historians. The main problem of China scholars in the study of Koguryo history is "ivory tower doctrine". Satisfied with the achievements made in a small circle, they have no motivation and willingness to actively show the latest research results of Koguryo history to the public, so that many unreasonable historical understandings about Koguryo have not been clarified in a wider scope, leading to mistakes in the historical understanding of ordinary people.
The differences between China and South Korea in their understanding of Koguryo history exist objectively. We shouldn't ask either side to give in to others. On the contrary, we should strengthen communication when the truth is becoming clearer and clearer, so as to strive for an early settlement of this academic disagreement. This problem can only be solved through academic exchanges, but not through other channels.
To investigate the history of Koguryo, we must know the formation time of the countries and nations on the Korean Peninsula. China scholars believe that the earliest country on the Korean peninsula was Ji's Korea, which was formed in 1 1 century BC, while South Korean and Korean scholars believe that the earliest country on the Korean peninsula was Korea, which was formed from 3 1 century BC to the 24th century BC. Korean scholars pushed this time to 3018th century BC according to the human bones unearthed from the mausoleum.
In fact, due to the falsity of the mythical "Dangun" as a historical research method, it is difficult for Korean and Korean historians to establish their views. We will explain the specific reasons in the explanation of the word "when rolling". Most scholars in China believe that Korea with the surname of Ji and Korea with the surname of Wei are the earliest countries on the Korean Peninsula, and these two ancient countries belong to the feudal nature of ancient China. In the recently published book History of East Asia, some China scholars also believe that Kiji Korea, Weishi Korea and Chen Guo, which existed on the Korean peninsula before Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, are not countries in the true sense, and are closer to the system of urban fall alliance. Baekje and Silla on the peninsula and its neighboring Koguryo are the earliest countries in this region (both around the 2nd and 3rd centuries).
Although Koguryo had a king long after the establishment of the political power, this king, in the early days, was similar to the king of Fuyu people who were ready to be ousted or even killed, and was not a real national monarch. According to the records in the History of the Three Kingdoms, Koguryo in the Western Han Dynasty belonged to a tribe in Koguryo County, Xuantu County, Han Dynasty, where Koguryo became famous (Biography of the Three Kingdoms Volume 30 Koguryo). As a local official in China, Koguryo received different levels of official uniforms from Xuantu County. The official title "main book" of Koguryo regime is the title of county-level officials in China, which also proves that Koguryo regime exists as a local government in China and is a grass-roots administrative organization in the northeast of China in Han Dynasty. Koguryo Temple is a "spiritual star" because the Western Han government implemented "Ling Xing Temple in the county" (as recorded in historical records. Amenorrhea) fully embodies its nature as a grassroots organization. At that time, Koguryo was far from the real country.
After Wei and Jin Dynasties, Goguryeo's power developed rapidly through the battle of the Central Plains. As a political power, its earliest large-scale conflict with the Central Plains regime was the war of the Three Kingdoms. At this time, Koguryo has entered the national form. Therefore, the formation of Koguryo State should be in the late Eastern Han Dynasty (about 2-3 centuries).
In addition, Koguryo's original ruling centers were in Ji 'an, Jilin, China and Huanren, Liaoning, which had little to do with the Korean Peninsula. Koguryo changed from a tribe ruled by Koguryo County, Xuantu County, Han Dynasty to a country, and Koguryo's influence entered the Korean Peninsula in the 2nd century (the formal formation of the Korean Peninsula country was not earlier than the 2nd century, for details, see the annex "Early Relations between China and the Korean Peninsula"). To be sure, Koguryo's transition from the former state form to the state was basically completed in the 3rd century.
Koguryo's westward development was blocked by successive blows from Cao Wei and Yan Qian, so it turned to the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, gradually replacing the counties established by the former Central Plains Dynasty (after the establishment of Le Lang, Fan Zhen, Lintao and Xuantu counties by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Datong River Basin in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula has been the ruling area of the counties established by China).
After the longevity king moved to Pyongyang in 427, Goguryeo competed with Baekje and Silla for territory for a long time. Due to the correct strategy adopted by the ruling class (in the later stage of Koguryo's development, after its ruling center entered the Korean peninsula, Koguryo's tribute relationship to the Central Plains dynasty was not weakened, but strengthened. So as to concentrate on attacking its enemies on the peninsula), Goguryeo gradually became powerful, encroaching on the counties ruled by the Central Plains Dynasty in the northeast and the peninsula, and eventually became a regional force from the west of Jilin and Liaoning provinces in China to the south of the Datong River basin in the eastern Korean peninsula.
According to Japanese scholar Ming's statistics, during the 643 years from 32 AD to 666 AD, Goguryeo paid tribute to the Central Plains Dynasty 205 times. Among them, during 39 1 year from 32 to 423, there were only 17 tributes, which only happened once every 23 years. From 423 to 666, * * * paid tribute 188 times, with an average of 1.3 years. (Note: This happened because, in the early days of Koguryo's history, it was very subordinate to the Han Dynasty, and there was no need to pay tribute to the Central Plains Dynasty. I didn't even have such qualifications in the early stage. However, after the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Central Plains split, and the Koguryo regime had begun to take shape. However, the chaos in the Central Plains made it unnecessary to pay tribute to specific objects. In the later period, due to the establishment of powerful regimes such as the Northern Wei Dynasty in the northern Central Plains, Koguryo greatly increased the frequency and frequency of tributes for political and economic reasons. )
Although Koguryo's internal political organization is evolving to the country, at the beginning of entering the country, its nature is still the local administrative organization of China. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the titles given to Koguryo by China dynasties always had the nature of the chief executive of local administrative agencies, which can prove this point.
As early as the middle of the 4th century, Yan Qian had appointed King Koguryo as the secretariat of Yingzhou. Since then, Koguryo Wang Yizhi has inherited the military posts with administrative jurisdiction, such as Yingzhou, Yingzhou and Liaohai. In the following 435 years, the Koguryo kings of past dynasties often held the titles of commander guarding Dongyi and captain guarding Dongyi, indicating that the Central Plains court granted him the power to manage the ethnic minorities in Northeast China on behalf of the central government. All these clearly reflect the characteristics of Koguryo regime as the local administrative organ of China Central Dynasty. Koguryo at this time is by no means an independent country with sovereignty.
With the development and maturity of Koguryo, as a local government in China, Koguryo became more and more independent, and the attitude of the central dynasty towards Koguryo was also changing. From the end of the 6th century, the central government no longer granted King Goguryeo an official position with local administrative jurisdiction, but gave it to the general, the Yitong No.3 Division of Shangkaifu, Shangzhu State and other scattered officials and heroes. This shows that the central dynasty of China was very dissatisfied with Goguryeo's independence tendency as its local political power and began to stop granting him the power to govern all parts of Northeast China. This contradiction between the central and local governments escalated and eventually evolved into a war between Sui and Tang Dynasties and Koguryo.
The conquest of Koguryo in the Sui and Tang Dynasties was the conquest of local governments that tried to be independent by the central government of China, and it was the struggle to safeguard national unity and territorial integrity in ancient China, not a war of aggression between countries.
Baekje, Silla and Koguryo in the southern part of the Korean peninsula have been at war for a long time, and their territory has also changed greatly. In the Tang Dynasty, Baekje and Goguryeo were destroyed successively. Five governors' offices, including Jin Xiong, were set up in Baekje's hometown, and Anton's governor's office was set up in Goguryeo's hometown, with Silla King as the governor of Jilin Province, which finally established China's captive rule system on the Korean Peninsula in this period. (1) Koguryo was built by Fuyu people. Fuyu people are one of the main sources of Koreans. Goguryeo and Baekje are the continuation of Fuyu country. After Koguryo was destroyed, the main residents became residents of Silla and Bohai Sea. After the Bohai Kingdom was destroyed by the Khitan, most of the residents moved to the king's Korea. (Note: The army is different from the civilians in the war. After Koguryo was destroyed by Silla, most of Koguryo civilians on the Korean peninsula stayed on the Korean peninsula. ) Before Wang Jianli, the bow clan of Silla nobles wanted to revive Koguryo and establish Koguryo. It can be seen that both Silla people and Dynasty Xianren think that they and Koguryo belong to different branches of the same nation, and they are all named after Korea.
China's view is that Fuyu people constitute the royal families of Koguryo and Baekje. The lower Koguryo includes many different tribal entities located in the northeast of China at that time. It is very different from the Sanhan tribe in the south of the Korean peninsula. It is not a historical fact that "most" of Bohai residents were moved to Wang Korea. People from Bohai stayed in the local area and plundered into Qidan, and the population integrated into China was much more than that fleeing into Wang Gaoli. China scholars have written many papers on this issue.
(2) Goguryeo was founded more than 700 years ago, but no dynasty in China could last so long. Its independence is obvious. If Koguryo was only a local political power in China, the Tang Dynasty would not help Silla occupy Koguryo territory on the Korean peninsula, and let Koguryo people establish Bohai State in the northeast of China.
China's Viewpoint Koreans are very proud of the continuation of Koguryo's history. As China people, Koguryo's history is usually regarded as a small part of the national history, and they are not excited about it. China people think that Koguryo's country is relatively small in scale and easy to control politically, which is the main reason why Koguryo's country lasts for a long time. However, due to the general lack of macro-historical vision, Koreans obviously lack understanding of this feature. You know, the early dynasty of China, the Zhou Dynasty, was established for 800 years, which is longer than Koguryo. The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty have a total of more than 400 years, and in terms of national scale, the Zhou Dynasty is five to ten times that of Koguryo, while the Han Dynasty is an empire spanning Wan Li from east to west, and the national scale is about 70 times that of Koguryo regime. This is in stark contrast to Koguryo's one-sided and 700-year separatist regime. Therefore, it is unreasonable to use the duration of Koguryo to prove its independence.
(3) The change of the surname and nationality of the ruler cannot be regarded as the standard of dynasty inheritance. Yang's Sui Dynasty, Li's Xianbei descent of the Tang Dynasty, was replaced by Zhao's Han nationality of the Song Dynasty. This is considered by China people to be the inheritance of dynasties. Koguryo was replaced by Silla and Wang, which is also the same inheritance relationship. (Note: This inheritance relationship refers to the inheritance of hegemony on the Korean Peninsula. )
China thought that the surname of the ruler and the change of nationalities could not be regarded as the standard of dynasty inheritance. The problem is that people in Wang's Koryo period did not think that Wang's Koryo was an inheritance of Koguryo. In Jin FTSE's History of the Three Kingdoms, we can know that the Wangs and Koreans are orthodox in Silla, no matter the style or the details of the book. Jin Fushi, an ancient Korean historian, did not think that Wang was the successor of Koguryo. The writer of Wang Gaoli's period said in the Preface to Oriental Humanities: "The East is as far away as Zhou, so we can know that it has the glory of China. In the heyday of Silla in the past, he sent his children to the Tang Dynasty and set up a' Su Weiyuan' to run the business. Therefore, Tang Jinshi has a' Bingong' branch with no name next to it. In order to catch up with the sacred cause of founding the country and unify the three Koreas, the dress-up ceremony was held to attack the old Silla. Spread to 16 and 17 kings, practice benevolence and righteousness, and benefit the Chinese style. There is Song Dynasty in the west and Liao and Jin in the north. Influenced and dyed, the talent is getting longer and longer, and the article is embarrassing and salty. ([Korea] National Culture Promotion Association: Selected Works of Korea Series, Volume III, Hancheng, 1990, p. 27; Cui Yun's biography is in Korean History (Volume 109, Biography 22).
As Cui Zhiyuan, a college student in Silla, Cui Yun should be quite familiar with the changes of cultural relics system because of his family background. He thinks that Wang's Korea is the direct successor of Silla. We know very well that people really confuse Koguryo with (Wang's) Korea, but ignore Silla as the predecessor of Wang's Korea. There are great differences between Wang's Korea and Gao's Korea in territorial scope and ethnic composition. China scholars generally believe that Wang's Korean name reflects Wang Jian's ambition to invade China's territory northward by taking advantage of China's brief division in the Five Dynasties. This ambition ended with the unification of the Song Dynasty and the strength of the Liao Dynasty.
(4) Koguryo territory is partly located in China at present, but it cannot be said that it is only the history of China. Historically, the northeast of China was dominated by ethnic minorities. The rule of the Han people is very weak. In addition, part of Koguryo's territory is located on the Korean peninsula.
China's Viewpoint Actually, no China scholar said that Koguryo belongs only to the history of China. On the contrary, South Korea tried to inherit all the historical heritage of Koguryo exclusively. Koreans have repeatedly stressed that "historically, northeast China was dominated by ethnic minorities. Han Chinese rule is very weak. " It is nothing more than to separate the historical ties between Northeast China and its mother. I have read many Korean historians' historical works, and their common feature is that "China" is only related to the Han nationality. Don't treat ethnic minorities as China people. Their views are ridiculous. Because today's Han nationality is formed by absorbing the "ethnic minorities" in the Korean-style judgment that "the northeast of China was mainly ruled by ethnic minorities in history". The so-called "ethnic minorities who ruled the northeast of China in history include Bohai people (Koreans believe that Bohai people mainly fled to the Korean peninsula without foundation), Liao people (Khitan people) and Jin people (jurchen people)", while Manchu people who ruled the northeast of in Qing Dynasty are China citizens who are completely integrated into China culture at present. All these facts undoubtedly show that China enjoys reasonable historical rights and interests in Koguryo history. The history of Koguryo is shared by China, North Korea and South Korea, which is ok, but any attempt by South Korea to separate the history of Koguryo from the history of China is absurd.
(5) Many dynasties and countries in Korea, such as Silla, Wangs Koryo and Lee Korea, were once given titles by the central feudal ruling class in China. That doesn't mean they are part of China.
China's viewpoint This viewpoint is a confusion of historical facts. Silla, Wang and Li Han were seized, but they were not destroyed and absorbed by China and Korea in ancient times like Koguryo. Of course, they are no longer a part of China (admittedly, in a certain period in ancient times, they were under the jurisdiction of China), while Koguryo belongs to an ancient country that perished more than/kloc-0.000 years ago, and its historical heritage, including population, territory and historical sites, was inherited and accepted by modern China and North Korea respectively. Therefore, Koguryo is of course an integral part of China's ancient history and culture. Similarly, North Korea can also consider Koguryo as an integral part of ancient Korean history and culture. But we must remind those Korean nationalists that you should face up to the influence of ancient Central Plains culture on your nation. It is irrational for you to separate history and emphasize the greatness of your nation with the history and culture of this ancient country. The view that one's ancient culture has nothing to do with China is an escape from self-deception. In ancient culture, your ancestors, including some Koguryo people, benefited a lot from Chinese civilization. Admitting this will not affect the independence and development of your nation today. On the contrary, it will become the basis of friendship with China.
(6) Koguryo's folk customs and culture are similar to those of Koreans.
China's point of view should be clear, that is, similarity does not mean the same. Today's Koreans and China people have been westernized in material culture, and South Korea is the largest Christian country in Asia. Do we have to say that Koreans and Europeans have similar cultures, so Koreans have inherited Europeans? This is of course unreasonable. The similarities between these cultures can only show that culture has no national boundaries, and human culture is spreading rapidly and influencing each other. Koguryo's history is very clear. It is an ancient country that has perished, and its people have been absorbed by China and Korea. Therefore, it is understandable that the living customs similar to Koguryo people have been preserved in North Korea or South Korea.
Silla people originated from the Sanhan tribe in the south of the Korean peninsula, and Koguryo people originated from the filth people in the northeast. They may have racial ties, but they only developed in an isolated geographical space at first, and they are definitely not the same nation. Koguryo was included in the Korean historical system, which originated from the History of the Three Kingdoms written by ancient Korean historian Jin Fushi. As can be seen from the records of the Three Kingdoms, as a direct descendant of Silla, the Wangs Koreans did not claim to be descendants of Koguryo. Jin FTSE listed Koguryo, Silla and Baekje as "Haidong Three Kingdoms". The division of "East Three Kingdoms" is the same as what we now call "East Asian countries", "European countries" and "Far East countries". It does not contain the value judgments and hints of the same race, culture, language and country.
(7) China's Three Emperors and Five Emperors and Xia Dynasty are legends. North Korea should not attack the authenticity of Tan Jun.
China's view that Tan Jun's authenticity towards North Korea has not been supported and proved by historical relics. A large number of historical sites represented by Erlitou ancient city site in the same period of Xia Dynasty have been discovered in China. Even if we don't talk about the Xia Dynasty, the remains, cultural relics and written materials of the Shang civilization in China, which began in the 6th century BC/KLOC-0, are very rich. We in China have never just used a myth to prove our long history and the greatness of our nation. However, only one Dangun myth that appeared in the 2nd century A.D./KLOC-0 proves the long history and greatness of Koreans.
(8) China used to think Koguryo was one of the three countries of Korea. This is also the knowledge of the world academic community. The northeast project is to use academics to engage in politics. Worried that after the reunification of North and South, South Korea will make territorial claims.
The deepening of academic research on China's viewpoint will bring different historical views. The world academic circles have not formed the * * * understanding that Koguryo belongs to Korean history. If there is such knowledge, there must be a series of English papers to prove it. We are glad to see Korean historians provide such papers. China's sovereignty over the territory of Northeast China is formed by history and fully conforms to international law. Therefore, the people of China will not worry about the territorial loss caused by the historical ownership of an ancient country in history. This logic is ridiculous. In contemporary times, any change in territorial sovereignty can only be the result of war. 250 years after Goguryeo's death, Wang Jian, a famous star of the Three Kingdoms, established a Korean country in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, which was known as Wang's Korea in history. The Wang Dynasty of Korea originated in Koguryo, but these are two completely different countries, not a continuous dynasty, because more than 95% of the territory of Wang Korea and Koguryo do not overlap, their languages are different, and the historical span is too large (the gap of more than 250 years), which must be paid serious attention to when studying the history of Koguryo. Therefore, Koguryo was a local regime in the history of China. We should not be vague about history, which is also one of the evidences to prevent Korean ultra-nationalists from coveting the northeastern territory of China.
Wang Korea was founded in 9 18, and 1392 was replaced by Lee Korea, which spanned from the middle of the Five Dynasties to the early Ming Dynasty. Therefore, the old Five Dynasties history, the new Five Dynasties history, the Song history, the Liao history, the Jin history, the Yuan history and the Ming history all have the Biography of Korea.
The History of the Old Five Dynasties and the History of the New Five Dynasties first wrote Gao's Koryo into Wang's Biography of Koryo, and The History of the Song Dynasty was the initiator of the sentence "The throne is high". The records of these three history books directly influenced the later history books.
History of the old Five Dynasties. The biography of North Korea written by Xue in the Northern Song Dynasty is as follows:
Koryo, this redundant another species. Its capital, Pyongyang, the hometown of Hanlelang County, is located more than 4,000 miles east of the capital. As for Silla in the east, Liaoshui in the northwest as for Yingzhou, Baekje in the south, Mohong in the north, 3,100 miles from east to west and 2,000 miles from north to south. Its official rank is greater than Lu's, and it is better than a product. It always knows state affairs, and it is three years old. If you can do it, it will be indefinite. Yes, Lu has been sent to the 12 level general. There are more than 60 counties and big cities outside, with one person, more than the governor; A small town makes one person better than the secretariat; Each of them has his own assistant who is in charge of Cao. Its king was crowned with a white snail, decorated with small white skin and salty gold. At the end of the Tang dynasty, Taizong cut it down and couldn't go down. At the beginning of General Chapter, Emperor Gaozong ordered Li Ji to lead an army to levy it, so he pulled out the city and divided the county. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains suffered many disasters, and its country stood on its own feet as a monarch, formerly known as Gao. Tang Tongguang, Tian Chengzhong and Lei all sent envoys to pay tribute. In the sixth year of Zhou Xiande, North Korea sent a tribute of 1,200 amethyst.
History of the New Five Dynasties. The biography of Korea written by Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty is as follows:
Koryo, another kind of redundant person. His country and monarch belong to the Tang Dynasty. He has a surname bigger than Yidi, and his official number can be known a little. At the end of the Tang dynasty, it was high. In the first year of Tongguang, Han Shenyi, the assistant minister, and Park Yan, the deputy envoy of Chunbu, were sent to comment widely, but their king's name was incorrect. In the third year of Changxing, Wang Jianlai, the envoy of the dynasty, was appointed as the ambassador of the Rebel Army and the king of Korea. The builder is also a Korean. After two years of operation, the army built and established itself. After serving for four years, he was a soldier, and his son stood out. King III often paid tribute in the last five dynasties, and pleaded with China when the People's Republic was founded. China often gave him excellent answers. When its real estate was copper and silver, Zhou Shizong sent Han Yanqing, a water official of Shangshu, to cast iron in North Korea with thousands of copper coins. In six years, Zhao sent envoys to pay 50,000 Jin of brass. Koreans are literate and like reading. Zhao Jin entered a volume of No Filial Piety Sutra, eight volumes of Xin Yi of Yue King, one volume of Filial Piety of Emperor and one volume of Filial Piety of Women. Farewell tells the story of Confucius and his disciples; The new meaning of King Yue, aiming at "King Yue", is today's "justice"; Di Ling describes how to prolong the life of the valley. The female figure contains solar eclipse and star change. It goes without saying anything.
The History of Song Dynasty was written by Tuotuo in Yuan Dynasty. This book is a monograph of Wang's biography of Korea, and its contents are as follows:
Korea, formerly known as Koguryo. Yu bid farewell to Kyushu, which belongs to Jizhou, the country of Zhou, and Xuantu County of Han Dynasty. In Liaodong, another kind of Gefuyu takes Pyongyang as its capital. Since the Han and Wei Dynasties, I have often paid tribute, but I am also tired of being a border guard. Emperor Yang Di came back to dispatch troops, and Emperor Taizong personally attacked him. The emperor ordered Li Zhengzhi to occupy his city and divide his land into counties. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains suffered many disasters, so he stood on his own feet as a king. In the later Tang dynasty, the natural beauty of the same light, its main height, tribute to its duties. In Changxing, the king in charge of state affairs was sent to pay tribute. ......
After that, the historical facts of Wang and his communication are described.
Liao History and Jin History were also written for the detachment of the Yuan Dynasty, so it is natural to follow the relevant records of Songshi and not quote them one by one.
The History of the Yuan Dynasty written by Song Lian and Wang Wei in the Ming Dynasty is also another biography of Wang, which begins with a clear meaning:
Koryo, a land sealed by Kiko, helped other species survive here. Its land is east to Silla and south to Baekje, all across the sea, northwest to Liaoshui to Yingzhou, and north to its capital called Pyongyang, which is Hanlelang County. There is a white mountain in the water, called Yalu River, and Pyongyang is in the southeast, because it is dangerous. After the restoration, the territory became wider and wider, and ancient Silla, Baekje and Koguryo became one. His main surname was Gao, and he died from the founding of the People's Republic of China to the early Tang Dynasty. Since the listing workshop, children and grandchildren have regained their land and can stand on their own feet. In the Five Dynasties, it was Wang Hejian who moved the capital for him. Self-built to the twenty-seventh king of Daofan, it took more than 400 years to change his surname. .......
The History of Ming Dynasty, written by ZQQ Yu Ting, etc. At this time, Lee Han has replaced Wang Han. So the biography of Ming history is the biography of Korea, which begins with:
The countries of North Korea and Ji Zi were also blocked. Han is used to being called Han. Originally established by Wei Yanren, Emperor Wudi razed it to the ground and set it in Fan Zhen, Lintun, Le Lang and Xuantu counties. At the end of the Han dynasty, there was a Fuyu man named Gao, who changed his country name to Koryo and Koguryo and lived in Pyongyang, that is. It was broken by the Tang Dynasty and moved eastward. In the later Tang Dynasty, Wang Jiandai Gao merged Silla and Baekje and moved to Tokyo, with Pyongyang as Xijing. Its country is bordered by the general government of Qidan in the north, Zhizhi in the west, Japan in the south, and Xijing and Dongning Road in the mainland, with Ciling as the boundary. Mingxing Wang, yes. In the first year of Mao's accession to the throne, he wrote a letter to Mao. Return to China after two years. This is a gift for you, please seal it. Emperor sent Fuxilang imperial edict, golden seal imperial edict, made you king of Korea, and gave Li and Er ... (twenty-five years of Hongwu) In the winter, Cheng Gui heard the news of the death of the Crown Prince and sent messengers to express condolences and asked him to change his title. The emperor's life was also called Korea in ancient times.
From the records of these history books, we can clearly see that. Because the territory was cut off by Liao and Jin Dynasties, Song people generally didn't know what happened on the Korean Peninsula from the demise of Koguryo in the Tang Dynasty to the establishment of Korea by Wang Jian.
Xue, who compiled the History of the Old Five Dynasties, can't avoid customs. He (they) don't know that these two hundred years are the period of unifying Silla. During these two hundred years, there was not a country called "North Korea" in the world. People in the Song Dynasty believed that Korea had always existed.
Confusing Gao's Koryo with Wang's Koryo is only the beginning of the subsequent mistakes in history. If the records of the relationship between the old, the new and the five dynasties are not clear, and there is still a lack of effective connection between them, then the History of the Song Dynasty compiled by Yuan Renxiu closely links them with Wang's sentence "In Changxing, Wang Gaoshi".
The mistakes and omissions in the compilation of Yuan Shi in Ming Dynasty are the highest in all history. From the content point of view, the biography of Yuan people not only inherited the mistakes of Song history, but also introduced the historical facts of North Korea into the biography of North Korea.
The history of the Ming Dynasty has developed more than before. In order to have a reasonable explanation for the conferring of Li Chenggui as korean king in the Ming Dynasty, it not only inherited the above mistakes, but also gave a complete but wrong account of the evolution of Lee's Korean regime:
Korea-> Webster's Korea-> Hansi County-> Koguryo-> The Restoration of the East-> Wang-> Korea before the name change-> Lee's Korea
What's more, in order to make the record more complete, the "westerners" of Koguryo people moved to the mainland at the end of the Tang Dynasty and became "easterners" (although the historical records before the Ming Dynasty said that "the kings moved to Pyongyang", so that the following "Wang Jiandai Gao annexed Silla and Baekje" came into being.
In this way, not only Wang Gaoli became the successor of Koguryo, but also Koguryo became the successor of Jizi Korea. What's more, after usurping Wang Gaoli's regime, Li Chenggui changed the name of the country to North Korea, which became the heritage of Jizi North Korea.
In this way, not only "Korea", a title used by China's ancient frontier nationalities, was attacked by Wang's North Korean regime, the successor of Silla from the Three Han Dynasties, but also the Li Dynasty, as the successor of Wang's North Korean regime, put the "Korea" used by North Korea on its own head, which also brought many wrong views on the evolution of ancient northeast local regime.
Finally, it is worth noting that we point out the shortcomings of the ancients, not to accuse them, but mainly to clarify historical facts and restore the true colors of history.