Beijing officials went to Japan, but the Hanlin bachelor wanted to have fun. Although he is the prime minister, he doesn't have this talent. You ling and kaifengfu point set. Uncle Chen and Uncle Chen know Kaifengfu except undergraduate, so they don't need actresses. Bachelor's colleges don't need female talents, starting with uncles.
Does imperial academy try Jinshi day, set a table of incense in front of the stage, the main book and juren worship each other. This is also the story of the Tang Dynasty. The seat is full of Zhang, and there is a tea soup to drink. Try pedants, they know tent mats and the like, and there is no tea soup. Drink inkstone water when you are thirsty, and everyone will kiss. It's not the reason why you want to be trapped, but the private communication between the anti-felt curtain and the supplier, which has done its best. There are losers in the story, and the story is against. Ou Wenzhong has a poem: "Burn incense for scholars and wait for life through the curtain." I think politeness is so important that it actually has its own meaning.
Vernacular translation:
On the day when the officials of the capital took office, only the Hanlin scholar gave a banquet on the steps, and other officials, even the prime minister, did not have such etiquette. The musicians and cabaret artists used at the banquet were all appointed by Kaifeng Prefecture. Chen Heshu resumed his bachelor's degree in Hanlin. At that time, he had the right to know about Kaifeng, so he didn't need female singers and dancers. The bachelor's college booked a banquet without female artists, starting with Uncle He.
On the day of the imperial academy exam, a table of incense was set up in front of the steps, and the officials who presided over the tribute paid homage to the juren who took the exam, which was also the old system in the Tang Dynasty. The seats in the examination room where people sit are luxuriously arranged, and the relevant departments have also prepared tea and drinks.
As for the pedant exam, tent mats and other supplies have been taken away, and there is not even tea. The examinee was thirsty, so he drank the ink-grinding water that everyone dyed his mouth black.
This is not intended to embarrass candidates, but to prevent people from using felt curtains and water delivery people to privately convey the meaning of the exam. Because the past has been exposed, everything should be guarded against now. Ouyang Wenzhong once said in his poem: "Burn incense for learning and wait for life through the curtain." I think there is such a big gap in politeness between the two. In fact, there is a reason for this.
Appreciate:
Meng Qian's Bi Tan includes Bi Tan, Bu Bi Tan and Continued Bi Tan, which contains what Shen Kuo saw, heard and thought all his life. The twenty-six volumes of Bi Tan are divided into seventeen chapters, each chapter is "Story (1 2), Dialectics (1 2), Music (1 2), Image (1 2), Personnel (/kloc-
"Bu Bi Tan" consists of three volumes, including eleven articles mentioned above. "Continued Talk" is a volume, regardless of the door. The book contains 609 articles (slightly different in different versions), covering astronomy, calendar, meteorology, geology, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, agriculture, water conservancy, architecture, medicine, history, literature, art, personnel, military affairs, law and many other fields.
Among these projects, they belong to humanities such as anthropology, archaeology, linguistics and music. About18% of all projects; Natural science accounts for about 36% of the book, and personnel information, military affairs, law and anecdotes account for about 46% of the book.
In content, Meng Qian Bi Tan describes and expounds the knowledge of natural science with more than one third of the space, which is rare in notebook writing. For example, Skills correctly and in detail records clay movable type printing invented by Bi Sheng Buyi, which is the earliest reliable historical data about movable type printing in the world and has been highly valued by international cultural history circles.
Dialectical discussion on the banner of Han Yu's portrait made later generations understand a mistake that came into being and passed down from the Northern Song Dynasty: the portrait of Han Xizai in the Five Dynasties was regarded as Han Yu's portrait.
In addition, other major scientific and technological inventions and figures in the Northern Song Dynasty were handed down from generation to generation by the records in this book. For example, the record of Yu Hao's "Wood Classic" and its architectural achievements, the ingenious method of three customs gates in water conservancy projects, Huainan Weipu's mastery of the calendar, Dengzhou Sun Sigong's explanation of rainbows and dragons, Hebei's "Tuangang" and "pouring steel" techniques, the application of "boil" in cold working and smelting of Qiang people, and the production of "dipping copper" are all precious historical materials in the history of science and technology.
Because Shen Kuo himself has a high scientific literacy, the book basically reflects the scientific development level of the Northern Song Dynasty and his own research experience.
This article comes from Meng Qian Bi Tan written by Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Extended data writing background:
Meng Qian Bi Tan is a comprehensive note work written by Shen Kuo (1031-1095), a scientist and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, which involves natural science, technology and social and historical phenomena in ancient China. This book is also very valuable in the world, and it was appraised as "a milestone in the history of science in China" by the British historian Joseph Needham.
According to the oldest extant Dade block print, Meng Qian Bi Tan is divided into 30 volumes, including 26 volumes of Bi Tan, 3 volumes of Bu Bi Tan and Continued Bi Tan 1 volume. There are 17 items and 609 articles in the book. The content involves astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and other disciplines, which is of great value.
The natural science part of the book summarizes the scientific achievements of China in ancient times, especially in the Northern Song Dynasty. In terms of social history, it exposed the decay of the ruling clique in the Northern Song Dynasty, and recorded in detail the military interests of the northwest and the north, the evolution of the etiquette system, and the drawbacks of the old tax system.
The writing background and related situation of Meng Qian Bitan are clearly explained by the author Shen Kuo in the preface to Meng Qian Bitan: after 1082 (five years of Song Yuanfeng), the author was politically frustrated and lived in Runzhou around 1088 (three years) and built Meng Xi Park here.
In his creation, the author claimed to be "Saint Mo's national politics, which is close to the palace, and dare not be private. As for those who were smeared by the literati of that day, although they were good and unwilling to write books, they kept saying that people were evil. "
That is to say, Shen Kuo didn't and didn't want to get involved in the private affairs of the emperor, the gains and losses of the dynasty, the reputation of personnel, and even his previous career experience. Therefore, the author's works are all "stakeholders who have nothing to do with people", and the starting point is "the shade in the mountains is intended to talk about it."
About the author:
Shen Kuo (103 1 ~ 1095) was a scientist and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. A native of Qiantang, Hangzhou (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), Jiayou Jinshi. Xi Ningzhong participated in Wang Anshi's political reform. 1072 (the fifth year of Xining) promoted the company, put on the armillary sphere, talked about the scenery, and recommended Wei Puxiu's Feng, etc.
The following year, I went to Zhejiang to inspect water conservancy and officers. 1075 (the eighth year of Xining) made Liao and rejected his land claim. It also shows the situation of mountains and rivers, human feelings and customs, and plays a role in "making a map copy of Qidan". The following year, he served as a bachelor of Hanlin, and made the third secretary right, rectifying Shaanxi salt policy. Advocate reducing the cost of housework service. Later, Yanzhou (now Yan 'an, Shaanxi) was famous for strengthening its defense against Xixia.
1082 (the fifth year of Yuanfeng), Xu Xi captured Yongle City (now Mizhi, Shaanxi) and was demoted. In his later years, he lived in Runzhou, built Meng Xi Park (now Zhenjiang East, Jiangsu Province), and wrote Meng Qian's Pen Talk based on his life experience.