Riemann conjecture (or Riemann hypothesis) is a conjecture about the zero distribution of Riemann zeta function zeta (s), which was put forward by mathematician Bernhard Riemann in 1859. German mathematician David Hilbert put forward 23 mathematical problems that mathematicians should try to solve in the 20th century at the Second International Congress of Mathematicians, including Riemann Hypothesis.
Riemann hypothesis has also been included in the seven major mathematical problems in the world awarded by Clay Institute of Mathematics. Riemann conjecture is not as famous as Fermat conjecture and Goldbach conjecture, but its importance in mathematics far exceeds the latter two, and it is the most important mathematical problem in mathematics today. There are more than 1000 mathematical propositions based on Riemann conjecture in today's mathematical literature.
Riemann conjecture was put forward by Bernhard Riemann in 1859. The mathematician was born in 1826 in a small town called Breschlenz, which belonged to the kingdom of Hanover at that time. 1859, Riemann was elected as a member of the Communication Academy of Berlin.
In return for this lofty honor, he submitted a paper entitled "On the number of prime numbers less than a given value" to the Berlin Academy of Sciences. This short eight-page paper is the birthplace of Riemann's conjecture.
An important achievement of Riemann's paper is that the mystery of prime number distribution is completely contained in a special function, especially a series of special points that make the value of that function zero have a decisive influence on the detailed law of prime number distribution. That function is now called Riemann zeta function, and that series of special points are called nontrivial zeros of Riemann zeta function.