Neurosurgical medical staff should be responsible for medical services including outpatient service and hospitalization under the leadership of the hospital. Through surgery and drug treatment, patients' hospitalization days should be shortened, their functions improved and their quality of life improved. I'll give you a personal summary of neurosurgery, I hope you like it.

Personal summary of neurosurgery 1 Since I joined the surgical work, I have been full of enthusiasm, worked hard and completed my job with my heart. With the care and help of the Party and the superior leaders, we should make progress in thinking, be proactive, unite with colleagues, abide by the law, respond to the call of the hospital, implement the Party's principles and policies with heart, strive to improve political and ideological consciousness, adhere to the patient-centered principle, and do our job well in a down-to-earth manner.

The thoughts, work and study in the past five years are reported as follows:

First, ideologically

Take model figures as examples, carry forward the "grassland spirit", give full play to party member's vanguard and exemplary role, and set an example for the masses.

Second, in learning.

Always continue to love the habit of learning and pay attention to the study of professional knowledge. Through study, my professional theory and skills are gradually improved. Especially in recent years, the potential to solve more difficult problems in this major has been greatly improved.

In terms of professional theory, he has mastered the basic theories such as diagnostics, clinical medicine, general surgery and thoracic surgery, mastered the diagnosis points and treatment principles of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases in general surgery and thoracic surgery, and mastered the relevant theoretical knowledge of first aid and the comprehensive application of first aid drugs.

In terms of professional skills, I have mastered the basic clinical operation, diagnostic skills and the writing of clinical medical documents, and basically mastered the surgical methods of common diseases in my undergraduate department. I can basically complete appendectomy, cholecystectomy, subtotal gastrectomy, abdominal hernia repair, splenectomy and other common operations. And I can independently complete laparoscopic cholecystectomy and other operations under the guidance of a superior doctor.

In the past five years, * * * has treated more than 20 patients, including more than 60 critically ill patients, and participated in emergency rescue 10 times. More than 800 cases of large and medium-sized operations were independently completed, with the assistance of superior doctors.

Can keep track of the new progress and new technology in the fields of general surgery, thoracic surgery and first aid at home and abroad in time, and can be carried out in combination with the actual situation of our hospital. At work, I am diligent, hardworking and cooperate with department leaders.

Careful clinical work, enthusiasm, patience, care for patients, truly treat patients as relatives, worry about patients' urgent needs, think about patients' thoughts, and devote all what they have learned to serving the health of resident soldiers, which is well received by patients.

Third, style.

Be strict with yourself, abide by the rules and regulations of the hospital, abide by the law, unite with comrades, earnestly abide by the laws and regulations of the state and the rules and regulations of the army, respect leaders, unite with comrades, care about the masses, and have strong organizational discipline.

In my study, I passed the computer potential test and the English test. During his tenure, he published 4 papers in core journals. He won two awards for his outstanding work performance.

In the new semester, I must devote myself to my new job with greater enthusiasm, meet new challenges and strive for better results.

Personal summary of neurosurgery in the past 20 years With the care and support of hospital leaders and nursing department, general nurses follow the service tenet of "smile service, touch service" advocated by the hospital, carry out various nursing work around the nursing management objectives and work plans formulated at the beginning of the year, and strictly grasp the implementation of various plans. Within half a year, all work indicators have basically reached the target requirements. The nursing work of neurosurgery in the past 20 years is summarized as follows:

First, the implementation of the "one subject and one specialty" training plan, focusing on the training of nursing talents, and the quality of nursing staff has generally improved.

1. standardize the training of nurses at all levels according to the training plan of "one subject and one specialty", strengthen the training of nurses at all levels, and meet the quality requirements in monthly evaluation and quarterly evaluation.

2. Ask questions in the morning class every week, including basic theoretical knowledge, nosocomial infection knowledge and specialized knowledge, so as to promote everyone's learning and progress.

3. Further improve and repeatedly strengthen the study of nursing documents and pressure sore evaluation, and apply them to practical work, evaluate every patient at risk of pressure sore, and sum up experiences and lessons, so that the clinical nursing ability of general nurses has been significantly improved.

4. Organize general nurses to meet every week to study the core nursing system of the hospital, participate in many cultural and artistic activities organized by the hospital, and strengthen the study of nursing-related laws and regulations.

5. People who actively participated in the activities organized by the college also gave convenient consideration to the scheduling, which won many honors for Corey.

6. The training of first aid techniques has been strengthened, so that every nurse can master the techniques of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation skillfully, and the common technical operations such as sputum suction and oxygen inhalation have been trained, and the specialized first aid techniques have been improved obviously.

7. Strengthen the cultivation of nursing talents, create good conditions for the growth of nursing talents, send undergraduate nurses to specialized hospitals like Tiantan to study, and bring back new nursing techniques and new management concepts from other hospitals, which effectively promotes the development of various departments.

8. Nurses at all levels take theoretical examinations, hospital knowledge examinations and technical operation examinations organized by departments and hospitals, with a participation rate of 100% and a passing rate of 100%.

Second, taking patients as the center, strengthening the communication between nurses and patients, improving the service process, and significantly improving the service quality.

1. Nurses in charge of patients with mild illness and elective surgery can warmly receive patients and send them to the bedside, and actively introduce ward environment, schedule, rules and regulations and attending doctors to patients or their families to understand their psychological state and needs after admission.

2, emergency and critically ill patients can quickly organize rescue, reduce the pain of patients, at the same time comfort patients and their families, reduce their fears.

3. Provide patients with various conveniences in life, and listen to the opinions of patients and caregivers on nursing services extensively, find out the reasons for existing problems, put forward rectification measures, and make timely rectification.

Third, improve nursing rules and regulations and operational procedures, strengthen nursing risk management, and ensure nursing safety.

1, enumerating several cases with risk characteristics of neurosurgery nursing and corresponding protective measures, and organizing general nurses to analyze, discuss and learn.

2. Nurses conduct safety awareness education every week, find out unsafe factors in their work, put forward rectification measures, eliminate errors and hidden dangers of accidents, conscientiously implement various nursing rules and regulations and operating procedures, give play to the supervisory role of department heads, and regularly and irregularly check the implementation of various nursing systems.

Fourth, the writing of nursing documents should be accurate, objective and continuous.

Nursing documents, namely legal documents, are the objective basis for judging medical disputes. They should be considered comprehensively in the writing process, which can objectively, truly, accurately, timely and completely reflect the changes of patients' condition, constantly strengthen the significance of formal writing of nursing documents, make every nurse correct his writing attitude, and strengthen supervision and inspection at the same time, check whether there are any defects in the records of the previous shift in each shift, and the head of the nursing document group regularly takes the lead in checking cases. Head nurses regularly and irregularly check the writing and signing of nursing documents and temporary doctor's orders, timely review the discharge medical records, timely correct the problems found, analyze the quality of nursing documents every month, put forward rectification measures for existing problems, and continuously monitor them.

Fifth, standardize ward management and establish a people-oriented hospitalization environment, so that patients can reach the best physical and mental state of receiving treatment.

Ventilate the ward regularly every day, keep the ward quiet, clean and fresh, provide safe and effective protective measures for patients with consciousness disorder, implement post responsibility system, care patients according to grade nursing standards, implement health education, strengthen basic nursing and case nursing for critically ill patients, and meet the reasonable needs of patients and their families.

Six, the first aid items intact rate reached 100%.

First-aid articles shall be managed in succession, and the person in charge shall conduct a comprehensive inspection once a day, and the head nurse shall conduct a weekly inspection and spot check at any time to ensure that first-aid articles are always in an emergency state.

Seven, according to the hospital infection management standards, focus on strengthening the management of medical waste.

The management system of medical waste was improved, the classified treatment process of medical waste was organized, and special evaluation was carried out. The part-time monitoring nurses in the hospital infection group can perform their duties seriously, so that the monitoring indicators of hospital infection can meet the quality standards.

There are still many shortcomings in this work:

1, the basic care is not in place, depending on the patient's family, the newly admitted patients in individual shifts are not treated in time, and the patients are uncomfortable lying down.

2, ward management needs to be improved, patients carry more items, and the items are placed in confusion.

3. Some nurses don't have a strong aseptic concept, and they don't wear masks during aseptic operation, so their awareness of occupational exposure protection is poor. Domestic waste and medical waste are sometimes mixed together.

4. The active learning atmosphere is not strong enough, especially the enthusiasm of young nurses to learn professional knowledge is not high; There is not enough academic atmosphere, only one academic paper.

5. There are some defects in the writing of nursing documents, such as missing items, missing records and lack of continuity in content.

6. Health education is not deep enough and lacks dynamic continuity.

In the activity of striving for Excellence, under the leadership of the department director and the head nurse, every day is full of work, and overtime is common. They sweat profusely for their patients and enjoy it. In order to save more critically ill patients from death, no matter how busy or tired they are, they do every job well without complaint. They are the medical staff in the fourth ward outside.

As we all know, neurosurgery is the department with the largest number of acute, critical and severe patients in surgery, and the number of patients will increase than usual every holiday, especially since the National Day this year. Hallways and stairs are full of hospitalized patients, and sometimes even fire exits are temporarily added with beds when patients cannot be placed.

Due to the shortage of beds in the surgical intensive care unit, some critically ill patients can only be in the ward, and the number of critically ill patients exceeds 13 at most. Moreover, most patients in neurosurgery are in coma, incontinence and limb movement disorder, and their condition changes rapidly. In addition to daily routine work (timely completion of treatment, oral care, perineal care, tracheotomy care, q2h turn over and pat the back, etc. ), nurses have to observe the changes of their illness, make nursing records, and accept emergency patients. They are very busy at work.

654381on the afternoon of October 22nd 17: 30, when the ward was full, the emergency department called and told them that four patients with brain trauma would be treated immediately. Liu Hong, the head nurse who had just returned to the department after the meeting, immediately arranged for employees to work overtime. Nurses and teachers who are ready to get off work after a tiring day take the initiative to ask for overtime. While informing the second-line doctors, he was busy preparing beds, and the ward director also rushed to the ward.

There are the most emergency patients in neurosurgery, and the operation time is generally very long. Doctors in one class sometimes have to take in more than a dozen new patients and perform several operations (at most, doctors in one class have to perform five emergency operations). Sometimes they stay up all night and can't even eat. They didn't go home to rest until noon the next day. If the patients in charge have any emergency, they must rush to the hospital for treatment.

No matter day or night, rest and holidays, second-line medical staff will arrive in time. The patient's needs are orders. I don't know how many times, when they fall asleep, they will be awakened by the phone, go to the hospital with sleepy eyes, and immediately go to work. They never complain about this.

In the ordinary and subtle work of neurosurgical medical staff, the weak patient becomes healthy and leaves with a painful expression. Although busy; Although I lost the opportunity to reunite with my family again and again; Although misunderstood again and again, tears can only be swallowed secretly, but thinking of their duties, they will cheer up and face every patient with full enthusiasm. This is how they devote themselves to their ordinary posts day after day. Isn't this a concrete embodiment of the practice of striving for Excellence first?

Personal summary of neurosurgery 4 I have been engaged in surgical clinical work for many years, and I can always be consistent with the party's line, principles and policies in my thoughts and actions, and I can consciously abide by laws and regulations and various rules and regulations of the hospital. Can handle all kinds of business work in the operation alone, and there has not been a medical error accident so far. It is embodied in the following aspects: the socialist society is an all-round development and all-round progress society, and the socialist cause is a cause in which material civilization and spiritual civilization complement each other and develop harmoniously.

In the case of relative shortage of facilities and personnel in primary hospitals, as a business leader, I take the lead, accept the supervision of the masses, work in the front line for many years, insist on taking administrative classes and business classes again, never shirk my work for any reason, and never enjoy a good holiday. I remember last year's Eve, I received a patient whose abdomen was injured by firecrackers. At that time, the patient was complicated with shock because of serious wound. By actively organizing medical staff to rescue him in time, he was given surgery for 4 hours. After the operation, the patient returned to the ward safely. After 13 days of careful treatment, the patient recovered smoothly and was discharged from hospital. At this time, I finally felt relieved and didn't have any complaints because of the delay in the Spring Festival break at work.

In the past five years, I have been in charge of business work and feel a great responsibility. I want to make a good start in business, organize and urge everyone to strengthen business learning and constantly update their professional knowledge. In the current market economy society, all walks of life are changing with each passing day, and medical disputes occur frequently at present. Only by constantly strengthening business learning can we improve our business skills and avoid medical disputes and mistakes. Training and studying abroad for many times not only enriched and improved myself. After studying in Wuhan in _ _ _ _, he successfully carried out liver rupture repair, spleen rupture resection, cholecystectomy, intestinal obstruction and thyroid surgery, which won the recognition of hospitals and the masses and achieved good social repercussions for units and individuals. He has been commended by his superiors for many times.

Through continuous learning in business, continuous improvement. The new technology and new business work carried out now has achieved two good benefits. After learning high-tech hemorrhoid treatment technology from Shandong Anorectal Research Institute this year, I returned to the hospital to follow up nearly 43 patients with hemorrhoids. Most patients reported that the technique had less pain during and after operation and recovered quickly after operation, which made up for the shortcomings of the original traditional surgical methods.

Excellent technology in health work is the premise to ensure quality. The quality of service directly affects the treatment effect. In my daily work, I treat any patient seriously and carefully, and do a good job in follow-up service. In the process of receiving patients, it is inevitable that some patients will not understand the routine process of diagnosis and treatment after entering the hospital, and often lead patients to guide. After the treatment is completed, they will explain in detail the matters needing attention after returning to China. It is inconvenient for patients to move after operation. For the convenience of patients, they often help patients to correctly explain the methods of activities, and provide necessary help in daily life, such as turning on water, flushing bedpans and taking medicine. Through their own practical actions, they have influenced the trust and support of employees, patients and their families, and achieved consistent good results.

In recent years, although some achievements have been made in our work, thanks to the support of leaders and the trust of the masses, we need to study further in the future, not only to make up for our own shortcomings, but also to continue our efforts to carry forward the selfless dedication of the older generation from scratch, to ensure the health of the people in this community and make further contributions to social development.

Personal summary of neurosurgery 5 One year has passed in a blink of an eye, and 20 years will pass, and the surgical work is basically on the right track. Summarized as follows. Mentally. This year, there are at least eight nurses and at most twelve nurses in surgery. Every nurse loves this young group very much. No matter how busy and tired the work is, everyone has no complaints and often works overtime to do the work well. In order to safeguard the collective honor, comrades can sacrifice their personal interests and take care of the overall situation at critical times. Comrades can also carry forward the spirit of unity and friendship, care for each other and help each other.

At work, according to the plan at the beginning of the year:

1, earnestly carry out the "100-day defect-free activity", implement the department's plan to prevent nursing defects, enhance the participation consciousness of nursing staff and improve the quality of nursing;

2. Organize nursing staff to study the two books "Details Decide Success or Failure" and "No Excuses", and implement the quality control measures of nursing details in this department;

3. A detailed quality control management system for surgical skin preparation was established, which can be implemented by every nurse, effectively improving the quality of skin preparation and controlling infection;

4. Standardize the department's admission guidance, hospitalization guidance and perioperative guidance, bind them into pamphlets, facilitate the consultation of inpatients and the guidance of nurses, and effectively improve the quality of nursing;

5. All the staff participated in the etiquette training organized by the nursing department, actively participated in the evaluation of etiquette sitcoms to show their elegance, and strived to win glory for the department;

6, according to the requirements of the nursing department, standardize the implementation of "bedside handover" etiquette and "reception etiquette";

7. We have basically managed the detailed laboratory sheets throughout the year, ensuring that every patient can keep the required laboratory sheets in time during hospitalization, thus truly putting people first;

Management, following closely the reform of hospitals and nursing departments;

1, learn to promote the use of HIS system. Organize all staff to study, teach every comrade to audit accounts, and communicate with you in time after finding the reasons for the problems found in the use process.

2. Nursing quality management has been gradually improved. With the cancellation of quarterly physical examination by the nursing department and the change to random daily physical examination, each nurse has his own duties, and strives to manage his patients and do his own work well.

3. According to the post changes, adjust the job responsibilities in time, add auxiliary classes in the general ward, and re-formulate the daily key work of each class to make the key work more prominent and the work of comrades more clear.

4. Set up a "Notepad" to record what every nurse should know and pay attention to, and fix it at the nurse station, signed by the reader to ensure effective communication.

5. Establish the register of discharged patients and consultation register to ensure that the discharge certificate can be sent to the discharge office and consultation office accurately and timely, but it can be sent to the consultant in time.

In terms of learning:

1, in order to improve the quality of nursing staff and encourage self-study, ask a small question of professional knowledge every morning and study together.

2. Learn a medical English word and an English sentence every day, write it down in a notebook, put it in a nurse's station, and ask questions the next morning, but it doesn't persist.

3. Every nurse can consciously study scientific and cultural knowledge in her spare time, update her major and undergraduate course, and constantly improve her cultural quality.

In this past year, there were successes, failures, joys and sorrows. All surgical nurses came together under the leadership of the head nurse. In the new year, there are still many things that need to be worked together: establishing a quantitative and effective nursing staff performance evaluation table with departmental characteristics, and objectively evaluating the quality of nursing staff; Cultivate comrades' scientific research ability and strive to publish more meaningful papers; Insist on learning English every day and so on.

Let's all contribute to the construction of young surgery.

Personal summary of neurosurgery 6 Looking back on the nursing work of neurosurgery in the past year, I have learned a lot, grown a lot, and my colleagues' work enthusiasm has been greatly improved. Under the guidance of the director and head nurse, it is common to work at full capacity and work overtime every day. We are sweating for the patient, not tired. In order to save more critically ill patients from death, we are busy, tired and do every job without complaint.

Neurosurgery is a department with more acute, dangerous and severe diseases in surgery, especially on holidays, and there are more coma patients. For such patients, we should closely observe the changes of the condition in time and make nursing records. Timely treatment, oral care, perineal care, timely sputum aspiration for patients with excessive phlegm, atomized inhalation to dilute sputum, etc. In addition, I have to accept emergency patients, so my work is very busy. Let me realize the importance of nursing safety. Under the leadership of the hospital and nursing department, we should actively and conscientiously implement the nursing concept of "patient-centered", proceed from the patient and think for the patient, and strive to ensure nursing safety and prevent nursing errors. The problems in the past year are briefly summarized as follows:

1, the implementation of various rules and regulations is not strict, the implementation is not in place, and the principle of three inspections and seven pairs is not strictly implemented.

2. The doctor's advice was not carefully checked, only the doctor's advice was reviewed, and the doctor's advice execution form was not copied or changed in time, which resulted in copying errors and omission.

3, the sense of responsibility is not strong, can't patrol patients in time, observe the condition is not careful.

4, ward management needs to be improved, patients carry more items, items placed in confusion.

5. Active learning atmosphere is not strong enough.

6. Health education is not deep enough and lacks dynamic continuity.

I will do the following in my future work:

1, strictly implement the system of three checks and seven pairs, strengthen the monitoring of key links, and adhere to the "three cleanups", that is, the written, oral and bedside handover is clear.

2, when the doctor's advice special medication or special treatment, should be written in the nurse dynamic succession, must copy or change the doctor's advice before reviewing the doctor's advice.

3. The intact rate of first-aid articles reaches 100%. First-aid articles shall be managed in succession, and the person in charge shall conduct a comprehensive inspection once a day, and the head nurse shall conduct a weekly inspection and spot check at any time to ensure that first-aid articles are always in an emergency state.

4. Taking patients as the center, strengthening the communication between nurses and patients, improving the service process, and obviously improving the service quality.

5. For patients with mild symptoms and elective surgery, the responsible nurse can warmly receive the patients and send them to the bedside, and actively introduce the ward environment, work and rest time, rules and regulations and attending doctors to the patients or their families to understand the psychological state and needs of the patients after admission.

6. Provide patients with various conveniences in life, and listen to the opinions of patients and caregivers on nursing services extensively, find out the reasons for existing problems, put forward rectification measures, and make timely rectification.

In the ordinary and subtle work of neurosurgical medical staff, the weak patient becomes healthy and leaves with a painful expression. Although busy; Although I lost the opportunity to reunite with my family again and again; Although misunderstood again and again, tears can only be swallowed secretly, but we think of responsibility, we will cheer up and treat every patient with full enthusiasm. This is how we work hard day after day in our ordinary posts, working hard and contributing in obscurity, and I will work harder in the future nursing work!

Personal summary of neurosurgery 7 1. Commonly used drugs are

1. Mannitol: Relieve brain edema and reduce intracranial pressure. Used for acute. Why does mannitol drip fast?

It is required to finish dripping mannitol within 30 minutes. Mannitol, as a small crystal, can only create a hypertonic environment in the blood if it quickly enters the blood circulation, so that the osmotic pressure between the plasma crystal and the blood brain can be increased, and the water in the brain tissue can be moved into the blood circulation, thereby reducing intracranial pressure and relieving brain edema. If you slowly enter the blood circulation, you can't obviously improve the plasma osmotic pressure, so there is no obvious tissue dehydration.

2. Glycerol fructose sodium chloride: used for acute and chronic intracranial hypertension, brain edema and other symptoms caused by cerebrovascular disease, brain injury, brain tumor and intracranial inflammation.

3. Ambroxol: Ambroxol hydrochloride injection has the characteristics of eliminating phlegm and dissolving secretions, which can promote the elimination of sticky secretions in the respiratory tract and reduce the retention of mucus, thus significantly promoting sputum excretion and improving respiratory conditions.

4. Xingnaojing: clearing away heat and purging fire, cooling blood and detoxifying, and refreshing the brain. Used for epidemic encephalitis B, hepatic coma, heat entering blood, pericardial invagination, high fever, dysphoria, delirium, red tongue and rapid pulse.

5. Edaravone: This product can scavenge free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation, thus inhibiting the oxidation disorder of brain cells (vascular endothelial cells and nerve cells), inhibiting the blood flow around infarction, acting on the acute phase of cerebral infarction, and inhibiting the occurrence and progress (deterioration) of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral edema, cerebral infarction, nervous system symptoms and delayed neuronal death, thus playing a protective role.

6. Rat nerve growth factor for injection: accelerate the repair of damaged nerve cells.

7. Piracetam: used to treat intracranial hypertension caused by brain trauma.

8. Amoxicillin Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium: Amoxicillin Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium for Injection consist of Amoxicillin Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium. This product is a bactericidal antibiotic, amoxicillin is a bactericidal broad-spectrum antibiotic, and sulbactam sodium is a β -lactamase inhibitor. It is suitable for upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection, urogenital tract infection and skin and soft tissue infection.

9. Ceftriaxone sodium: the third generation cephalosporin, which has a strong effect on Gram bacteria.

10. Cefepime: a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for injection, which has a wide antibacterial spectrum and is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria, including most aminoglycoside-resistant or third-generation cephalosporin (such as ceftazidime) strains.

1 1. ozagrel sodium: improve vasospasm and its complicated cerebral ischemia symptoms after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

12. Nimodipine: It is used to prevent cerebral vasospasm and treat acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and has the functions of dilating cerebral vessels and improving cerebral blood supply. Avoid light when using to prevent drug decomposition; Input speed should be slow.

13. Sodium nitroprusside: a powerful vasodilator, which can rapidly lower blood pressure. The effect is quick, but the maintenance time is short.

14. cytidine diphosphate choline: improving brain metabolism.

15. Low molecular dextran: increase blood volume and improve microcirculation.

Many patients in neurosurgery are consumptive and can only rely on daily infusion to supplement nutrition. Commonly used are medium and long chain fat emulsion, potassium chloride, concentrated sodium chloride, vitamin b6, vitamin C, amino acids, calcium gluconate and so on.

Second, the basic nursing of neurosurgical patients

1. Oral care:

1) Oral care target: long-term nasal feeders.

2) Purpose:

A, keep clean and moist, make patients comfortable, and prevent oral infection and other complications.

Prevent halitosis and oral dirt, promote the collection and arrangement of appetite medicine education network, and maintain the normal function of oral cavity.

C, observe the changes of oral mucosa and tongue coating and special oral odor, and provide dynamic information of diseases.

3) Precautions for oral care of coma patients:

First, comatose patients are forbidden to gargle to prevent accidental inhalation.

B, coma patients only scrub a cotton ball at a time to prevent the cotton ball from staying in the mouth.

C, cotton ball should not be too wet, to prevent excessive moisture caused by aspiration.

D, when using the mouth opener, it should be put in from the molar.

E, the movement should be gentle, so as not to hurt the mucosa and gums, and patients with poor coagulation function should be more careful.

2. Nursing care of indwelling catheter: Patients with indwelling catheter should disinfect urethral orifice with iodophor every day to prevent urethral infection caused by long-term indwelling.

3. Nursing of indwelling gastric tube: Due to the heavy workload of hospital nurses, the daily diet of patients is generally made by their families.

1) Method: First, confirm whether the gastric tube is in the stomach. Inject a small amount of warm water first, and then slowly inject nasal feeding liquid. After the injection, inject a small amount of warm water again to rinse the stomach tube. The amount of nasal feeding should not exceed 200ml each time, and the temperature should be 38~40℃. The interval is not less than 2h. When drugs are needed, tablets should be ground and dissolved before pouring.

2) the method of confirming that the gastric tube is in the stomach,

1. Connect the syringe to the gastric tube, and then draw it back. There is gastric juice in the suction.

2. Put the stethoscope into the patient's stomach, quickly inject 10ml air into the stomach through the stomach tube, and hear the sound of air passing through the stomach.

3. Put the end of the stomach tube into a therapeutic bowl filled with water, and no bubbles will overflow.

3) Long-term nasal feeders should take oral care every day and change the gastric tube every week (pull it out at night and insert it through the other nostril the next morning).

4. Nursing care of patients with tracheotomy: disinfect the incision and change the dressing every day. (Disinfect with tincture of iodine, and then deiodify with alcohol twice. )

5. take oxygen. Nursing: change the humidifying bottle every day. When the sterile water in the bottle is lower than the lowest water level, it should be filled with sterile water or physiological saline.

6. Nursing care of indwelling deep vein: replace the protective film every week. Routine disinfection. If it is a femoral vein, prepare the skin in time.

7. Nursing care of patients with ECG monitoring: regularly measure their blood pressure, heart rate and blood oxygen saturation. A strict point of view

Check the patient's vital signs.

Conclusion: The theoretical knowledge mainly involved by neurosurgical patients is related to brain injury.

The patient's observation focuses on consciousness and vital signs.