Did you know that a small advertising light box can kill 350 thousand insects a year? This was discovered by Austrian researchers in a research project. Since Edison invented the electric light, human society has developed rapidly and various artificial light sources have emerged one after another. At the beginning, the earliest light bulb was only 1 watt, but now in the city, you can find lights with a kilowatt or more at will. Electricity consumption is a sign of human progress, but it also brings many problems. The above mentioned is a typical example of the impact on the ecological environment. We also see that the death of insects has brought a series of consequences, which directly affect plants that rely on insect pollination, and birds that feed on insects will also die indirectly.
Birds are also victims of artificial light.
In fact, many birds are also affected by urban lighting. Especially those migrating birds, large-scale artificial light often makes birds lose their way. There have been such incidents. In Marburg, Germany, a group of cranes wandered over the city all night and finally collapsed exhausted. Later, more than 100 dead and injured cranes were found on the ground of the city. The lighting of high-rise buildings will attract migratory birds and often cause them to die on high-rise buildings. In Chicago, a tall building kills 1000 ~ 2000 migratory birds every year. According to American researchers, about 4 million birds die every year because they hit the advertising lights of tall buildings. This is a huge number.
Let the little turtle lose his way home.
Artificial light does great harm not only to birds, but also to many kinds of animals. Take the turtle as an example. Newborn turtles swim into the water according to the reflection of the moon and stars in the water. However, during the birth of 200 1 turtle, many turtles were found dead due to the lack of water along the Atlantic coast. According to the analysis, this is because the ground light scattered by the atmosphere is too strong, which exceeds the moon and starlight, causing those turtles to mistake the land for the ocean, so they failed to climb into the sea and die.
The photosynthetic capacity of plants is weakened.
The earth's atmosphere scatters the city lights at night, thus maintaining a high brightness at night. Animals are stimulated by light and will be full of vitality. The energy originally used for reproduction, self-defense and foraging will be consumed in this way, so they will also be hurt. Some toad species that are used to mating in the dark are on the verge of extinction, which is related to this. It is found that there are fewer flies on the main streets of big cities in many countries, and the chief culprit is street lamps. Although everyone hates flies, people should also think that if the environment is harmful to flies, it will also be harmful to other animals and even plants. Environmentalists have found that trees near strong light have short survival time, weak photosynthesis and less oxygen release.
Pose a threat to human health.
Having said so much about the harm of artificial light to animals and plants, this phenomenon can be called "light pollution". Now, the harm of light pollution to people has also been studied a lot. For mankind itself, its harm is not small. In recent years, with many high-rise buildings choosing glass curtain wall as external decoration, this design is beautiful, but it also causes great light pollution. Glass curtain wall is very uncomfortable in summer under the strong light during the day because the reflection ability of glass is much higher than that of ordinary objects.
In fact, in addition to the glass curtain wall of the building, if the color of the indoor wall is too bright, it will also cause visual discomfort. The light reflection coefficient of particularly smooth powder walls and white books and papers is as high as 90%, which is about 10 times higher than that of grass, forest or rough decorations. Therefore, when painting walls, it is best to use "ecological colors", that is, soft natural colors, rather than bright colors. Television, computers and even snow-white paper that people come into contact with in daily life will do harm to their eyesight.
According to the research, if people work or live under the condition of serious light pollution for a long time, they will be upset, dizzy, and even have insomnia, loss of appetite, depression, physical weakness and other similar symptoms of mental weakness. Light pollution will damage the cornea and iris of human eyes, and the retina will also be damaged to varying degrees, and the vision will drop sharply, and the incidence of cataract will also increase: because the function of retinal photoreceptor cells will be inhibited, visual fatigue and vision will be reduced.
At present, scientists' comprehensive and systematic research on light pollution is still in its infancy. In legislation, the identification of light pollution lacks environmental standards, and the impact of this pollution on human body is not easy to be perceived by people in a short time. Therefore, at present, it will take time to control light pollution from the macro policy.
It is not easy for me to give points.