In May 2007, the tap water crisis caused by cyanobacteria blooms in Taihu Lake in Wuxi further highlighted the severe situation of lake eutrophication in China and the frequent occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms. Based on the analysis of the occurrence and development of eutrophication in Taihu Lake and the causes and mechanism of cyanobacteria bloom, the ways and measures to control eutrophication and cyanobacteria bloom in Taihu Lake are put forward. The research shows that the eutrophication of Taihu Lake is so serious and extremely difficult to control, mainly because Taihu Lake develops in the flood plain of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and has a high nutritional background. Due to the degradation of shallow water and submerged vegetation, frequent wind and wave disturbances lead to a very high level of endogenous nutrient load; The rapid development of social economy in the basin further aggravated the eutrophication process of Taihu Lake. On the one hand, the bloom of cyanobacteria is related to the physiological characteristics of cyanobacteria, such as carbon fixation, pseudo-cavitation, light absorption, nutrient utilization and so on; On the other hand, it is related to the physical, chemical and biological environment in the system, such as the unique underwater light field structure of shallow lakes and low predation pressure. The eutrophication control of Taihu Lake should follow the principles of source control and pollution interception, lake ecological restoration and watershed management, and the specific measures include pre-reservoir and constructed wetland non-point source pollutant control technology; Reduction technology of physical, mechanical and biological removal of endogenous nutrients; Lake ecological restoration technology for submerged vegetation restoration. The control technology of cyanobacteria bloom includes physical engineering method of intercepting diversion, chemical engineering method of flocculation and sedimentation and adding algae inhibitor, ecological floating bed and ecological engineering method of biological manipulation. It needs to be diagnosed before treatment.
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