? laws and regulations
? 1. Legislation: It is an activity to raise the will of the ruling class to that of the ruling class, and it is the first distribution of social resources and social interests.
? Second, the legislative system: mainly for the division of legislative authority and other systems, China adopts a unitary multi-level legislative system.
? Third, legislative power: it is a state organ that formulates, amends and abolishes laws and other normative legal documents.
? Fourth, legislative principles: democratic legislation, scientific legislation and legal legislation.
? V. Procedures: proposal, deliberation, voting, announcement and filing.
? Enforcement of the law
? First, the implementation of the law: transforming people's abstract behavior patterns into concrete behavior patterns. That is = law enforcement+law application+law compliance.
? 2. Law enforcement: refers to the acts of the state administrative organs and their public servants to carry out administrative management, perform administrative functions and carry out legal activities according to law.
? Third, judicial organs: specialized departments that apply laws to handle cases.
? Fourth, abiding by the law is an activity that citizens, social organizations and the state exercise relevant rights and obligations according to law.
? Fifth, legal supervision: in a narrow sense, it refers to the legal supervision of law enforcement, justice and law-abiding by state power organs; In a broad sense, it refers to the legal supervision of citizens, social organizations and state organs in exercising their legal rights and fulfilling their obligations. That is, legal supervision system = national legal supervision system+social legal supervision system.
? General principles of law application
? First, the goal of law application: the predictability and legitimacy of legal judgments.
? Second, the steps of applying the law: syllogism (the minor premise is to find out the facts of the case, and the major premise is to choose the legal basis and conclusion of applying the minor premise)
? Third, internal justification (syllogism) and external justification (proving the correctness of syllogism applicable to internal justification): external justification must include internal justification.
? Legal reasoning
? First, the concept of legal reasoning: the reasoning rules that a legal person must apply when inferring certain legal conclusions based on certain factual premises.
? 2. Types of legal reasoning: deductive reasoning (syllogism "minor premise and major premise conclusion"), inductive reasoning (from individual to general), analogical reasoning (from general to general) and evidential reasoning (deductive reasoning).
? legal interpretation
? First, the concept of legal interpretation: it is the interpretation of the legal meaning by a certain person or organization, and it is also the premise of the implementation of the law, which is restricted by the interpretation cycle.
? Second, the methods of legal interpretation: literal interpretation, systematic interpretation, legislator's purpose interpretation, objective purpose interpretation, historical interpretation and comparative interpretation.
? Third, literal interpretation, restrictive interpretation and extended interpretation.
? Fourthly, the interpretation system of contemporary China legal system: monism (the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC)) and multi-level (Supreme Law, Supreme Procuratorate and the State Council).